THINK

VOLUME 1

FLUORIDATION?WATER

FLUORIDATION?WATER

OK, WHAT EXACTLY IS IT?

OK, WHAT EXACTLY IS IT?

SODIUM FLUORIDE

SODIUM SILICOFLUORIDE

HYDROFLUOROSILICIC ACID&

THE PROCESS OF ADDING

TO OUR WATER SUPPLY

which is absorbed into the body by:

SHOWERING EATING & DRINKING.

THESE TOXIC WASTE SUBSTANCES ARE THE BY-PRODUCTS OF THE FERTILIZER, STEEL, NUCLEAR, AND ALUMINUM INDUSTRIES. IT IS ILLEGAL TO DUMP THESE HAZARDOUS FLUORIDE WASTE PRODUCTS INTO WATER STREAMS, RIVERS, AND OCEANS.

FLUORIDE

FLUORIDE

WATER

THESE SUBSTANCES INSTEAD ARE DILUTED INTO 70% OF U.S. WATER SUPPLIES. THIS SAVES SAID INDUSTRIES TRUCK LOADS OF CASH, AS RESPONSIBLE DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS WASTE CAN BE EXPENSIVE.

FLUORIDE IS THE ONLY CHEMICAL ADDED TO WATER FOR THE PURPOSE OF MEDICAL TREATMENT.

FLUORIDE IS THE ONLY CHEMICAL ADDED TO WATER FOR THE PURPOSE OF MEDICAL TREATMENT.

FLUORIDE IS CLASSIFIED AS A DRUG USED TO PREVENT DISEASE. THUS, FLUORIDE ADDED TO WATER FOR THE PURPOSE OF PREVENTING TOOTH DECAY IS A FORM OF MEDICAL TREATMENT.

ALL OTHER WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS ARE ADDED TO IMPROVE THE WATER’S QUALITY OR SAFETY.

FLUORIDE DOES NEITHER.

IT PREVENTS CAVITIES, RIGHT?

THE BELIEF THAT FLUORIDE NEEDS TO BE SWALLOWED TO BE MOST EFFECTIVE HAS BEEN DISCREDITED BY A LARGE BODY OF MODERN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH.THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL HAS NOW CONCEDED THAT FLUORIDE WORKS BEST WHEN APPLIED OUTSIDE OF TEETH.

1-3

3

SWALLOWING FLUORIDE HAS LITTLE TO NO BENEFIT.REALLY?

SWALLOWING FLUORIDE HAS LITTLE TO NO BENEFIT.REALLY?

2

4

6

8

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Years 1970 through 2010

Tooth Decay Trends in Fluoridated and Non-Fluoridated CountriesWHO data on DMFT in 12 year olds*

FluoridatedNon-Fluoridated**

*World Health Organization (WHO). Collaborating Centre for Education, Training, and Research in Oral Health, Malmo University, Sweden. http://www.mah.se/CAPP/(accessed June 10, 2012).

**No water or salt fluoridation

YES, THE MAJORITY OF WESTERN, INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES HAVE REJECTED WATER FLUORIDATION BUT STILL EXPERIENCE THE SAME DECLINE IN CHILD-HOOD DENTAL DECAY AS FLUORIDATED COUNTRIES.

A MULTI-MILLION DOLLAR STUDY, FUNDED BY THE U.S. NATION INSTITUTES OF HEALTH FOUND NO SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOOTH DECAY AND FLUORIDE INTAKE AMONG CHILDREN.4

TOOTH DECAY IS HIGH IN LOW-INCOME COMMUNITIES SUCH AS BOSTON, CINCINNATI, NEW YORK CITY, AND PITTSBURG THAT HAVE BEEN FLUORIDATED FOR OVER 20 YEARS 5-6

TOOTH DECAY DOES NOT INCREASE WHEN FLUORIDATION IS STOPPED.

TOOTH DECAY DOES NOT INCREASE WHEN FLUORIDATION IS STOPPED.

COMMUNITIES IN CANADA, FINLAND, AND CUBA HAVE DISCONTINUED FLUORIDE AND YET STILL EXPERIENCE A DECREASE IN DENTAL DECAY.

INTERESTING.

7-11

THE DOSE CANNOT BE CONTROLLED.

THE DOSE CANNOT BE CONTROLLED.

