tigridia amatlanensis (tigridieae, iridaceae), a new species from oaxaca, mexico

8/10/2019 Tigridia Amatlanensis (Tigridieae, Iridaceae), A New Species From Oaxaca, Mexico

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T i g r i d i a a m a t l a n e n s i s T i g r id i e a e : I r i d a c e a e ) , a n e w

s p e c i e s f ro m O a x a c a , M e x i c o

AARON RODRIGUEZ AND ABISAI GARCIA-MENDOZA

Rodrfguez, A. (Departamento de Bot~inica y Zoolog/a, Un iver sidad de Gua-

dalajara, Apartado Postal 139, 45101 Zapopan, Jalisco, M6xico; e-mail:

[email protected]) & A. Garcfa-Mendoza (Jardfn Bot~inico, Instituto de

Biologfa, Universidad Nacional Aut6noma de M6xico, Apartado Postal 70-614,

04510 M6xico, D.E, M6xico; e-mail: [email protected]).

T i g r i -

d i a a m a t l a n e n s i s (Tigridieae: Iridaceae), a new species from Oaxaca, Mexico.

Brittonia 56:12 8-131 . 200 4.- -Ti gri dia am atl anen sis is described and illustrated

as a new species from Mexico. It is recognized by its nodding flowers and its

inner and outer tepals cirrhous and markedly dimorphic in length. It is most

closely related to

T . h a l l b e r g i i

subsp,

h a l l b e r g i i

and

T . m e l e a g r i s .

Other morpho-

logically s imilar species are T. c a t a r i n e n s i s and T . m o l s e e d i a n a .

Key wor ds: Iridaceae, Mexico, Oaxaca,

T i gr i d i a .

Rodrfguez, A. (Departamento de Bot~inica y Zoolog/a, Universidad de Gua-

dalajara, Apartado Postal 139, 45101 Zapopan, Jalisco, M6xico; e-mail:

[email protected]) & A. Garcfa-Mendoza (Jard/n Bot~inico, Instituto de

Biologfa, Universidad Nacional Aut6noma de M6xico, Apartado Postal 70-614,

04510 M6xico, D.F., M6xico; e-mail: [email protected]).

T i g r i -

d i a a m a t l a n e n s i s

(Tigridieae: Iridaceae), a new species from Oaxaca, Mexico.

Brittonia 56: 128-131. 2 004 .-- Se describe e ilustra a Tigr idi a

a m a t l a n e n s i s

como especie nueva que crece en M6xico. Se reconoce por sus flores p6ndulas y

sus t6palos cirrosos, los in teriores mucho m~is pequefios que los exteriores. E1

tax6n propuesto est~i relacionado con

T . h a l l b e r g i i

subsp,

h a l l b e r g i i , T . m e l e a g r i s .

Morfol6gicamente, tambi6n es similar

a T . c a t a r i n e n s i s y T . m o l s e e d i a n a .

I n t r o d u c t i o n

T i g r i d i a

Juss. (Tigridieae: Iridaceae) is a

New World genus of about 45 species,

growing in Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, Guate-

mala, and Mexico (Henrich & Goldblatt ,

1994; Goldblatt et al., 1998). In Mexico the

genus is represented by about 36 species and

six subspecies, of which 29 species and six

subspecies are endemic. Currently, 11 spe-

cies are known from the southern state of

Oaxaca. In the course of systematic studies

of

T i g r i d i a ,

we collected plants there that do

not f it any of the descriptions of those spe-

cies. We describe them here as new.

T i g r i d i a a m a t l a n e n s i s

Aaron Rodr .

A .

Garc fa -Mendoza ,

s p . n o v .

(Fig. 1)

TYPE: MEXICO. Oaxaca: 8.4 km N of

Santia go Amatl~in along a dirt road to San

Miguel Chicahua, oak forest, 2400 m, 7 Jul

2002,

A . R o d r f g u e z L . O r t i z - C a t e d r a l

2 9 7 2

(HOLOTYPE" IBUG; ISOTYPES: ENCB,

MEXU, NY) .

Herba perennis, erecta, bulbosa; caules 55-80 cm

ark bulbus ovoideus 4-7 cm longus et 2-2.5 cm latus;

spathae bractearum subaequales, 5.5-6.5 cm longae et

0.7 cm latae; pedicellus gracillimus deflexus, 5.5-6 cm

longa; flores plures, nutantes, campanulati aut poculi-

formis, 1.3-2.5 cm diametro; tepala externa ovata, cir-

rata, 1.5-1.6 cm longa et 0.8~).9 cm lata, lineis et

maculis purpureis; tepala interna unguiculata, concava,

ovata, cirrata, lineis et maculis purpureis, 0.9 cm longa

et 0.6-0.7 cm lata; glande alba, in forma littera V in-

versa, partem apicem positae, 4 mm lata.

