INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ELECTRICALWORKERS

FULL CITIZENSHIP CONFERENCE

~ MARCH 31, 1965

~y good friends. This is the third time

I've had the honor of addressing your Full

Citizenship Conference. And each time I come

here I am reminded of just how much we owe to

Labor and to the IUE.

The world has changed a great deal in the

past 20 years, and there are those who haven ' t

kept up with change . But the labor movement

in this country has not been backward. And it

has not been timid . You have led the way toward

progress .

~Today American Labor is helping to meet

here at home two of the challenges of our time :

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~the war on poverty and the struggle to achieve

democracy for all Americans. But I don't have

to be reminded that this is nothing new. More

than 150 years ago American Labor was fighting

for abolition of child labor .. . for free,

compulsory education . .. for workmen ' s compensation

. • • for equitable tax laws • •• for the right of

workers to bargain collec~ly . And for many

decades the labor movement has fought for civil -rights and social justice. All of us are in debt -for what you have done, and what you continue to d~

~ Yea, American Labor has kept up with change .

Let ' s look back to 1940 and remember how things

were in some unions then . I remember a good deal

of self- centered unionism . Some called it business

unionism. Others call ed it bread-and-butter unionism . .. Whatever you call ed it, it ' s gone today.

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~ I also remember in 1940 some isolationism

in American Labor. But today it is gone .

~ American unions know they live in one world :

one world at home and one world overseas~You

know the industrial union slogan is true: 11 We

are citizens first and unionists second . 11 You

know that what you do has its effect on the whole

American nation. You also know that what happens

elsewhere in this country has its effect on you .

~ By the same token, you know that isolationism

for nations - - and for trade union movements -­

~e~.~ains by American Labor are gains for

other union movements. And the achievements of

other free labor bodies are achievements for you .

~ You can be proud of what our Democratic Labor

movement has done to l ift American living standards

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••• security ••• national unity~You can be

proud too of what American Labor has done to

sustain free labor movements in other places

especiall y in the new, emerging nations .

~Another important thing you have done is

to support the liberalization of world trade .

~You have supported this principle through the

administrations of Presidents Roosevelt, Truman,

Eisenhower, Kennedy .. . and now in the Johnson

Administration .

~ It is indeed one world. And it ' s a world

which cannot bear the burden of barriers among

free nations.

~ The IUE is to be commended for its pioneer

exchange programs with counterpart umians in

Japan and Great Britain.~ hope other unions ........

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will do more of the same. You are breaking down

barriers to understanding.

commend the IUE for its continued

support of breaking down barriers to trade.

~You know that barriers to trade can be

ruinous.~e 1 ve had too much experience in this

world with them. High tariff walls mean

isolationism. Isolationism can mean resurgence

of an unhealthy kind of nationalism. And this is

exactly what we don't need in this nuclear age.

~ Of course, liberal trade is a two-way street.

It involves some risks. But I can tell you this:

your problems as a union and as workers would be

far more numerous than they are today if we started

a contest with Japan or with our allies in Western

Europe to raise tariff walls and import quotas.

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~t1 s say, for instance, we erect a wall against

Italian sewing machines. The next thing you know

you might hear about the cancellation of an Italian

order for a turbine or a generator. Let's say we

make barriers against Japanese transistor radios.

~It would be just as easy for our Japanese friends to

keep out refrigerators, washing machines, heavy

machinery -- things that you produce.

~Thousands of ~ in the electrical industry

and millions of jobs in this country -- depend on

export trade.~This country s~s far more overseas

than we buy from foreign producers. We have a very

healthy trade balance~ And that .trade balance is

getting better year by year. For the fact is that

~ no other country in the world has efficient and

labor and industry as we have here.

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~Foreign producers do have advantages in~ product or another .~t ov~ll, the United

States has been the big gainer in world trade .

~ We cannot afford to jeopardize our position .

We must continue our efforts toward even greater

reduction of trade barriers in the Kennedy Round

trade negotiati on now going on in Geneva.~

successful Kennedy Round will have great rewards

f or American Labor and the American economy . And

it wil l add to the security of all free nations.

L I ask your continued support for this program.

This is one more pl ace where the American Labor

Movement can show its leadership to those who l ag

behind .

ADDHESS lW

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to

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IlJ?2~lTAt;:IOH\~ IInJ \.Tas:'lingtoa, D.C. :~arc:1 30, 19G5

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:;: t:um::: you. i;y gooc fricnC: ·Ji::: Cm·c:t nn<1 t:~c f'::'fice:..·s cna oe::.!'Je:;.·s of t:~e :'J:. I ~:as ~tw-'- as::c C: ns : ".;:".G n.~)'1:::.t tn iJe int:..·out'.Ccc, il' : ..,·oulu ca:..·e to ~!ave l u:.-.c:: ::n.c' : s ~.:..c: rc . t:1at : 1 u just :1o.d a bo1·;: o:: sou·, a.nc t:·at ~ic -..:1 ~ :'!<:.7t. ,o su_:.. ~ r::1is ;1as l.>ccn one o~ t:1o::oc :,"tlSY .=:o:·nin::;s, a:aC :. 1:n.:; ~ .... i ·i;t~c , ·uo:·:;.·:.cc:, Ji:.::, as to ·ubct:~ c:· C):;.· not : 1 C "VC" ~)() in si~n.pc to co ~~ere i)CCD~~~e : ".Tent 'to t:1c dentist early ·;:: s ~o:::Tinc anc: ~::ter : ~. ::..:10 a ce:;.· ::ein n.: :o;.mt o:Z construction uo:-I: :"'t:··for• · r"~ - on ·;;:lin tal::i '1G a:1~a:·at•!s -I 11asn 1 t c:.ui tc sure : uot:.l<J be able to ·a::c :. "t. Dt~t, ..,,-;_ t:~ :,·oe:· tm~:e:rstanclinc; anC your ::iucness, :.n rn::o:·cr.cc to :·::;r ta:;:c1inca:::: :1c::-e anc! so:·.:eiJbat inca~acitated, ! tl"t!Gt t~!C.~ .10,: ;rill jt:c-t ·_1ut u:1 11it:1 1:.;0 :Zo:· t~1e feu ~o~ents t:;D:t 1:e :1a-:re .

T~is iD t~e t)ir~ ti~e ~~nt : ~ave hnC the o~,ortunity o:: ~.ct!rnssin.::; ti1e Pt::!.l Ci tizenc::::. . C on:Ze~encc, m;C eoc:~ -~:.:.:.1e is c. s:yecial t:1:·:.11 to :..:e anc! a ve: ~- svcc:!.al 9len:::u:·e .

I :1o.vc ~Jefo:-e uc an5 e.:.·'>unC:: :..:c, so:Je ve:-:,r close anc1 Cear friends . Unless I for~et it, ~:Z :;: )avcnlt seen you since t~at e~.'ent:Zul c1a:,r in ::ove:.:!0er, L:a:.r ::.;: once t:l.GO.in than:: :,·o:1, t:1an:.: :lou ve17 C.'!ch, ~or 1·1!1o.t you CiC:: in t:1e election in 19G4. . (il..??~L~S3) I ::to1: tl:at I can carry t~at 2essa;:;P to you :Zroo not onl:7 tl~e Vice ?resident, but even :..:.ore i::.!:Jo:~tantly, fro;..: t'i.1e r>:..·csic1e~1t of t:1c Uni t~C States and f:-ro~ a st:bs tantinl nu:.J1)c~ o::: the ::e:.:!JeTs o:: ConGress .

So I no ah:ays reoinaec 1·1ben I n:>:HHl.r before you of :1o;·; ou0h ·ue 01·1e you and llo11 :...:.uci1, in fact, t:1at 11c oue to tbe organized labor uovcnent in tbis country, in teras of ou~ political help ana our econouic wcll-b~ing.