BEING ABLE TO CONTROL THE DOSAGE OF A DRUG IS CRITICAL. ONCE IT IS UNLEASHED ON A WATER SUPPLY, IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO CONTROL THE DOSE EACH INDIVIDUAL RECEIVES.

MANUAL LABORERS, ATHLETES, DIABETICS, AND PEOPLE WITH KIDNEY DISEASE

ALL DRINK SUBSTANTIALLY MORE WATER THAN OTHERS.

FLUORIDE IS NOT AN ESSENTIAL NUTRIENT.

FLUORIDE IS NOT AN ESSENTIAL NUTRIENT.

FLUORIDE

?

NOT A SINGLE BIOLOGICAL PROCESS REQUIRES FLUORIDE. NO DISEASE IS CAUSED BY A “FLUORIDE DEFICIENCY.” IN FACT, THERE IS EXTENSIVE EVIDENCE SHOWING THAT FLUORIDE CAN ACTUALLY INTERFERE WITH MANY BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES.

11-15

16-21

SEVERE DENTAL FLUOROSIS AND CRIPPLING SKELETAL FLUOROSIS ARE THE FIRST AND MOST OBVIOUS ADVERSE EFFECTS THAT FLUORIDE CAN HAVE ON THE BODY. RESEARCH SHOWS THAT FLUORIDE CAN CAUSE ARTHRITIC SYMPTOMS, BONE FRACTURE, DECREASE IN BRAIN DEVELOPMENT, AND REDUCED THYROID GLAND FUNCTION.

OUCH!

22-30

28-40

HEALTHY ADULT KIDNEYS EXCRETE ABOUT 50% OF THE FLUORIDE INGESTED EACH DAY. THE REMAINDER ACCUMULATES IN THE BODY ON TISSUES SUCH AS BONES AND THE PINEAL GLAND. INFANTS AND CHILDREN TAKE UP TO 80% OF INGESTED FLUORIDE INTO THEIR BONES.

41

42-43

44

THE FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION IN BONES STEADILY INCREASES OVER A LIFETIME.SOUND SAFE, RIGHT?

45

CHILDREN ARE BEING OVEREXPOSED TO FLUORIDE.ACTUALLY,

CHILDREN ARE BEING OVEREXPOSED TO FLUORIDE.

INFANTS RELY MOSTLY ON LIQUIDS, THEREFORE INFANTS CONSUMING FORMULA MADE WITH FLUO-RIDATED WATER HAVE THE HIGHEST EXPOSURE TO FLUORIDE IN THE POPULATION. 46-48

THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION AND A NUMBER OF DENTAL RESEARCHERS HAS OFFICIALLY WARNED PARENTS TO USE FORMULA MADE WITH LOW OR NO-FLUORIDE WATER.

REGARDLESS, MANY PARENTS REMAIN UNAWARE OF THE RISKS FROM INFANT EXPOSURE TO FLUORIDATED WATER.

THIS NEEDS TO CHANGE.

49-53

THIS BOOKLET CONTAINS ONLY A FRACTION OF THE RESEARCH AGAINST FLUORIDATION. IF YOU HAVE FURTHER INTEREST IN THE SUBJECT, PLEASE DO YOUR OWN RESEARCH, AND MAKE AN ASSESSMENT FOR YOURSELF.

THIS BOOKLET WAS CREATED WITH THE INTENTION OF BETTERING THE HUMAN CONDITION THROUGH AWARENESS AND COMPASSION.

SO, WHAT CAN WE DO?

FOR MORE INFORMATION AS TO HOW TO END WATER FLUORIDATION (IF YOU WISH TO) PLEASE VISIT:

FLUORIDEALERT.ORG/TAKE-ACTION

THIS BOOKLET WOULD NOT BE POSSIBLE WITHOUT THE RESEARCH OF DR. PAUL CONNET AND THOSE AT FLUORIDEALTER.ORG.

THANK YOU!

SOURCES1. National Academy of Sciences. (1989). Recommended Dietary Allowances: 10th Edition. Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council, National Academy Press. p. 235.

Additional references available at: http://www.fluoridealert.org/studies/essential-nutrient/

2. Featherstone JDB. (2000). The Science and Practice of Caries Prevention. Journal of the American Dental Association. 131: 887-899.

Additional references available at: http://www.fluoridealert.org/studies/caries04/

3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2001). Recommendations for Using Fluoride to Prevent and Control Dental Caries in the United States. Mortality and Morbidity Weekly

Review. (MMWR). August 17. 50(RR14):1-42.