Erect , bulbous, perennia l herb, 55-80 cm

high, glabrous; bulb ovoid, 4 .5 -7 x 2-2.5

Brittonia,

56(2), 2004, pp. 128-131. ISSUED: 7 April 2004

9 2004, by The New York Botanical Garden Press, Bronx, NY 10458-5126 U.S.A.


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2 4] RODRIGUEZ GARCIA-MENDO ZA: TIGRIDIEAE 129

re,

FIG. 1.

Tigridia amatlanensis .

A. Bulb. B. Habit. C. Flower (lateral view). D. Flower (front view). E. Fruits.

(A-D, Rodrlgue z Ort iz-Ca tedral 2972, IBUG, ENCB, MEXU, NY; E, Garcfa-Mendo za So lano 7326 ,

IBUG, MEXU, NY.)


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1 3 0 B R I T T O N IA [ V O L . 5 6

c m , t h e o u t e r t u n i c s t h i n , p a l e b r o w n ; f l o w -

e r i n g s t e m u n b r a n c h e d o r b e a r i n g 1 o r 2

b r a n c h e s ; b a s a l l e a v e s 1 , l in e a r , p l i c a t e , 3 1 -

9 4 c m 7 - 9 r a m , s h o r t e r o r l o n g e r th a n

t h e f l o w e r i n g s t e m ; c a u l i n e l e a v e s 2 , t h e u p -

p e r o n e m u c h r e d u c e d , l i n e a r p l ic a te , 1 9 -

3 5 c m 3 - 1 2 r a m ; i n f l o r e s c e n c e a r h ip i -

d i u m w i t h s u b e q u a l s p a th e v a l v e s , 5 .5 - 6 . 5

0 .7 c m ; p e d i c e l s li n e a r -f i li f o r m , 5 . 5 - 6 c m

l o n g ; fl o w e r s 6 - 8 p e r r h i p i d i u m , n o d d i n g ,

c a m p a n u l a t e , 1 . 3 - 2 . 5 c m w i d e ; o u t e r t e p a l s

o v a t e , c i r r h o u s , w i t h p u r p l e l i n e s a n d s p o t s ,

1 . 5 - 1 . 6 0 . 8 - 0 . 9 c m ; i n n e r t e p a l s b r o a d l y

u n g u i c u l a t e , c o n c a v e , o v a t e , c i r r h o u s , 0 .9

0 . 6 - 0 . 7 c m ; n e c t a r y an in v e r t e d V - s h a p e d

b a n d , 4 m m b r o ad , c o v e r i n g a l m o s t th e e n-

t i r e t e p a l , w h i t e , t h e n o n - n e c t a r i f e r o u s p o r -

t i o n o f th e t e p a l w i t h p u r p l e l i n e s a n d s p o t s ;

f i l a m e n t s c o n n a t e , 3 - 5 m m l o n g ; an t h e r s

s p r e a d i n g , y e l l o w i s h , 5 m m l o n g ; p o l l e n

g r a i n s b i s u l c a t e , e x i n e r e t i c u la t e ; o v a r y c l a -

v a t e - l a n c e o l a t e , 3 - 5 X 1.5 r a m ; s ty l e

b r a n c h e s 5 m m l o n g , d e e p l y b i f id in t o 2

a r m s , r e d t o p u r p le , a m u c r o p r e s e n t i n s ty l e

a r m s i n u s es , 1 - 1 .5 m m l o n g ; m a t u r e c a p -

s u le o b l o n g - c l a v a t e , t r u n c a t e , 1 . 1 - 2 . 2 c m

l o n g , 0 . 7 - 0 . 9 c m d i a m . ; s e e d s o v o i d , 2 .5

1 . 5 m m .

Additional specimens examined. MEXICO. Oaxa-

ca. Distr. of NochixtPin, Mun. of San Miguel Chica-

hua, 8.5 km NW of Amatl~in along dirt rd. to Apoala,

17~ 97~ oak fores t with Arbutus and

Rhus, 2438 m, 10 Nov 2001, Garc[a-Mendoza So-

lano 7326 IBUG, MEXU); 8.4 km N of Santiago

Amatlgn along dirt rd. to San Miguel Chicahua, oak

forest, 2400 m, 9 Jul 2001, Rodrfguez Ortiz-Cated-

ral 2954 IBUG, MEXU).