I have been here in ~!ashin~ton nou for a. little oyer lG :,rears and a Great <leal rw.s :1nn,)enot: i.n t!.o .: ~(i . en · ·. J11 t to .. !3 c it ~uite clear t~at I a~ n;~ tal~ing about t~~ c~nnges anC ~a~?enings onl:,7 in :.:.y 16 yea:;:-s, let oe sa:' t!lnt in t!~cse :nts-;; 20 :,·ears a great <Jeal :1as ha·1"t')ened. So2e ·)eO,)le !r:wcn' t ::c >t t!"? to t~cr::e c:1t11lGCO and ot:lc:&.~a have . - • - - - •

T!1c lo.".Jo:: :::107e:....:ent in t:1is cot'!.nt:..·y :a1s beoi.: ::ee?in:; ste,, anc: it has not bee~1 l.>a.c:...\·7arc 9 anc :. t ~1n.s nQt :Je0n ·;;:f.:..:ic:, in ::"act,: c~n sa:; ~1n:;:-e be:Zo:·e :,•ou anc! to the A:...:e:-ic-an Y''O)le, t:1a"t :,7 0\.~ ::Jave led t~1e :~at:1 of :;:;:-o;;ress - yo;.1. ~)a·1e been ont in :Z:;:-ont . ?::is at ti:..:es has ~;nuse{! cont::cove::-sy n.nc~ at ti:2es I:as :Jrot:.::;:;t t::1on :·or: t::P. '"rn.t:1 o:Z t::os~ t:1at ·un.ntec1 to stand st:.11 anc~ tr::·n :)ac:: t:~e cloc:: o: ti:..:e . D'..1.t 70..__1 :1avcn1 t let t~1at C:ete:· ";/OU one' bit - yot: 1 ~,e ;..:ovec1 on . I 11ou1c1 s'\:7 today t:1at t:1e Ane~~ican lal)or :..:o"10L:ent is hcl:)illb t:s significant:y to ooet ~ro c~allcngos on t~e ho~e 1ront ana ~ot~ of

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ti1cse t;:~~llenr;cs :H1.v:..n[; C:ircct n:1d i::~c1ircct e:L::'ccts o:1 t:1o ~oreir;n "f~~o~r·· n·, ... ·r...,.~ .t\'"\ T)onc·~.J..~, ~7 0'''-c one o·., t''e no1t1•1tccrs l.'n t•,.;s -- .. v • ... ~ .. v .. c;...L '-'1'-, J..V .. ,-, ~"-·.A. L- _ • .J, _.... •· .. ..&...

'\'7<11", n;:.C t::e GtruGt:;lc to ac:1icvc cc:.:oc:ro.cy anC full ::rocCo:...: :Lor all .!' .. :.:c:~ica!lS .

I con•t :1a\·c to :-cci::1c: you about t:~cse 0attles, t:~ey':~c not:~inG neu to : 1 o't'!.. Lo::.~e t:~:.n 150 yco.:-s a.:;o L-.c:-icm: ln.:)oT l10.S .n.;,..•.•.;·~- .,.o·· .J..''c "')o1->-I·.J.·o·~ o"' c··''l. . ., ~ l...,~ ... o- It "·T~" "'eau~l.·n·· tr1"' ..!..-~!- ""..L.i.Li_:, ...;., .1. v... t~i. --·""' J.- .:._ ... - '-.... c;,..I.J..,/ -. \ <..:...., ...... . u - 5.4

l,!'\ ... tl C ·"o- .r.:L.'C" co· '')t'l"o··v n•1,,~ .,..t ·· 011 -~o-~ "lo .... '·•··etl"' CO 'l)envr-~tion Uc.o. lf - ...a.. -. ..,.. '-" ' ·-~ • v J.. ., '-- "" · ... - ~.. - ' ...L. - \ J.. -- iO:> - _ u c.;.. '

fo:- ec.:.·:i ta"ble "'.;~.:: l~us 1JascC n~)O!l t ::!e a0i:.i ty to :n1y, ~nc :Zol- t:1c i~ic~~t o:Z '::o:-!..:e:~G to o:·;nnize nne: to hx..~gain collcctivc:y. :JmJ all o:Z t::.e :>e :.o:1;_;-tc~~:...: gon.lo :1c.7c a Great :1i stol"y in t:1e la0or !.:love~ent. 'i1.1C"' 1· ..,,,., ·,~,..n ..... nr.l·J..·,er, ,. .,.. .JO"r.l t l.·n t'•r-.. 'n··,., tt,·ig l.·~ not to S"Y ..,., ;; t· · ~ '"'~~ ··· ..._ Y"Ub ...., "lJ ... .,u ,~..,-,\.~ • ..,_\ _r..,_-r.f.; ........ .., t. c..

t:1o.t t::.e:·c is no roo::: ~o:;.~ i~:.,:..~ov c:.:ent, because QUite Cefinitcly oul" t~! 1~10 need constant rcc~c~ina~ion and re-adjuot~ent and su:-cly it can ~e said thet t~crc ic a nee~ fol" iuproveoent in our educetiou enC in our eC:ccational otructu7c. Dut let it ~e saic1 t:1at t:~e labo:· :.::ove:...:ent !M.s no·~ onl~r :Zot"!.C!~t ~o::.- ·u:1at n.l"e t:1e trnc:.:+.:ol1'·1 ":1"'1ect" o·~ o·~r:-"11-;Z...,.;' l !:\~•o·~ t:'!'.J. -; .. t~'le -~.;,.,,t to '- -v ..... t_......_ '-~- ..,) 4 J._b(A. - \.1'\...4 _,_.t.,J • - -•c..;.;.\1 •~, "" "'--b ...... -;""~ ....... ,.."-; 1 + .. '\. 1"'\ .. ""l.. , ... ,t to .,....,_",""l.. "I'\, "'l'u~ t'•e ..,_,.,, C"' "'lG~ ··c~,lat-i 011 ... vc ..... t:,c. __ ~ u •• ., ..1. l..>.. 0.:. t;;,u-.o. ~ ~~ ' n... ·• ... ~.l. "" u. .L e>"· - i:>

t?.1at ~- c:·tain to 't:o1·l::in.:; eom:i tions- but t~e ise:::-ic~n !abo:· t!ove:.Jent, as c--:r~·-)o1·· ,.,er~ '"'nc, .:..~''"'" -~; ec" !-.. , +··c .;.U., ·,~s 'oec,l ')""l.. !J"""i hr COl1 Ce-nec1 < ""'J"'-· ___ ,\,. u • lJ.,_J_ ..... _ ~J ..., ..... - ..,j' .... ~ .. .L- (t...L. -J - -

ai)out :Jette-..· livi:1G stancm·cs, IJct .... c:r conditions o:Z ~1·ceclo:.J ::or

l al~ :.:..:ericnns, "tJo:~l:cro anc no"l~Jo:~::t :i.'s alil::e, o~c;anizcc and un­orGar..izeC ali::e.

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It is t~is concentration u~ou the full citizen ancl u~on all ci ti::ens t:1 at 11ac ~)-..~Ot!Ght to t:"'!c J.~·lCrican la7)o~· r:o·; er::en-: t!1e recpcct anC t:1e con::iCc!:ce t:~at no-.;"7 :):·evn.ils in this nat:on, :i.-elating to ouT ~reat ::o:~ecs o~ oJ.~Gan:..::ed la;:>o:i.·.

:~ou ::.;n.ny of ~7 0:! in t:"'!i~ vo:·:' o:~:_:~!liza-'.;ion, cnC :::ai.l7 of yot~:~ 'P~et:eces"o'"" ·'"o.,,.1 ... ""o·" c-=·_,.;, .. .; ,.,, .... s '"1' ... -:-o-- "oeinl J·u,...tice ?or .:... - ~ - ...., , • '"·v· v ..:.. - _ v .- _ • - ~·· u , ....... '- _ .... u c: ...., •

CccaCcc, it's no nnu e=~~l"ien~e fo= you. Ana all o:Z us, I 7e~eat, o..~e in yot~l~ C:c0t fo:;.· u:~at :;o-:.: :~.:we cone ~nd all of us o.sl: you to contint'!.e doinG uba·i.; yot: :1avo been doinG.

lTou let i:!e just 9oint t 'le U1 • .;.:..CC~ <"'+at"'S +'~is "'Cl'Y - ~ -L- 1.. v IJ<: " ' "•·- '

,rocra~s for social ~rocrcss action. : S:Jcnt !)ettcl~ tl~aa le aCe:::-s o:S: t::c House aD.( t:w

o:'!.t t:mt ri~ht nm.- in t:1c Con(;:.~css o~ -"' .,.., t•-..;"" -;·c,~y ~-Tee'~ ·'"'"' ··--~re i'"''1ort~nt '-'-J ' ... , ..... ~ 'I ... ' _, •f'-; --'-" -. G4

~:nitin~ action or co~~letion o::' ~:o ~ou:-G o~ t~is ~o7n~nG ~it~ t~e Scn~te . in t~e o:::-~ce o~ t~e ?resident .

~.;i t:1 t::0 :?:·csident o::' t:~e ~:1i ted StateD as t:~e leaC:c:· <:'..s::inG t:~of;c .:..c::.Cc:~!:> o.Z t:~c t":!o :.o "'..t~c o o:;: Co:1t;rccs am~ his \.rice :>resident to see to it t:-:at t:w ):~oG:;.~a.::.; t~1o.t h.ns 0een laic1 ~cfore t::1e Contiress, t:1at t:~at :_):; . .-ocrc.::I beco:Je la-:7.

l:o':: 1·:e l vc naCe :?l~Ol:,l"CSG ~ "\·:c 'vc :>acsed l'17::>aln.cl1ia, 'l·!hich re:?resents a c1etcruincd nnd cor~ccnt:~ated effo:::-t to C::o so::.:ethinG a bot~ t a rc:;ion in t~1i s natio1! ~:~at t:1:·our;:1 no ~aul t o::' its o~m ~ns bee~ victi~ized b7 econo=ic fo~ces n~d social ~orces thnt have ta::e!l. o. tel"ri;)lc toll in tc::.~:Jc of :·n.'..:.:an l7elfa:;.·e anc1 econo:.::ic '!_)~OG:-ess.