4. Warren JJ et al. (2009). Considerations on Optimal Fluoride Intake Using Dental Fluorosis and Dental Caries Outcomes – A Longitudinal Study. Journal of Public Health Dentistry.

69 (2): 111–15.

5. Barnes GP, et al. (1992). Ethnicity, location, age, and fluoridation factors in baby bottle tooth decay and caries prevalence of Head Start children. Public Health Reports. 107: 167-73.

6. Shiboski CH, et al. (2003). The association of early childhood caries and race/ethnicity among California preschool children. Journal of Public Health Dentistry. 63:38-46.

7. Maupome G, et al. (2001). Patterns of dental caries following the cessation of water fluoridation. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 29: 37-47.

8. Kunzel W, Fischer T. (2000). Caries prevalence after cessation of water fluoridation in La Salud, Cuba. Caries Research.34: 20- 5.

9. Kunzel W, et al. (2000). Decline in caries prevalence after the cessation of water fluoridation in former East Germany. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 28: 382-389.

10. Kunzel W, Fischer T. (1997). Rise and fall of caries prevalence in German towns with different F concentrations in drinking water.Caries Research. 31: 166-73.

11. Seppa L, et al. (2000). Caries trends 1992-98 in two low-fluoride Finnish towns formerly with and without fluoride. Caries Research.34: 462-8.

12. National Research Council. (1993). Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride. National Academy Press, Washington DC. National Sanitation Foundation International (NSF). (2000)

13. National Research Council (1977). Drinking Water and Health, National Academy of Sciences, Washington DC: National Academy Press, 1977, 388–89.

14. NRC (2006). National Research Council of the National Academies, Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA’s Standards. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.

15. Institute of Medicine. (1997). Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary

Reference Intakes, Food and Nutrition Board. National Academy Press.

16. Waldbott GL, et al. (1978). Fluoridation: The Great Dilemma. Coronado Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas.

17. Bigay J, et al. (1987). Fluoride complexes of aluminium or beryllium act on G-proteins as reversibly bound analogues of the gamma phosphate of GTP. EMBO Journal. 6:2907-2913.

18. Bigay J, et al. (1985). Fluoroaluminates activate transducin-GDP by mimicking the gamma-phosphate of GTP in its binding site. FEBS Letters. 191:181-185.

19. Strunecka A, Patocka J. (1999). Pharmacological and toxicological effects of aluminofluoride complexes. Fluoride 32:230-242.

20. Li L. (2003). The biochemistry and physiology of metallic fluoride: action, mechanism, and implications. Critical Reviews of Oral Biology and Medicine. 14: 100-14.

21. Barbier O. (2010) Molecular mechanisms of fluoride toxicity. Chemico-Biological Interactions. 188: 319–333.

22. Matsuo S, et al. (1998). Mechanism of toxic action of fluoride in dental fluorosis: whether trimeric G proteins participate in the disturbance of intracellular transport of secretory

ameloblast exposed to fluoride. Archives of Toxicology. 72: 798- 806.

23. DenBesten, P (1999). Biological mechanism of dental fluorosis relevant to the use of fluoride supplements. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 27: 41-7.

25. Duan X. et al. (2011). Excess Fluoride Interferes with Chloride-channel-dependent Endocytosis in Ameloblasts. J Dent Res.90(2):175-180.

26. Tye CE et al. (2011). Fluoride Does not Inhibit Enamel Protease Activity. J Dent Res. 90(4): 489-494.

27. Franke J, et al. (1975). Industrial fluorosis. Fluoride. 8: 61-83.

28. Teotia SPS, et al. (1976). Symposium on the non-skeletal phase of chronic fluorosis: The Joints. Fluoride. 9: 19-24.

29. Carnow BW, Conibear SA. (1981). Industrial fluorosis. Fluoride. 14: 172-181.

30. Czerwinski E, et al. (1988). Bone and joint pathology in fluoride-exposed workers. Archives of Environmental Health. 43:340-343.

31. Schlesinger ER et al. (1956) Newburgh-Kingston Caries-Fluorine Study. XIII. Pediatric Findings After Ten Years,” Journal of the American Dental Association. 52 (3):296–306.