T i g r i d i a a m a t l a n e n s i s

i s m o s t c l o s e l y r e -

l a t e d t o

T. m e l eagr i s

L i n d l. ) G . N i c h o l s o n

a n d T. ha l l be rg i i M o l s e e d s u b s p , ha l l be rg i i

T a b l e I ) . T h e y s h a r e n o d d i n g f l o w e r s , e x -

p o s e d n e c t a r ie s , a n d a m u c r o b e t w e e n t h e

s t y le a r m s . I n a d d it i o n , th e c a m p a n u l a t e

f l o w e r a n d t h e c i r r h o u s t e p a l s a r e c o m m o n

to T. a rna t l anens i s a n d T. m e l eagr i s b u t

t h e y d i f f e r i n t h e re l a t i v e s i z e o f th e i n n e r

a n d o u t e r t e p a l s , t h e n e c t a r y p o s i t i o n , a n d

t h e n e c t a r y c o l o r . I n

T. m e l eagr i s

t h e i n n e r

a n d o u t e r t e p a l s a r e s u b e q u a l i n c o n t r a s t t o

T . a m a t l a n e n s i s

i n w h i c h t h e t w o s e r i e s o f

t e p a l s a r e m a r k e d l y d i m o r p h i c i n le n g t h .

F u r t h e r m o r e , i n T m e l e a g r i s t h e n e c t a r y i s

s i tu a t e d a t t h e b a s e o f t h e i n n e r t e p a l s a n d

o

Z

0

0

.~.~

m

~ >

z

o 9

~ = ~ ~ X X ~

~ ~ 1 7 6

z o o o Z r

o

o

6

o

~:~ ~ X ~

z o o

,~ ~ _ ~

o

e-,

E

z L ~ o o - ~

o.~, o z ;z;


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2004] RODRIGUEZ & GARCIA-MENDOZA: TIGRIDIEAE 131

the tissue behind it is yellow, whereas in 7 .

amatlanensis the nectary is located at the

top of the inner tepals and the nectary sur-

face is white.

Tigridia amatlanensis differs from T.

hallbergii subsp, hallbergii in having cir-

rhous tepals; tepals in the latter are obtuse.

Additionally, the tepals of T. hallbergii

subsp, hallbergii are dark wine-purple, in

contrast to the tepals with light purple spots

on a yellowish background of T. amatla

nensis.

Other species morphologically similar to

Tigridia amatlanensis are T. catarinensis

Cruden and T. molseediana Ravenn a (Table

I). Still, T. amatlanensis is recognizable by

its nodding flowers and cirrhous tepals. All

species compared here have superficial and

exposed nectaries on the inner tepals. On

the basis of that character, T. amatlanensis

belongs to subgen. Hydrotaenia (Molseed,

1970). However, a molecular and morpho-

logical phylogenetic analysis did not sup-

port the division of Tigridia into the sub-

genera Tigridia and Hydrotaenia (Rodr/-

guez, 1999). Further studies are needed to

resolve the phylogenetic relationship of T.

amatlanensis.

Distribution. Tigridia amatlanensis is

known only from the region of the type lo-

cality. It grows along the edges of oak for-

est. Other conspic uous elements of the for-

est are Arbutus and Rhus. The soil is pre-

dominantly silty and black with abundant

organic matter.

Etymology. The epithet refers to the

town of Amatlzln, where this species is

known.

A c k n o w l e d g m e n t s

We thank Elvia Esparza for the illustra-

tion, Luis Ortiz Catedral for his help in the

field, and Roberto Gonz~ilez Tamayo for his

comments on the original manuscript.

L i t e r a t u r e C i t e d

G o l d b l a t t , P . , J . C . M a n n i n g P . R u d a l l .

1998.

Iridaceae. Pages 295-333. In: K. Kubitzki, editor.

The families and genera of vascular plants III:

flowering plants, monocotyledons,Lilianae (except

Orchidaceae). Springer-Verlag, New York.

H e n r i c h ,

J. E. & P. Goldblatt. 1994. Iridaceae. Pages

71-80. In: D. Gerrit, M. Sousa & A. Q. Charter,

editors. Flora Mesoamericana. Vol. 6. Univ. Na-

cional Aut6noma de M6xico, Missouri Botanical

Garden, The Natural History Museum (London),

M6xico, D.E

Molseed, E. 1970. The genus Tigridia (Iridaceae) of

Mexico and Central America. Univ. California

Publ. Bot. 54: 1-113.

Rodrlguez, A. 1999. Molecular and morphological

systematics of the tiger-flower group (Tribe Ti-

gridieae: Iridaceae), biogeography and evidence for

the adaptive radiation of the subtribe Tigridiinae.

Ph.D. thesis. University of Wisconsin--Madison.

tigridia amatlanensis (tigridieae, iridaceae), a new species from oaxaca, mexico

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