Onl:r t!1e ot:1e1~ Cay 1~'c :w.soecl in the ::ot!se of ::e')resentati ves the b~oo.Ccst, t~e :oost co~'):::-ehcnoive ~cc1cral Aia to 3~ucation :?ro~ra~ t:1at :1a!3 eve~ heen prescntec1 to t:1e Cong:::eos o:~ ev.ro:· 1)0.SSec1 a IIo:.!Se in Con.:;:·ecs. Anc1 t:~nt bill "_)n.socc1 uit:1 a =n.jo~it:r o::: 100, t:~o.-~ ~ill is :Je:fo:~o t:~e 'Gni tee States Senate in O!'l o::>:1:~o~n~io.tc co:!:..:i ttcc. :.'ortnna-'..;e~:,r it's in t:~e lla:1cs o:L n. !.:na 1·1::o ::co ectn.~lic:~cC ~o::.~ !!i:::Gel ::: a 1·ceo:~c o::· ac!1ieve:..:cnt in :.:a!ly ~:-ecs, anC ~1£'..:-~icu la:·l:' in t:!e :::i ela o~ ec1nca'!;:..ou, : ~.-e::'e:;.~ to Sene. to:· Uayac i:o:~cc.

Sci!C:.to:~ i1o~se hn.n !:ladn it c:.·ystal cletn- 11o::.·::ing l~i tll t!1e le aC:cr::.:11:) o:: t:1e Senate, that this bi 11 ui 11 :Jc re:;o:· tecl ,l-o!.::~)tly ::::~o:_: ti1e Lnuor ant! ':Tel:Za:..~e Co ·1:!i ttoe o~ t:1~ United States Sena·tc.

J· .. nc it 11ill co:.Jc bc:Lo:-c t:1e Sonate, nnd :;: as:: t~~is ol"t:;m~izn.tion, t:1ose of :.'ou at t:~is Ci tizens~1 i 11 Con::·c:.~c:1ee to see to i·:; t::at t:w.t 1-.:11 i.., ')n"'"CO mo ""'ee .J..O l. . .J. t;-1...,·'· .; .... l.. <:- n-.t c···., .... c·•" ""terl t•,!:lt 1· t u..:.. -..J ,..u-lko) • .l. ...J \J u • "-•U _..., .;;J .t-v -'-·..;J '"'"'-~ ~, ... c_ ic r.o ... v r.:..:enCcc in any suc~1 -r.1::q nn to li:.:i-: its ' e:L:S:ectiveneGs. "i'-~.~ ·-l·r i"' l•e co•l1r1 ""'a"" .... .,~ T'ronse 1'i 11 !.\l" .;(' ~ ,,.;.t.;lOtl.J. !"'ll"' ..__"-"1~ ... J) _..:., • • "-.. -\,..; ;__J, ~ v ... ,. ;._ '"· U--~ c.;~ ...... ~, ,, J. \1.. U l..4. .i a.:·:end:.::cnts, "!.'C 1:ot~~C :1ave !:.!ac1c a c:~en.t r:;a:U.1 in t:~o ~iclc! o::Z e:Ct~c::::tion ::'o:~ t:~o L..!erican ::>eo:_)~e.. 1:ost ,a:..~tie:uln:·ly for· on:· :·oung !)c 0!_1le :::.:~c~ even ~o:~e sit;ni:Zie~mtl:,r fo:;: tl!o3e 11:10 ::~'i·e lh:C:l t~~c

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victios of~da~~ivation or inade~unte education.

So Ji:J, I 1·tant you to call U!'On you:r oe~bers as I L11ou you have, bu~ Co it once aGain to hn:p us ana to hel? t~e~selves and to bel) t:1c:.:~ neighbo::::-s anc1 to :1el1_) tl1ei1~ coun~ry by stre:1.::;ti~eninc; the institutions anc the facilities o:: edt.:cation. Dccause truly education is the nc11 1HHtl t:~ ant oct:c~·ti.on is t~e nm·J :)ouer, ecuca­tioa :re~1:;.~csents t!lc real sotu·ce of n c-;·r ueal t:1 nne:! "DOUCr. JU7~ an~r r~~tion tllllt see::s to ~.:.ve ecouo:...:ic ~~:-ot:;ress :.:ust be an ecucc.tec -­nz.tion. And any nation t~1at see::s to defend i tsel1 ana p:rotect its f:reeC::o~ cust have an eC::t~catec1 '9eo:_1lc.

1!e have too san:y 11eO~)le in A!:lel"ica. that have been ClCI"!.iec1 t:1e bG~G~itL o: nn e2ucation. ~~o~c in ~o roo~ ~or illiteracy in a nation ~:')at p::-ides i tsel:f u:)o:"!. its enl i~ht!:len t .

A~c tbe::-e is no roo~ ::or seconc1 - c!aEs citizenship in a nation only one citi zenshi~ .

And t~c only nnm1er to i!lite:racy nna second- class citizeu­s:1ip is to :~a::e aTJaila7Jlc to eve::-~' pe:~con, Yet::;rccJlccc o:: recion, rec;a::-c1less o:: -:-a.ce, colo:--, c::reeC:: or nc.tional o:-ic;in, to ::..:a::o a~laila~Jle to t:lat inui vidt!al all ar:.C: :Zull ar!d oN:al o·1no:~tuni ty in eVP.l'J 1m1:: o:: 1 i:Ze. (L::?:.>!J•-~82) ~ --

~:y 1TiencJs of tl~is Ci tiseas:li'1 Confe:tence other bills aYe befcre us. ~.Tould you l~ave ever cl:..~on~Gc1 1i ve ~rears at;o, t:~::-co ;,'on:rs a:;o, ten yea:-s at;o, t:1<1"!; you cot!lc1 :1ave a :.JecJica:~o, a hos:_Jital ::me hoal th hill, the li~es o:: ·t:-~"!ici~ !1as been :;,-econt:::r re:.~oz-"!;ed ::':ro~ t:1e Ilot!Se Uays a!1c': I:e~n~ Co~i "'~-:;ec.

' .. re i:n:t•e :Jade ~)l"O~:cc sc, u .. Pninc; elections docs :Jean so:.Jet~linG. ~I e I: ave uolCed !_)Ublic o:_Jini on a!"!.C yot'!. llnve been in t!:e fo:refront of it. ::'ot: ::ave ::el;_)ed leaC t:1is :::1~:1 t of eCucnti!1G t~1e A:.:!e:rical'-pcoJ:!.e as to -;;:1ei:~ social resJOi!ni:Ji:i ty. Lnc1 tl1e I!ousc o:: ~e'?::esen­tatives ~as rc~orted one of t~e :..:oct co~)re~ensivc vrocra~s of :1eal t:~, :1on1)i ta~ anc~ m.::-sint::; :'!o:.!c i nsL'..:ral~ce, o:.: m.1rr;io al and cedico.l apr' '10'"''")i ........ 1 c~·~e ·"o-~ 1)0""'0'1 .... ..,,.,.e G5 ~,lrl o"(rn.-- ~'--a+ '"'lly COtlll+-,..-r -'- • ,.) - - V c;..~.. ~r,..:.. _ ' ..... - - - v L. v Ut_; c ....... \J • \~.,j.. V-• V ~ - V..&. J

anJ71·r:1e:;:e in ·.;:1e uo::."lc :1au e"'Je:~ C::i'Ga:!eC possi.hle.

:To":T 1ie'~c goii'!L; to :;u.ss t~1at 'Dil:!. and ue'::-e coinc; to ryass it in t~~e ::Ol'!.Gc o~ :-:cryre sentat:. vcs ':.!i -'.;:1:..11 t:1e ne::t 10 (:a:rc. (L~?:AUS3) !~nCl t:1e:1 :!. t is c;oi:J.~ to co...:e t<' "'·.:~e -u·n:. tee~ St~tcs Senate and t:1e::.-e it '~ill ::.-ee:C::::.ve o:;ce c.c.;ai:1 as 1-'.; ::·.:.!.' i-:.1 ·L:~e :;ast f::-icndl:,r concicle:;.~ation. :"..l'!C ::: :1:"ec~ie:t t~:a·~ :Je::o:·e t:!e :Z. :·st v::' Lc.~' t:H~.t t:1e ::>:~es:.tent o:Z t:1c U:-:.~ 'tee :::;"'..;a"'.;e:') ·uill :nwe on :~i ~ ,_c·c~: -:·:e n:·o.::;:~n:..: on ::osry::. tal anc l1'1""t"-i 1'~ ho···r,('o r~nc" . '"'r'O: cnl c .... , .. ,.l.cle~· ~oc~ ~., 0 "'0'' __ .; J..,, ;,oc-> "1

""·- Y---0 •• ..__\.,;l....,l u . -....v'-- ~ u..;.. \..; "' -. _.. '-' - '-.. .- v~ ~.,.. ___ - vJ , ~ ...... ~-

i~~U~anCC ac CesiGnec1 in t~e =ouse o:: ~e):reccntati7ec, t~e Douce ~r;:;.-,,.., "'l'L ··en~ ...... Co .. .,,.; +tr·e all'~ +•,,,.:- +·Jc "'lc,c·~l·-r "1"'0')le o·"' 1 .. ,e,..; ca '• rJ- ~- •- "·"'- -.1.-.l.V \..,#' ~ .JJ..<..,.ItJ v .. \,::;;: . --.,. _v .- ..L -··• -- ..,.