32. Caffey J. On Fibrous Defects in Cortical Walls: Their Radiological Appearance, Structure, Prevalence, Natural Course, and Diagnostic Significance in Advances in Pediatrics, ed. S. Z.

Levin, (New York: Interscience, 1955).

33. Mullenix P, et al. (1995). Neurotoxicity of sodium fluoride in rats. Neurotoxicology and Teratology. 17: 169-177.

34. Varner JA et al. (1998). Chronic Administration of Aluminum-Fluoride or Sodium-Fluoride to Rats in Drinking Water:Alterations in Neuronal and Cerebrovascular Integrity. Brain

Research. 78 (1–2): 284–98.

35. Ding Y et al. (2010. The relationships between low levels of urine fluoride on children’s intelligence, dental fluorosis in endemic fluorosis areas in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia, China.

Journal of Hazardous Materials. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.097.

36. Sawan RMM et al. (2010) Fluoride Increases Lead Concentrations in Whole Blood and in Calcified Tissues from Lead-Exposed Rats.Toxicology. 271 1–2: 21–26.

37. Varner JA et al. (1998). Chronic Administration of Aluminum-Fluoride or Sodium-Fluoride to Rats in Drinking Water:Alterations in Neuronal and Cerebrovascular Integrity. Brain

Research. 78 (1–2): 284–98.

38. Calderon J et al. (2000). Influence of fluoride exposure on reaction time and visuospatial organization in children. Epidemiology11(4):S153.

39. Bachinskii PP, et al. (1985) Action of the body fluorine of healthy persons and thyroidopathy patients on the function of hypophyseal-thyroid the system. Probl Endokrinol (Mosk)

31: 25-9.

40. Stecher P, et al. (1960). The Merck Index of Chemicals and Drugs. Merck & Co., Inc, Rathway NJ. p. 952

41. Marier J and Rose D. (1977). Environmental Fluoride. National Research Council of Canada. Associate Committee on Scientific Criteria for Environmental Quality. NRCC No. 16081,

Ottawa, Canada.

42. Luke J. (1997). The Effect of Fluoride on the Physiology of the Pineal Gland. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Surrey, Guildord.

43. Luke J. (2001). Fluoride deposition in the aged human pineal gland. Caries Research 35: 125-128.

44. Ekstrand J, et al. (1994). Fluoride pharmacokinetics in infancy. Pediatric Research. 35:157–163.

45. NRC (2006). National Research Council of the National Academies, Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA’s Standards. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.

46. Marshall TA, et al. (2004). Associations between Intakes of Fluoride from Beverages during Infancy and Dental Fluorosis of Primary Teeth. Journal of the American College of Nutrition

23:108-16.Martin B. (1991). Scientific Knowledge in Controversy: The Social Dynamics of the Fluoridation Debate. SUNY Press,Albany NY.

47. Hong L, et al. (2006). Timing of fluoride intake in relation to development of fluorosis on maxillary central incisors. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 34:299-309.

48. Levy SM, et al. (2010). Associations Between Fluorosis of Permanent Incisors and Fluoride Intake From Infant Formula, Other Dietary Sources and Dentifrice During Early Childhood.

JADA 141:1190-1201.

49. Varner JA et al. (1998). Chronic Administration of Aluminum-Fluoride or Sodium-Fluoride to Rats in Drinking Water:Alterations in Neuronal and Cerebrovascular Integrity. Brain

Research. 78 (1–2): 284–98.

50. Pendrys DG, Katz RV. (1998). Risk factors for enamel fluorosis in optimally fluoridated children born after the US manufacturers’ decision to reduce the fluoride concentration of infant

formula. American Journal of Epidemiology 148:967-74.

51. Fomon SJ, et al. (2000). Fluoride intake and prevalence of dental fluorosis: trends in fluoride intake with special attention to infants.Journal of Public Health Dentistry. 60: 131-9.

52. Brothwell D, Limeback H. (2003). Breastfeeding is protective against dental fluorosis in a nonfluoridated rural area of Ontario, Canada. Journal of Human Lactation 19: 386-90.

53. Marshall TA, et al. (2004). Associations between Intakes of Fluoride from Beverages during Infancy and Dental Fluorosis of Primary Teeth. Journal of the American College of Nutrition

23:108-16.Martin B. (1991). Scientific Knowledge in Controversy: The Social Dynamics of the Fluoridation Debate. SUNY Press,Albany NY.

THANKS FOR READING.