This could save the lives of 3.000 children a dayWASH Campaign. www.wsscc.org

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Hygiene promotion meeting

Oxford, 2 December 2005

6 Recognised emergency WatSan needs (SPHERE 2004)

Hygiene promotion Water supply Excreta disposal Vector control Solid waste management Drainage

Disaster response

International Federation responding to WatSan needs: ERU Water and Sanitation

Module treatment and supplyProvide 600.000 litres drinking water per day for 40.000 beneficiaries in emergency situations

Module distribution and truckingTransport and distribution of drinking water (75.000 litres/day) to beneficiaries in remote areas

Module specialized water and sanitationDrinking wter (120.000 litres per day) and sanitation for health facilities and smaller populations (up to 15.000)

Module Mass Sanitation Basic sanitation facilities to a population of 40.000 beneficiaries in emergency situations

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion (SPHERE 2004)

The main objective of water supply and sanitation programmes in disasters is to reduce the transmission of faeco-oral diseases and exposure to disease-bearing vectors.

Simply providing sufficient water and sanitation facilities on their own does not ensure their optimal use or impact on public health.

IFRC responding to WatSan needs: Lessons learnt

We need to be able to address the whole problem

We are very good at water supply but less effective on Sanitation and even less so on Hygiene Promotion

Revision and improvement of Mass Sanitation Module an opportunity to address the above weaknesses

Key technical components - MSM

‘rapid-latrine’ for immediate use ‘software’ package and IEC materials media/communications capacity Vehicle/team equipment component Materials/equipment review (vector

control, latrine construction, waste management)

‘software’ package and IEC materials

Useful tool for Red Cross field workers in(1) Problem identification,(2) Plan Intervention, (3) Immediate action and (4) Monitoring and evaluation.

Challenges: • Participatory approach versus directive approach • Link between software and hardware.

Hygiene promotion manual for emergency.

CDIEC materials (leaflets, posters, drawings, etc) + Toolkit (Training package, monitoring and evaluation tool, etc)

Challenge: Cultural and social adaptation of IEC materials to target community.

‘software’ package and IEC materials

Guatemala. Hurricane Stan Operation. November 2005

Transition from emergency to development: GWSI criteria

Targeting of vulnerable communities with significantly low Water and Sanitation coverage.

Longer-term funding packages, more secure resource mobilization.

Technical criteria (Hardware): Appropriate and affordable technology options.

Engagement and Health promotion (Software): Improved community participation, management and hygiene/sanitation promotion.

More measurable impact, clearly defined impact indicators. Increased gender awareness and considerations Government and other external partners’ integration Environmental approach.

Software component in developmental context

International Federation experience has shown that the use of the PHAST methodology supports the success and sustainability of the project by increasing hygiene awareness within communities.

PHAST review (Uganda, August 2003).

Lessons learnt:

• PHAST adopted for children: ‘CHAST’ has been developed as an adaptation of both PHAST and child to child methodologies.

• The link with WatSan hardware needs to be clearly defined: a WatSan engineer from step 4 of conventional PHAST (selecting options and planning for new facilities and behaviour change) should be included.

Baseline Survey Sheet.

STEP 1: PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

STEP 2: PROBLEM ANALYSIS

STEP 3: PLANNING FOR SOLUTIONS

STEP 4 : SELECTING THE OPTIONS

STEP 5 PLANNING FOR NEW FACILITIES AND BEHAVIOUR CHANGE

Information collected during the step 1,2,3,4 and 5 might be added to the general base line information.

STEP 6 PLANNING FOR MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Monitoring tools:Quarterly monitoring sheet for three essential indicators (use of safe drinking water, use of latrines and hand washing). Household observation sheets.

STEP 7 PARTICIPATORY EVALUATIONA set of general indicators for evaluating the most relevant hygiene domains are provided.

The standard PHAST process including new monitoring and evaluation tools (yellow boxes).

(From the PHAST Step-by-Step Guide, A Participatory Approach for the control of diarrhea diseases)

PHAST experience Tsunami (Indonesia)

59 Trainers of trainers (PMI).

117 PHAST facilitators (PMI)

135 PHAST volunteers at community level

PHAST Implementation:

•4 Villages

•6 TLC’s

PHAST toolkit adapted to the context.

1:1 sex ratio within the facilitators team.