"dll a"",,. ..... 'J"' :=~'Jle .... o e>r..e "-- ~-, o·"' ''o·1c .:n .... ·,e .... TJil1.·~.T, .• o·-> _,_.,e-t·· \•--- ""-t.-vti.'-'C .. ~- iJ 0\V C-L-..t.-,.J .,__..,_- lJ-.. V\- y-.1...,- 1./__..._.J.

lives, in t:!e C::f'.:'a c:Z t:~ei:~ ::-et:.:;.~c.:ent, u:1en t~~e:r ~o:re t:wn at any ti~e neeC t~at hel~.

Go r:e cioare ir.; on t:1e uoc::et, t;Cuontion to be pn.ssecl, anc1 ·t1:1a t el~c - ue::l uc Ilc.vc a :1ost o:: bills covcrin.::; oi..::~ ci tics, ou:~ m.<nm c1cvelo:)!Jent, 011..:~ :1o"...!Si:1t;, ou.t· tLthan :rcneual, conservation, a.::;::ionl ture, o. full '9roc:;,·z_:_ be:2ore t:1e Cont;rcss. 'l'l'!i s is yoiu~ ConL;re~s, :ron :1e:!.~)ec1 (1lect it. Tl1is ?:resident is co!.!D.itted to t:~is ~)TOL;l"a:..., he se!lt it to us anC '\le a:re goint:; to see to it t:1at this i' .. u:~inintration, t:1e :?:resiC:ent ~~rncou Jo:·mson, uill be ::no~·m as t~e 11 ?:::-ccdo~ !..dcini st:~ation 11 , ui l ~ be ln1o1vn as t:1e l..c1~inist::;:-ation of o):)o::-tt'.ni t:r. I ~):nedict t:1at ti~e :1i sto~y boo::s o:Z L...:.erica uill carry a cL1nptc::- in 't1:1ic:1 t:1ey S'!)ea:.: o:Z and u1~i te o:: ?recic.:ent J o:·mnon as t:1 c 11 ::t'r6cco:..J '2:re sident" ancJ ?::-o :::;ic.:en t J ohna on as t:~e "0~)~)o:ttnni ty P:roci.ten t :'" nee at'.se this J .. c1r~ini s t:::a ti on is c OL!Di ttcc1 to e:::Hmc: inc; t:1e .::·ontie:~a o:Z o~1)0::!:'trmi ty anc'i it is oout:i "!;ted to t:w :~:;,·otection <:me t:o:.:'er!.cc nnc1 inCeed tho c:·:"?ansion o:Z the areas o~ freeC::o~.

T:lis is u:1at t :1c education bill is nll aJOt!~ O:J:Jo:~ t:'!.nity aP.d frr:P.Co.~. ·' 'Jc::-son is no·::. f:..·cc ;(;en !~e ic il::.i-te:·nte m::.c: tmt:·n.::.ncd. A pc.:::-~on :~e.G .. :1~ o~T:.1ortEni ty, no ~ec.l O~)!;)O-:tteni t~r u:~on :10 .1 ns been CcnicC aa 09J07tun~ty to t~a:.n ~i~ce:: ~o:;:- 09~0:::-tuuity, ~ ~c~son :~c..s l~.ttlc o:- no :Z:-eec~o~ if :~e :L~ tiH~ vic·~L: o~ i:!.lne~s m:C: c.:1n.~Jlc to n"v' -t~··e coco .... J·1,,~ ....... .;,. t·'e -~-:c'"'c,...t CO''ll .... ,~-r on t''c -~nee o-~ t··c _ ~J v-. v \1 • ...... \... v-4 ...L U ' -· - ~ -"" v - ... v_ J .... - '- ...- ... ~

e: a:-t:!, acvm1oe:cl in se::. e;noc nne: tco:1no locy, 021.1 a~fo:;:c1 ~o~:: ·):~i vc.tel~r ar .. C. Dt!:Jlicl], to nee: to it t:1at justice :1rc~1nils nno to see to it

- 4 -

t!~~.t the yc>ung n:·e given eve:-y op~Jo:;.~tuni ty to ::.::a::e sooetbin::; ont of t~eir lives. Anc1 to ~ee to it t:1at t~;e elclel~ly are t::teatec1 ·ui t~1 the c1ir;ni t:r one the :·ec:Ject t:~ at a cecent \";l~oleao!.:!e sociEt:' ot:c:;:1t to ')roviue foi..· it~ senio::: cit:zcna. l!e cun Co all o~ t!~iB cnc1 !1ave :.)lcnty :..:o:te le~t ove:· to !::ee:J .!'~:Je::-i ca :..:ovinc:; ::oYUa:i·cl econo: :ically a~1c"! sociclly .

.. l)clieva t::.c~ -:;:~e ~cct i:!-=x..~cssivG c1e':relo"J::cr~t o: 4.~eccnt :,rear~ is t:1e reco;;r..i tio:1 by ou:· ::iesic1Er ... t anc1 t:1e leaC:e:..·s of tl~is countr:', in labo::- anc1 in 0t:siness and in t~1e '"roluntary o:rc~.niza­tions, tl~a·0 w:1ile 1-1e aTe ueal ti1y n~:.c1 ·i1:1ile ocr gross nntionnl nroCuct iacr-eases anC \Tilile t::Je n:·ofi ts inc:r-oa.se and the di vic1ends inc~~ease cnC: trw 11ages increaiJc, .. t~w.t ·v::i le all o::? tlli s :ul.ppcns ·u:1i le ue are en~ oyinc; unp:;.·eceC.:cntec :_J:ros,el·i t-:-l that ..._.,e :mve also been v..':Jle to ascel·-tain t:18. t ~o2e 'J~onle l:avc not been t:;e bene­ficiaries of t~~~ g~eat developue~t ~f econo~ic Grmft~ ana afflu­ence. 0'1: to :mt it anothc:;..~ ~Jay, "t·J!~:!.le 1'10 ::nou \lc I :;.· e rich 1·1e also :.:no-;1 t:mt 1·1e ure ~)oor. U:1ilc 1:e ::Eo-:l t:1at uany ble~sings :1ave 'been ou::-s 1·1e !.:nou that oany blo::;sir..:;~ have ::..o·~ cou€ to SOL!04

The (~t'!.03ti o:l :laS bCCl'!. r. s::ocl} (;D.ll A:.:.:tc:::ioa iJe )::'OS:?Cl"OUS fu"'ld st:2..ll :~a-.;e c. conscience? : t:~i:1:: j'OU have e::.s::ed of yo\.~l"self, coes it t<:L.:e a do9:;.·ession, clcQs i·c ta:~e a :..·eocssion, c1oes it tal:e t:Aot::J:!.c t:~ :::~::e us c1o ;1::at ·uc o-:..1~llt to c1o? Does it ta::e a i'er.J•Aef"<'.:(j'"' '10C" -l-~ ta:..,-e "''"1'\~(::~'"'-iQ•' -'·o "l"''·c >)Q llAVe 8 Q""UC>C 0"'-t> \,..: .. - -o- -'.' '- v ...L.tl - a-'--\,; o.IL.)- ....... l; _c;.i,...L- ..... o c 0\,;.i 0

s oci~l coascience? !:.:nc : t~1:.n::: ti;c anm1e:;,A nou cones bac:: - NO.

~To a:·e no .. ~ go in.:; to be ::.:oti v~:0eu· o-:.1t o~ !:'.ncu~::::1 end fea:;:-, 11e 1·1ill 'Je :.:10tivatec1 ot'!.t of a r.cr.8e o::: fo.i::nesc F.:.nc! ~Hstice, J~nc the .:;:·eat t:~inr; a":Jo-:..:t the ~var o:1 iovc:::t:;r" is that it is ;Join.:; concuc~ed at the ve~y t~~e t~~t nost ~cople coula ~ave icnoreC: t:~e :.Ln.ct o:: :;>overt:'. ?Jt~t t:~e:- dicJnl·~, ~ Gove:~n::Jent o:: t:~e ~H~o:)le, h:; t~1e )eo:Jle and fo:.: t:~e peo:;:.e sr..·~.c"! t:1Qt it -eras coin.:; to co so:2et:~i~1c; ~·o:r t~1e 'JeO"!Jle tho..t ::ac 'bccc :.):''1C.nceC: o:· ·u:10 l7e:::-e t:~e Victil2S 0:::' t:~e rapit chnn.:;es 0:2' o::!:· f.:ooic~;:r . \!e a:;:-e :n"OVill~ t:1at a f-:·ee !_JGOlJle can also be a co~:_Jacs:!.on2.-~G :1eo)le m1c t2at :Z:;.·ee )eople can l)e ju~t, t:1at 11e x:-e o;.nA ::,:::ct!:.e:;,·~ :::ee)c::, end t!1at selfis:;ness is not t:1e cent::-a:!. t!1c:.:e o~ r.. ·J:~oc'Je:Lot!C society. Dt!t t~ult tlle:r-e ic :t nence of :m.Dcn:!.·:::r anc 1Telfnxe of co:.:.;passiou, of hu~ani tarian t:1at sti 11 ncti vates t~'!e A~!c:·ican pecple even u:1cn t~1ey live in tmbeliovable h-.:.a::;.7 ond ·ueal tl1.

