three states (phases) of matter textbook pp. 66 - 69
TRANSCRIPT
THREE STATES (PHASES) OF
MATTERTextbook pp. 66 - 69
MATTER Consists of atoms
and molecules that are too small to see without a very powerful microscope. They are always in motion and bumping into each other
STATES OF MATTER
The three most familiar states of matter are:
SOLID
LIQUID
GAS
STATES OF MATTER
State is determined by how fast the particles move and how strongly they are attracted to each other
SOLID
The state of matter that has a definite shape and volume Particles are close together Particles vibrate in place
TYPES OF SOLID
There are two types of solid. They are:
Crystalline solid
Amorphous solid
TYPES OF SOLID
Crystalline solid:
particles are arranged in a repeating pattern of rows. Ex.: diamond, ice, iron
TYPES OF SOLID
Amorphous solid:
Particles are not in any particular order
Examples include: oobleck, rubber, wax, glass
LIQUID
The state of matter in which the matter takes the shape of its container and has a definite volume. Even though liquids change shape they DO NOT easily change volume.
PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS
Surface tension: a force that acts on the particles at the surface of a liquid. This causes some liquids to form round drops. Different liquids have different surface tensions.
PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS (cont.) Viscosity: a
liquid’s resistance to flow. Usually, the stronger the attractions between the molecules of a liquid, the more viscous the liquid is.
GAS
The state in which matter changes both in shape and volume.
Gases do not have a definite shape or volume.
GAS The particles of a gas move quickly. There is less attraction between particles
of a gas than between particles of the same substance in the solid or liquid state.
The amount of empty space between gas particles can change. There is more space between particles of gas in a helium balloon than particles of helium in a tank of helium.
PLASMA
The state of matter that does not have a definite shape or volume and whose particles have broken apart.
PLASMA (cont.)
Natural plasmas are found in the Aurora Borealis. Artificial plasmas are found in
fluorescent lighting.