Gas Outflow through a Hole from a Pressurized ContainerReference: Methods for the calculation of physical effects - due to releases of hazardous materials (liquids & gases)"Yellow Book" - CPR14E

For theory and equations refer the worksheet - "Theory & Equations"

CalculationsInputsCompressed Gas HydrogenMolecular Mass 2 kg/kg-mole

50 bara

15 °C

Vessel Vol., V= 100

0.1 m

0.62

30 s

50 (considered to be appropriate choice)

4.131

ϒ = 1.427

10000 J/kg-k

1.01325 bara

Outputs

0.007854

49Flow = CriticalOutflow Coeff., ψ = 1Time Change, δT = 0.6 s

Time after Rupture, s Gas Temp., K Flow Rate, kg/s0 4.131 288.15 50 15.25

0.6 4.039 285.47 47.94 14.771.2 3.951 282.86 46.46 14.381.8 3.865 280.30 45.03 14.002.4 3.781 277.76 43.66 13.64

3 3.699 275.27 42.33 13.283.6 3.619 272.80 41.04 12.944.2 3.541 270.37 39.81 12.604.8 3.466 267.97 38.61 12.285.4 3.392 265.60 37.46 11.96

Vessel Pr, P0 =

Temp, T0 =

m3

Hole size, dh =

Disch. Coeff., Cd =

Final Time, tend =

No. of time-steps, Nt =

Gas Density, ρ0 = kg/m3 @P0, T0

(ϒ = Cp / Cv) @P0, T0

Cv = @P0, T0

Downstream Pr, Pa =

Hole C/S Area, Ah = m2

P0 / Pa =

Gas Density, ρ, kg/m3

Pressure at Hole Inlet, bara

6 3.320 263.26 36.34 11.666.6 3.250 260.96 35.26 11.367.2 3.182 258.68 34.22 11.087.8 3.116 256.44 33.22 10.808.4 3.051 254.22 32.25 10.53

9 2.988 252.03 31.31 10.269.6 2.926 249.87 30.40 10.01

10.2 2.866 247.74 29.52 9.7610.8 2.808 245.64 28.67 9.5211.4 2.751 243.56 27.85 9.29

12 2.695 241.51 27.06 9.0612.6 2.640 239.48 26.29 8.8413.2 2.587 237.48 25.54 8.6313.8 2.536 235.50 24.82 8.4214.4 2.485 233.55 24.13 8.22

15 2.436 231.63 23.45 8.0215.6 2.388 229.72 22.80 7.8316.2 2.341 227.84 22.17 7.6516.8 2.295 225.99 21.56 7.4717.4 2.250 224.15 20.97 7.29

18 2.206 222.34 20.39 7.1218.6 2.164 220.55 19.84 6.9519.2 2.122 218.79 19.30 6.7919.8 2.081 217.04 18.78 6.6320.4 2.041 215.31 18.27 6.48

21 2.002 213.61 17.78 6.3321.6 1.964 211.92 17.31 6.1922.2 1.927 210.26 16.85 6.0522.8 1.891 208.61 16.40 5.9123.4 1.855 206.98 15.97 5.78

24 1.821 205.38 15.55 5.6524.6 1.787 203.79 15.14 5.5225.2 1.754 202.22 14.74 5.4025.8 1.721 200.67 14.36 5.2826.4 1.690 199.13 13.99 5.16

27 1.659 197.62 13.63 5.0527.6 1.629 196.12 13.28 4.9428.2 1.599 194.63 12.94 4.8328.8 1.570 193.17 12.61 4.7229.4 1.542 191.72 12.29 4.62

30 1.514 190.29 11.98 4.52

Prepared by: Ankur SrivastavaChemical Engineer

Email:

Revision Status:

ankur_2061@hotmail.com

1st Issue

Methods for the calculation of physical effects - due to releases of hazardous materials (liquids & gases)

(considered to be appropriate choice)

09.15

18.0126.6435.0443.2251.1958.9566.5173.88

Total Mass Release, kg

81.0688.0594.87

101.52108.00114.31120.47126.48132.33138.05143.62149.06154.36159.54164.59169.52174.34179.04183.62188.10192.48196.75200.92205.00208.98212.87216.66220.38224.01227.55231.02234.41237.72240.96244.12247.22250.25253.21256.10258.94261.71