,.. t:1inl:: this is a gooc1 ci.:;n :Zo:· !l..l:lel·icc. anc1 1I:1at's !:lo:·e, : t:~).n:: it tells so::.:.etllinG to t~1e l~est o:: ti1e uorlc1. Decan~e re~el:!0er Llost o:: t:10 Test o::? t.1e 1Jo_·lc1 is TJoor nnc1 t!1e;,r are 1m.tc:1in.:; us, t:1e ;:>eople i<: t~ese IJOOJ." anC: :?OVo::.·ty st~·i::en a:·eas. T~1ey Ire ·uo:J.ce::ing u:~ct:1e::;.· or not t:1is rieL :~:..1e:·ica caros :Zo:;,· t:1e ,oo:r . s::1e:r 1 re 11onCe::;.·ing 11hether OJ.~ not t:"c ..;::; fai.!i lies -.;.::~o can nf:LD:i.·d to sene~ t:1ci:.~ sons anc1 c1auGhtcrs to e::''c.Hlsive tmive::.:-si ties cm~e fo:i~ t:!ose u:1o ha-:.re no ccu.c2.tion. Theyt:-~ \Tondc::rint; w:1ctl~e:A or not uc reall:' ::.:e:an l7h3. t ue sa7 i-Tht-:.1 ue tal:: about one nation, uncle:r Goo, inc1ivisi'!.>le, 1·1i·~:1 libert-:r anc1 justice ::?o::- all.

And : a:: ha,~:;· to :;.~e!)O}'t to yot: tociny t:~::tt ·ue C!o cv.:::-e. I t~-:in:: t~1i s i c L!o:.·e pol7el"l't'!.l t:1.:tn any 11CO.:JO'l. t:;at ue 1 ve eve:· ere a tee"!. ~o:"i s thoUGht t!1a t 1.}n ccro, tl!i 8 -;,:~onGl1t ti1at ue 1 re con­ce::-ncd. l!ot onl:' do 110 care rtr.c~ no7. onl:: a.t.·e \Je concernecl, :mt t:~at 110 11·e doinc; so:..:et:1i-:.1.::; rbo::t it! I believe t:~at t:1is is t:1e aeoret o:: otc s-',;:·en.:;t:1 a..11c~ t:1c ~ccYct o~ or:.:· :Joue:·.

P.nc1 you i:'l tl1:.s ;:_;rev..t :lOVC!Jent l~f'.":'C c1cne SO ~uc:~ a.:Jout it. Hm·! let :.!e :Je ver~r frnn:: ui t:1 :'Ot!> t:.H~ c;te'1C -t~1at ue a.:·e tn.:.:in_:; m~e not conclusive, tl.~e aic1 to r::c1t~co.tion t:;o:~ ue nm·t propose 2ac 1l"ill ~Jeco..J.c l£:u is but ac1c1itional <1id on toD o:: t!1at 1·1l1ich u.e bave ulrcac:r eJ:tenc:cc1 in ot:1e~ :;rcc:::s. Anc: ever! this 1·1i 11 no:,~ see to i·~ t::at eac~1 and eve17 c~1ilc1 and each anc1 eve:-y o.Clolescent :1as t~1e bast of education.

r:::~e ~!ar on :..,ovcrty t~wt 1-lo've 1·mgec!, :!ve :~oarcl it co:.J~Jlained a'!Jout a crent c1eal. 2:: 've llea:;.~c: t!1e c:·i tics ~ay t:1nt, ue::.l t:~e aoount t!1at yoa're ~1uttin~ into t:'!ic rcc.lly doesn 't :...:ean t:1n.t you e:::_Jcc-t to ov -0o~~e povc:;:-t:r. I~:-l :::'ello-,;7 .'l.!·.:ericnns a :r:;.Ao~lhct once saic."! that t!1o :.Li:o.·:::;·t. .step is t::.c lon::;est .~O~lrnc:r. ~!c 1 ::-c tc::inG t:1e firat ste) anc1 it is the loi~Ge.St ~oD.rnc:r. It 1 c t::e :)eGinnint:;, t:!c :Zi::-ct aeci!3ion. to do co:.~e-'v!lill~ .:-.0ot"!t so::.:ethin~

•

that needs to 0o cor:~ectcd. r: o tn::c t~c ::'i::-st stcn to :1n.~:e t:1c be::;innint;, n.nc1 o:1ce 110 'vc do!lC t::n.t I i)elieve t!:at- t!1cre is enoug:Y.: sense of Ceccncy und enong:1 sense o:Z co:.:..:.:...:i "t:..Je!lt :.?o:~ us to ta::e t:1e ot:1e1~ stc)s.

And we're Goin~ to ao it, ue'rc doubling our proGrac in the 3eono~ic Op)o::..·tunity Let. ::>or:)linr; it this yeo:-. Ue 1rc C••""'"'1C~l.·,,r- 0'1·• ''C""lt•, 1)"A0,.,.~""'' <''/IQQ IJ'f llion 1.11..,0 i'C"lt'-. ""-C'"'""A071 4-'.!..,..· ··u ... .1. •• ..., -• ~J. ._,-=.-, y- ---- _ v ._ u. ..... "'"'"' .............

alone. ~!e 1 :;,·c goinG to esta'0lis:1 co::r...:un::.ty :.:.:ec.!ical cc11te:~s, reGional ccntc:-s to b:-ing t~e benefit s o:.? ~oc.!crn ucc.!icine to evc:·y section o1 t!1is ~:n~at A:.!e::..·ica.

- T r. ' .. ,... n•"'n'> '1('1-= ~l,., OP"" 7 n-·· ..,_ .•. 1 !\ · ··j 0 n" 1 i :"C" l' c "1 ,..., c "C """'Cl' ""ro ;..-ra:.J tiV *'=' '"'••~.-/~""' ,.a,. .. 'J .•'"'- _., V\J.&r"~"'- .. ~-- --\.oi \"- • ·.I \.•- •• • l.;.-

SO t:1at ue c~n tic-in t:1e :!.:nm:-:1ou -.::c the scientific a~il: t:,r, t~e )ro:.?essional ~n~1lcCge o:.? tec~nicin.ns n.nd Goctors all over the uo:rld.

~!e nrc ~n~inc t~c fi~st staJ end in every one of t~ene uc at!c1 to tr~e c;cnc:~nl ::;oou . :!: sn.; 3. :..~cport t::P. ot:1cr co.:' f:·o~~ t:~o Council o:.? :cono~ic ACviso~~ t~at told us in nrit~~eticcl Coller te:·us, t:~e co~·t o::: <~ise:~i:!inei.~on o.: e:!::_)lo:;!2cnt in l'.:..!e:;,·ica. r::: ~ e cost of lac::: o:Z cducntionel o• D:"ttn~i tic~ in J.~e::.~ica. T:.1e Com.ei l O.n ·-;-CO"'o···;c ... ,,·:ir-o·~.-. -.-,•-.o·~-'·c '1 -~·o ·"''c ""'"'c"'iU "'r'l.a.. ,,.,.., ... rrn-,.,- ..... , ...... r +~~ "'·'" . .... - ,...,. -- I ... -\-&J J..\J -\J ~ - t.t '-"• iJ v-• -- .:::;:_ v--V -c,.Nuv •-·i.. ....... ~o..oouLO...., v-·GI.-

t:·lC cost o:.? cisc:ti:..1i:1ation in c:..::1lo:,r:.!ent, '!::1e coc·~ of lee:: o1 edt:cationcl o:~:JO::.~tuni·~y fo:· :.1r.!~:,, o:L ou:L~ younc !1eo:1le, :.:cn:r o:.? ou:~ yotmc; Hc.::;ros, t:!at that cost ":'aC ovc:n ¢20 'billion in one yca:n o:::' lost 11o..:;cs, lost inco:..!e, lost p::.·o(;uc-ti vi ty. ~.r c coulCl paJ :Zor ::1o:rc t:H\n 15 ;,rec.:~s of ou::- ~!nz oa ?o-.,c:~-'.;:' out of one ~rca:ts' cn~nint;s if I!C cnn n0olis:~ c1isc:~i::.!i:1at:.on ir:. JO iJS. _ _,_ 1·~ e cnn sec to it tbat t:~oce ullo :1avc cct~nl cc::..~cn-~ion - ·u:;i to o:::.· colorec ..:. a:-e t::.·eated e~ual!y o~ t~c j~b.

