Global Offender DNA Database

Updatefor ENFSI

Tim Schellberg Gordon Thomas

HoneywellGovernment Affairs

Copenhagen, Denmark

April 29, 2015

These countries have implemented legislation/polices on a national basis to database the DNA of a defined category of criminal offender

AustraliaAustriaBahrainBarbadosBelarusBelgiumBrazilCanadaCzech RepublicChileChinaCroatiaCyprusDenmark

EstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyHong KongHungaryIcelandIsraelJapanJordanKuwaitLatviaLithuaniaNetherlands

New ZealandMacedoniaMalaysiaMauritiusNorwayOmanPanamaPolandPortugalQatarRussiaSloveniaSlovakiaSingapore

South KoreaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandTaiwanUnited Arab EmiratesUnited KingdomUnited StatesUruguay

50 COUNTRIES HAVE IMPLEMENTED NATIONAL PROGRAMS

OVER 60 MILLION OFFENDER SAMPLES

BrazilThe 50th Country to Activate National Criminal Offender DNA Database

• Database legislation passed in 2012

• Brazil Federal Police accepting profiles from States

• 7 of Brazil’s 26 states have begun collecting offender samples

• An estimated 2-3 years before all 22 relevant states begin participating

Databases over 1 Million China - 20,000,000 *United States – 11,681,925United Kingdom – 4,898,074France – 2,547,499

Databases over 100KGermany – 832,695Australia – 590,607Japan – 400,000 i *

Russia - 300,000*Spain – 297,494Canada – 288,660Israel - 230,000 ii

Netherlands - 152,049Singapore - 190,000 iii

Austria – 187,331Switzerland – 169,317

New Zealand - 145,512 I

Finland – 150,188Sweden – 143,061Czech Republic – 137,475Hungary – 120,765Denmark – 105,824South Korea – 100,000 i

Databases over 50KTaiwan – 91,831Jordan - 74,000 i

Chile – 72,603Norway – 55,428Latvia – 53,327

Databases 50K or lessSlovakia – 46,769Estonia – 46,494

Poland – 37,498 Kuwait – 35,000 Belarus - 35,000 (2010)*Belgium - 31,340Croatia – 31,199Hong Kong - 30,000*Slovenia – 29,332Romania - 25,235UAE - 25,000 I

Panama - 12,000 ii

Iceland - 5,000*Portugal – 3,381Barbados - 2,000*Macedonia – 1,412Cyprus – 389Brazil - 80

Database Sizes

2014 figuresi 2013ii 2012Iii 2011* estimate

National Database Implementation Countries

• Legislation passed June 2014• Limited to more serious crimes• Implementation timelines?

Italy• Legislation passed in 2009• Minister of Justice declares implementation in 2015

Greece• Legislation passed in 2009

• Implementation plans uncertain

Ireland

National Database Implementation Countries

• Parliament passed database legislation – September 2014

• Implementation schedule is unknown

• DNA infrastructure for national database is limited

South Africa • Database legislation passed in late 2013

• Lab construction underway to handle new samples created by legislation

Bangladesh

• Implementation expected in 2016

National Database Implementation Countries

• Regulations requiring the collection of DNA from all people indicted for a crime was approved in 2006

• Implementation activity is unknown

Malta• No information about legislation or implementation

Bulgaria

Significant Pilot Countries

• Large prisoner pilots • Arrestee testing legislation under discussion

Vietnam• Large prisoner pilots

• Arrestee testing legislation under discussion

Mexico• Multiple Mexican states operate stand alone databases

• Crime pressure forcing discussion of national database program

Thailand

• CODIS agreement signed with FBI – March 2015

Significant Pilot Countries

• Stake of Punjab (Lahore) has created a database of 5,000 prisoners & suspects

• No national database discussion

Saudi Arabia

Pakistan

• Legislation under discussion

• Notable unofficial database

Other Countries with Active Legislation Discussions Underway

• Solid DNA infrastructure in government labs• Ministry of Justice’s Legal Medicine positioned to lead

database effort, not Turkish police

India

• Legislation in process and expected to pass in 2015

Turkey

• Disagreement on who will operate the database has caused delays

• Legislation under discussion in the Peruvian Congress

• Legislation likely in 2016

Peru

Other Countries with Active Legislation Discussions Underway

• Arrestee testing legislation – Introduced April 2015

• Philippines National Police (PNP) is actively building the DNA infrastructure

Philippines

• CODIS installed at PNP in 2014

Looking Forward

Many of the remaining 117 countries will face challenges to develop databases

2015-2025 Predictions80 Countries, 100–150 Million

Profiles

Beyond 2025

• Average per capita GDP is below $5,000 USA

• Crime control low on priority list

Conclusion: Many of the remaining countries will need new methods and reasons to move forward

IndiaIndonesiaPakistanNigeriaBangladeshMexicoPhilippinesVietnamIranEgyptTurkeyThailandItaly

South AfricaColombiaKenyaArgentinaUkraineAlgeriaUgandaMoroccoSaudi ArabiaPeruVenezuelaSri LankaKazakhstan

EcuadorGreeceIrelandBotswana

European databases continue to grow slowly under existing legislative authority.

Unlike other regions of the world, European countries are not pursuing legislative expansion to increase database size. Little government or NGO advocacy exists to pursue expansion.

EUROPEEU

UNITED STATESOFFENDER DNA DATABASESALL CONVICTED FELONS LAWS

1999 – 5 states2003 – 27 states2008 – 42 states2011 – 50 states

ARRESTEE / MISDEMEANOR LAWS

1999 – 1 state2006 – 7 states

2015 – 31 states

CODIS STATISTICS2000: less than 500,000 convicted offenders2015: more than 11,635,000

CODIS STATISTICS – ARRESTEES2004: less than 1,000 arrestees2015: more than 1,911,000

2010 – 25 states

Australia & New ZealandLegislation Expansion

The 8 states & territories only collect DNA from serious convicted criminals

All states & territories have passed legislation to collect DNA from all convicted criminals

Australia

5 of the 8 states have passed legislation to collect DNA from arrestees

2000 -

2010 -

2015 -

Northern Territory; Queensland;

Western Austraila; South Australia; Victoria

New Zealand

1995 - Legislation passes to collect DNA from convicted criminals

2009 - Legislation passes to collect DNA from arrestees

Certain felony arrests law

All felony arrests law

Introduced legislation 2015

Misdemeanor convictions law

Introduced legislation 2015

2015 Legislation to Expand DNA Database in theUnited States

Enacted audit bills

Introduced audit bills

Enacted reform bills

Introduced reform bills

2015 Legislation to Require Mandatory Rape KitTesting in the United States

Civil DNA Databases

Peru Newborn Pilot Discussion for whole population databases

grows in the Middle EastDenmark Study:“Nearly 80% say that cataloging the DNA of everyone in the country is a good idea.”- Copenhagen Post(February 4, 2015)

Changing Attitudes

Thanks!

Tim Schellberg Gordon Thomas

HoneywellGovernment Affairs

Copenhagen, Denmark

April 29, 2015

Danke!Merci !Благодаря !Hvala !Ďakujem !Gracias !Спасибо !Tack !Teşekkür ederim !Ačiū !Děkuji !Хвала !Paldies !

Mulțumesc !Dziękuję !Obrigado !Շնորհակալություն !Tak !Dank u!Grazie !Go raibh maith agat

!Köszönöm !σας ευχαριστώ !დიდი მადლობა !Kiitos !Aitäh !