But those 1~0 ~nve ~co~ fcnicd c~uc~tion, anC unny o~ t~e-, fa1· too ~n'!l7 o:Z t:!c:.J, a:;.Ac co :.n:.~cc, if ~:1c:,r oot!ld hevc t:2e op:_1o:~t:.mi t~r o:;: au ctuc~tior! , to clcvclo:l ·~!~ei::.A ca.pnbili t:,r, t:1Cj' 1.rould :nAocJt:co by t:1c ::;~1cc.t o:: t::oir ~Jl'O't .~ :)~7 t:!e l7o:-:: o:Z "'tibci:L' l1andz, by the co:..:·)etenoc o::? t:1ci:~ t..:inds , ';.)il~ions o:.? dollars of !lel·T inco:·.:e for t~c;sc~vcc nnG 1o~ t~e na~ion .

T:1is ic ~::1rl.i:: l!o're ~=- ;l~tin[; fo:A in ~-; a::-t, !'vc put it on the eoono:.:.:ic level. But t!1c1·e :.s ·c rc ·to it t~E:i: ccono::.:ics, because f:~CCUO!:! is l'~nt COllm.·s, it ~3 ..., r~atte::..· 0::' t:1 e ZCllSC Of ~1U::lal1 di.::;ni ty, t~1c 1·1o:~t:1 o:: t:1c inci'lic-:!nl u_ on 1·.r:1ie:~ t!1c:·e iz no ~,1::-ice tac. And ~~AP T ~~v L~~· t~i~ ~-~~~c.·c"• ~~Asi~nn~ ~o~n~o, --··c ~is •- , .. - .;.> (.....~ ~-- <.., .._, - 1- .._, - .1. \, ...> ...._ ... ~ ' - - "" - \..,;. v.. w U .;...-a. -.J • ' V•• •

f~C!:.!:.n::.ct::.~at~on .:ic:~t :for :Z:-ccc~o!·.: I c.~o not :..:oc.n just in fa:- B"T.'lC7,' :)laces o:: t:~c llo:~la 1l:~c:::e ".TO U:i:'C indec..:: coin{.; t~lo.t, but I ~eau t~c.t ue arc :.?ic~tinc for frecCo~ ~ore nt ~o:.:.:c. ~o ~n~e 1rccGo:.: so:..:et:1ing uo::-e t:~an jt:zt n :v:~:·ccc. o:- so::.:et:lint; t:1at is n. b~escin; :Zo~ only co~c. :!c 1re t:-yi~c to ~a~e frecCo~·a :-enlity.

1-.. :.rind tilat is ~:·ee to t:11n:: ~:me t!'~:!.ncu to t:1in::, n :Joe!~, t:~ut i:; ~:;:-cc o:; c!iscc.se, n. co:.:!:;t!:'!.it:r tht:.t in ::::·ceo::' :n~:-:;:-ic:-s, o~ ~1rcjt:c.ice nne, biGotry, a nation tl1at is :r:~ec in its -:-~ove.=ent o:Z :;c:~sons ~nc: L;ooc1 s of iCe as, :Z'•:cetlo:~, :i:':::.·ccC:: 0 :2 um?, ::rceCo:.:.~ :.Zol~e·JcT. ~his is t:~e OJjecti VC o:;:· ~:liS gove:~nb€-nt . II:· :1:·oud to be a ~1art o1 t:1e cove:An~ent t:1nt 11o,;,A::s :lo:-..~ t:)c so o Jj ccti ves.

~!ben I t!1in~ o:;: t!~e votinG ._~i~:rcn bill t:1at is be:fo:;:c t:1e Con.:;ress. ~!:1cn:!: t:lin~: o:.? :~ou lon0 l!c'vc 1:o.ited- 'H:1en I t:2in~: o::' t:~::.s, of t:1e Generations o:.? :!_)cople tl~a-:- l1avc been Ceniec! go·Je:·n~cnt 'IJ·r ... ·,e C0'1SCn"'- o·.., "''10 r-ove ·~-~ ... -~ -rJ. <'r.>'T -"'-.a+ C"',.,·~·rone o·~ t'" '~"Ve .... u.4 .. .., ""- Ll.. Q .,~.J._\j .._. , ....,, .. :.> ...,..~... '"' "'-=' •.,; .L -v ... c...o.

a!l oi:>liG~tion nou a~ neve:· 0e.:o::-c to sec t~at t:1nt lecinlatioa eo:J.en into e:Z:Zect ~uic::ly. T:~cn t!1at t:1e JCO]lc arc rec;istered and secondly t:1at t:~cy are Given t~1e :;ri vi lege of tmacrstanc1in.:; t:1c issues, to !.:noui:1£; t:1e canCidates.

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It 1 s going to coDe too nnd it's n ot far off. Let us not for ­get tllat the :..-ight to vo l e also r e0ui :res u i th the t be respons i b i l i t y to v ote, ru1d t o vo te inte l ligentl y :

:~m; let :!e j ust d i~ress :lo1~ a oo:Jent on o.not !1er :Jattel~ and t:~er~ I sl1a:!. l leav e you.

One t~ing I 1vo alw~·s appreciated about our t r aCA un i on ~ove ­ncnt anC our in~ustrial u~ion ~ovecent is t~at unions and their ce:..:bf':.~s ! ~no,; t~1ey li \'e in one ~~·orlc! . One :·:o:r-la at ho...1e ana one 1·: orlC overseas .

If yo:! do:1 1 t t~1in!~ so, just recall 1\'llat happen al1out a 1·reelc ar;o . Tl.'O t!e~l get in a space cn:)suJ.o doun in Ca;>e ::em1eCy. Ther e 1·.·ar. n hu6o :roc:.L. t const:::-uctcd in :.r:cricnn :iL .... ll~ by !:!~obers of o:·ganizcc! labor, anC that roc:~c·:; too:: t:~ese t1:o !::en iu orbit , These t~:o ::Je!: 1·:ent at the speed of over 17,000 :Jiles an :1ou:· as t hey orbitce this eart~. They left t~e coast oi Flor i d a and 2 0 cinute s l ater t~ey ~ere over Central Afric~ .

Ir:t.erestingly cnml.:;~!, t1~e ::~~n ti.1at 1:as in c:~arge of 'this Dission - they callec: hi::.. c:1::-is Cr~:rt - those of you 1:ho are boater s a1J.d li::e boats l::nO'..' of 11l~at I spea:::, but his real nai:Jc 1-1as Christouher Co lu~bus Craft. C~ristonher Colu~bus ~as doing ne~ tl1ings on tl1at c!ay - C~1r i st0phe:..· Co::.t~;.!bus C:-al't .

:r:1at great !:Jission uhic:h 1·:as one of nanJ', and one t:1at has been e~uallecl, ana so:!e pec~JlP t!1in~: surl_)assed by ot ~1c:n;, tb:tt cission t:m~l1t :;e so!....et~11nc ahot.!t ot~:~ A~c:•::!.cn . It tau~~1t ..:.:e the iU)ol·tanc~ oi' coo:lc:~ation, j.t tn:1[;:1t ~.:e t:~<~ i::~~)OYtance o~ e::;.::cellence> in eve:-::,·thin~ ':e du. Bcc .. :-:.r:.se t:1e f~ct of t:~c :..!a.ttcx is t!1nt :1~c1 1:l1at roc::ct t~1a t ln.·1ci:~ec1 t!1at co~lsule, not been Je:;.·:;.·cct t!~e rosu. l t tloulC :H\Ve !)eon <..r castro"1hic. :anc: not the :Jcn in t~1e c a-:_:>sule been 't'le !.1 educa tee •. 1..1~ 1:e 11 · tr::tined, ~lrysicnlly i'i t ancl ::Pntal ly alert , t :1c t·rhole e:::e1·cise 1·:ould bavc 'Jel~n a f'ailt.!l~e.

Bot~ o~ t~cse ~en , :~jor Grisson anC Lt. Cdr . Young, ~~c graduates ol great universiti~s, engineers. They had to have nn education , t~1ey haCl to be stroL': . ::hP.~· hac~ to be :;>:1ysically :fit and e::!otio~ally 1·:ell-balanced, o.nc: they J!nC to be bac::ed not only ty t!1c gon;:·n~ent 1 t;:1ic!-:. iedeoc1 die: a subs-cantiC'..l pa::.."t in t:1is e::ercise, "!Jut also >Y industry anc! labor. By s::il:!..ed peo:)le ill the field o~ elcutro~ic~. By engineers in the field of pro9ulsion , By pe o~)l e 1:!.10 are ~i.1ee t octal 1·:or!=0:.:s. and 1·1c leers, anc electricians , t~e s~illeC of Acc~icC'.. .

And :2y fr i encs of o:· ;~nni?:ec1 lahnr, one t1-:ing I thin::: you ought to ryoint to is the fact tbat this nation Coes have craftscenshin . Thai it r"!oes have E;:::c<:.>llcnce. 3eca.::sc you couldn't :un•e launc:1cc'l t!!a.t ~..!issile 7 or you coulc~nrt hal·c lnm-:.c:~ed t?.1at roc!:et~ nne in t~1is instance a roc~et anf a space caps~~~, ~erP i~ not for the fact that industry, labor anC nanaget!ent had ,:or~ed together and Governocnt hr~a UOl"l:ed as a coopcrati ,.e partner .

!n t:1e Sovie't Union thPre if; one re;il.:l~. The~,r 1 ve don:) ~~ell, I au ve:::..·y hap~JY to offe~· all lJraise abot!t tl~cir S~)f:Ctccula:~ achie,·ccents in t:1e ~i· ld o::: !;~n·.oe, T:1ey dect:rvc rcco ni tion ann l):raisc . nut it is a governt1cnt that o1·mes nne} cont:i..~olJ.s f:"Otl top t o bot to::!. In ;~!.:.ler i c·a it i s a govern;~:cnt, yes, as one layc;r nne! :)clot-: i t, industry! !:.:<:t.na6e:Jcnt, fino.!'l.C:P., la.1Jor, m:iversities~ professors ,

!fhP. ~nection is :)efo•:e t~1P. 1·:o-;~1c1, cr i.l a :l::::-ee society, that c~oes not co .. ~inntP. but only ,-:; oP:~s to c oo)e:t.·a te, ~rocuc o the s aun s:Jc:ctaeuln.r :resul tr t:1~t a t0i.nli tariau s.•cioty proil'l!C05 by iloL:inating o~mi~1g 3-nC: cou"tro::..:ing. L .. !lC. :, ou ::.:no1·1 ~ .. 'i1a"t t;1at S!.J3.Ce si·;ot ~1as inCicatE:C to :-.lP- ': _:ot oaly 1.:1r s~)ecta.cul:1.r acbicve::!ent of onr se:ienc<?, :!!"ld om: P.l1GitLe:"i:.1g c:.nC: o-:.~~: la'iJol· <mu c~:)i t['..l, bn·t it tolc1 2r:: tl1r> ~tor:,r t~1at a free socic,ty in uh:i.c:1 tllc:·e can bP. :i:'rP.e tra<'io t~n.ions, ~;i ti: t:1e l~ight to or~~nize, t·.'i t:1 the rigt~t to barg~in, '''i t~1 t ' .. '"! 1··1 t::_• ',..,+v to st~··i 're ·v-i t'"' t'1r· , . .: r.-·t...,t to 't··o-·' . .L~Ol' ..,et7.<'>l" •··o~-~~; '1'. •; -\;. - . ·- ~·- J: ··- -· •. ~ J..l?- .... __ ..... l~ ....,.\:,;_ t• - ... - .... :-"" u co!ldi-r;ir,:ls - "t.!r:.t f1·ee ::mn:-tt,C>C•1~,".;oi·!~l.ng, yor., Ior a. ~:;..-o1:..-r., fo:· ·J.· t" l.'J1'<.·pr-+o··~ ~r.e'-;11, to lJ,.l..;,. n. '""''"'t,-4 .. ,..1..; o~l -r·o·· its cor·n1nn'y ti.., ... t ..... v4-vv ... ,,, ~_,~ ..... 4 t;ll \o..l...&. ' ~\-,i.l .. v<..-.... v..._ ... - .1. • .. • ..,c:.- ... 1 •.< .... t:"liG ~-in( of a society vith the cool'C:inating rJ.cch:misrJ of :1 g;o•.rr ... ~ •.• cnt, <'..s::inr, t.:1e!:>c :>~::·ts to \·:or:: togot~1c: .. , to :mll togcti!e:·, tot.. .n. _ .. at •.;o can c:o t:1c jcb.and do it o.s 1:ell o:i· !Jet-r;er . I t:ll.1~:: t:~a:t lesson neecs to be u.r1derstooC:: ::!ll ~:-ot:n(~ tho 1:orld .

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Our 1:1U7 of c1oin.:i it is ~ little r..!ore cifficul t but ou:~ l70.Y of doing it, I believe , develo~s·better peo9le nnd in tho long run better prodt!cts.

So t!1e s~HlCe s!1ot 1:as not onl::;' an ncco:2')lis!1:.:ont in -engineering a:.1d sci<HlCC'! but also in socinl o::.·ganiza.tion. "C"l1ionist. \ understand that~ you have evcrythin~ to gain out o~ a free society . unions nnu the lnbor oove!...lent of long at;o re"!_:mciateu the rJoctr.ines of isoln.tion . You have sai u, 11\!e are Ci tizons Pirst 11 this is your industrial union slogan as I recall it correctl y. uo · ore ci tiznn~ first ana nni onists scconc. You Irno1v that you c1 o have this ef::ect on t~e u~ole A~erican nation . .J

~!ou just a uo:.-c:: abo~..1t this isolationimJ because dee::~s by A~ericnn labor are Cce~s for other union oove~ents, and the achieve ­~ents of ot~er free labor bouics are achieve~cnts for you . Unionis::.: neeC:s free ~artne::..·s in ot:1e:- pa:rta of the 1·:orlrJ, just as it neeC:s a free ~oveoent i n this part o~ t~e uorlC .

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I t~in~ you can be p~oud of ~~at your C:ecocratic labor ~ove~cnt ~as done not only to lift the stancarCc o~ livinG in Awel-ica ou:~ sAourity am~ ouT national unity, but ~.rou cn.n be -,roud, too, of w~ot ~uorican labor ~ns Cone to sustain free labor ~ove~ents in other places·; ·especially in tl1e nell anu e!::e:;:-git"!.~ nations . T

say to t!1c o~ficc::..·s o:r t:1i s great o:;:gani zati on t:~c t t:~e::e isn't any l~o:)e for freeC:o_ i~ r.!tm:r o:: t:~esc i.lC':! co:mt:;.-ies tmlcst:> t:1ey cae have a free labor :..:o\·e::~cnt. A 1":-ec labor ::!o-~' J:..:ent is t~1c "Jasc o~ t:~ei:­

::>oli tical frecuou . 1"-P!w J~:~c:;.-ican labor . :ove~~cnt let t:~c A~E>rican

pe oplc l:no11, rich and :-.>oor, c a:)i tal and finance ancl :::annGe:-:ent, t:~at t:1e !~.l.:.wrican nco'-.>le ~:no~-r t!H:tt t::e A::.:c:rican 'H'O')lo la0or uove::ent :1as "90oree :Jillions of dolle:rc o:f' its Olnl l'unc!s, cues f::.·o::.: its o~·n ::~e~be:- e, into s:.!Staining ::::;:ce, Ol'GD.ni~ed, la"!:>o::..· :·:o·.re:::cnt in count:7 afte:· cour.t::..~:/ - L1 f...fric~ , in Asin anC: in Latin A:·.:e~·ica -all i n t:1e cause of freec!o.:.:1 .

rr'n.E;: a;Jout ::o:;.·eign a.i<1 . I uant 1:.1y ·t-Jorcls to be l~0m·d 0lcn:;.:ly and un:.:istably, to encoura~e the dc-;relop:1cnt oi organizations t:1nt are not contro l led by t~e state but ~at~cr by the 2e2bcrs .

l~o".T -:::.y friends, : :.Jt~ct ::un :1.long. I !!a\·e n nnr:ber o~ i:ayo::.·s 1:ai ti1:G fo:.~ ~c i n nno~.:her rooD. Bu'!; : 1;an.tec to just say a l:o:--c to jrrn~ n":Jout uorlu trade hefcro I lE::ft ~E-cnusc it's clos~ to yot~::..­

!"!ca3.·ts . I :._:ust say t:Htt .A:.Jf::-ion' s r;::..~en.t ~13-·oclucti ve cepaci ty rc{luires ou~lets fo~ our gooCs .

~.7e neeC to c:::Hmc1 Oi.~:- :~m.·~:e~s nt hcce, r:nc 1:c '11 c~o so t:r::.·o~g:1

t::is \"i'"'r 0 ...... 'Ovt>··ty• 1'0 111 C~O .-0 "·',·-o•lr'-. tt1C -; .. l1"'"0"'C'"'en'· O..co t'"'e '"' .... - -- ) , - _. o t~ ....... - '" u"• _ _ __ .L , .... ._ v ..L •• ,

c.it~itn!:·; 17aGe; 1·:e t ll c1o so ·u:1en 1·!A :·e:1eal 14!3 so t:1at u:1ions cau o~·ga.ni?.e t:;e uno:.-c;n.nizec1; 1·:e '11 clo so ·t::~cn 11c [i;iV(" voting ri.:;::ts to t::6 ~eople in pnrts o:.:' A:~w::.-ica ti1[1-t, have never hnc1 a ciw.nce to vote. ! :::r:: t:y \·:o::-d c, ~-:!:en the unregi s tc:~cc! U:."<' reGi stereC! and t~w se l/:1o :1aYc :)een cer!.icd t:1e rig!~t to \'ote !"~o'i'e the :·i:;:1t to vote anc e~e-~c..: '"e 1· + tt1e , .. ,,.,.~.1· c~, ... econo··,., .,,; 11 1J" ,_,.,. ...... ,.. .. ~s ... ,,.,, "'S the

- .;... -..> ....,, .,.4. -- .. -".a. \AA-.A. ..._ ·-J ••- - ~ \; -.Jr.i UU._.,.L C.., \ \#-- G;.. ... ..

A:.::eric~n snnse o:Z ::.:o:;.-nli t:r. It Hill all co:~e to~et:1e:-.

~·~c need these r.e~J rr.arkcts. l·.'c :.c..:;d thf'm overseas as t·1cJ.l 3-S at home, sr:.d this g!'C<l.t rt.C'lerter~t of labor h.:lD S !pport,l J. the p:·i::cipleS of the lil"~craliz~tiO!"l of t:o!'ld. t::.·.::.de tr_rough the J~dJrinistr.::.. ... ior:s of Roose·.-el t, 'l'rwr..:!r:., Eise;;hor-:e::-, r:.:;~-..nedy

2Y.d ::ou i~ t!-~c Johnson !~d.ir.istr.::..tio!"l.

fu:d t!'.e HIE is to be corr~>:er.dcd i'Cl' its pior..ecri.r:g cxch::.ngc p:::ogra:;s tdth

cour~ter-pc,rt ur.ior.s ir. JaF.::..n ar:d O::.·c;.t B:!.'i te.i:1, r.r..d I hope that other u.r:icns \d.ll

do the s.::.rr.e> bccc.usc you arc breald:n3 doHn barriern to ~r.dcrstandi::g.

I .::..:!.co co:'"ncn1 the IlJE :.'o!' its co~:tir:ucd suppc:·t cf bre.:>.kin:; dcr·:n c.::.1·.rie!·s ir: t::-c.d.C 0 J:c:: KT:Gt·: -.;[.at CC.:::rie:rs ir. trade CL...!! be rui.r:cus. \ic h.::.Ye f:::d teo Ir.UCh

cz~e:!'icr:cc i:1 -c!-.i::; ~·crlJ •·:itr. t!:cse !J::~:rie::-s., P.ipb:-r t<.ri!.":f t·:a:ls ~ear: isolatior:­:..Gr:, c.:.d iscl::tt~cr.i!:r'l can n:earr a resurge~ .. ce of both n~ti~n:-.lism nr:d c1cprc!·r-;iC'!1. It is ir.tcre[;tir.::: to nctc that the hir::h~r the t4triffs) the :':ore the eco::o:r.:i.c t:!:'o'Jtlc::;. ;, l:..b~r.:.l tl·~dc policy, of .... course, is a tt:o- tiay ~t!·c~t ::r.d i.t i::volvea ~::.:"'.~ r:..sY.::o

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I cc:.n tell yo·;., thi:::: "';hat ycur problcrr:s ~~ n ".lr..ic.:l .:::.d yr1.:. j_r_(li -::i..du-.l:J.·,

aG :1orkc::-s, :··ould be .::1.r mo:.~c diffi~ul t etr.r i'r.r rr.orc ra.:r::cro'..ls tn "-~- if tl'J ::;~,n.rtcd

;>. contcct, for cxarplc, :·;it!: J<:p.::n, or l·Jith 01-:r _:tllic::; in · .. 'ester:-. E1.J.ropc, ~;ust "to

r.-.isc tar:.i..ff :;.::.:!.ls ;-.;:ci to c::>to.oli:;n i:;:;::ort :r..tot;.s .. Lc""v 1 ::; <:.:~r, for cx-.r:Plc) th~t

•·:e ·•rccteci ~ ~-;::ll a~;:-.inst Itr:\lian ::.:m·1ir..g r:acm.~c::; . The next tr:ing yc-:. ~r:cu yc""J..

r-.igr.t hear :-.bout t.:ne canccl1aticn of J.!l It~lian ord0:- fer ::1 :.i.Ubinc cr a ronr;r;...tcr.

L0t 1 s s2.y th~t uc rc;.iscrl harri')::.·s <:.[;".inst .J:>.p::mc.::5e transistor r.::cEos . It ::o·..U~i be

ju:-:t as easy for our -hpane.se :'riend~, :.o k~"'(•p out rcfri~or<" tors, t ·ac:.tir.r; machir.:;s,

h:a·;y ;r.zlchincry, -::.r:d ~-:-apo.n ":.cday i~ our sPcor..d 1:::-gcst cas~ c~.:.::; "t.cr::cr :or Ar•r ri-:.:.n

~gricul ~'..Aral prcdilcts. M:d if :.;c lo::;t i:.I:at custc:r.er, God o:-::ss the ;\r;c1·ic~~ ~.:1:

p~ycr!

in the e;rpc,rt

1cs, you 1d l os0 mcrkets for the 7:hinc::; you pr oduce _, thou~n"lds of dollars

elPct~ic~l i ndustry, r-i~lions of dollars , and tni5 cc~~t:J depends upon o~r

t::-a::k . ':'his count:-:.~ sells far nore ovc:r·se~s t~-1:1 ::e c:.:y !'rem over sc.;:s p:::-c­

c~,.:.cers . ·::e l:."..ve a !'vYorablc b<elar:.cc of tr~dc th::.t r..:ns i:rto :.he bill:..o!~::; of

doll~rs, and th.::tt trade b~lc:.nce is getting better eve:r;-y yc.::.r .

B1:t t:r..c fact is thnt no ethe-r co11ntry in the entire :7orld h.:ts h.:ts cfi':.ci')::7.

ar.d pro~hcti·>e labo::- c...r.d ir:.d~~try ~s ':c h~--0 here. J\nd no cthc~ cou:i:.ry h<"s ... he

av<.-ilc...b:!.lity of reGourcos , ra~- n:".terials and cq;ital s--c . c:s ··~ ha"lc here, ~1:. c:

~:hich <.re f:tctors in producing ar:d r.D.kine; fer efficie>nc~t cf prcductior... F crci(;r: J:-rOdllcers do hc::e adv:.:.ntJ.gos in or;c product or "..r.othcr, J.r.d son6tin:cs in sc-;;c:-cl

products~ but overall the United St.:1.tes h:?.s been the big deal in t:c-rld. trad11.

C'.:.r f.::.·,·oraclc b.::.l~r.cc of trade rt<ns .::.li."'.ost to eight billions of dollc::.:::s . ::i: si.!"::r-.it

-l:hat ·:e carno.._ <>.fford to jeor~rdi~e cu.r podtior.. 'Ihercforc, ::c :m.;.st cor:tinuc to

tr::: to l:.ber·z.lize trc.dc reciprocally, !lot ju:::'IJ one ::e..y_, m:d ~.e <!!'C tyring to do

-ch!J."':. in t:,c Kennedy Roll.l:d of trade ncgot:i . .:-.tior:s r.o:; r;oing on i n Genev~, ;,;:d tl:c

s1;,cc0ss of "'" •. P.Ge l"~cgctit'. tior.[' ;:ill h~vc great <:i~c.rds fer Ar:cr:..co.n l.:tocr ar.cl the

A::E:ricar: "CO""Ony, and it td.ll arid ur ~o th~ scct<rity of ~ll fr:...c ~::J.tior:s .

I say ti1is to ~ grc2.t group cf \:cr'c~r::; in organized l aoor, because there

arc ·:oic-es thcs8 d:::.;rs that tell you "t!1c..t ;} 'lU o·lght to retreat back into th.::.t ~sve· :

r.c,re:- lar:d, and. : ::a~-:t to rc:d1"!d tho •. :r.eri:c::.n 1-C'.bor !!:C"n;n:cr:t thc::.t th<:) 1::eriodz of

!"~[;h tariffs, the p!'ricds of p:-otcctior~i:::r;, h~·.:.;e beer: the per2.ods ··.r.Rc: :.rour t:.r.icm

h;:..-.rc suffered, h'hen :'.rr..::ric;">. h~s ouffcrcd, :·7hcn the ecor:cr.;y- has suffcreci, and ha-.re

pro1r.oted pericdo of rampan'ij n;::.tior1:1.lism and bitterness m:dinternatior..al tensions tl-.[..t ho.•.;c led to 11re::t •.-w .. rs .

~.1:at :-:c seck tod.:.:r is reacc tr.rc'..i.f',!l t:ndcrsta;:dinc, ::. ;;rcc..t ~r ir.terch:l.i1E;e

of peo~Jle <lr.d corr.:r.cl~ce, a::d. I co:'l" to a _;r')up of fine citize::s ::rid,·~; ;:,.·cu. to lift

your sighk, lift your sights, look to a bette::.· iiOrld_, help build - - L~ yccr ~--:e-~'" - ­

help builti .:1. better Jtrr.eric<'. _, help keep this com:t:!.~y :-ri th continu~"d prospr:,ri ty ar.d

•·:c ~~r:., :.;e t~ill. 'Ihe days c: .4"prcssim: m:ci recesGior.. £.re ever if •·:e co ::ill i:t..

~;c kno:: ho:; r.c·· to keep iiinc.r:i.ca prod'..<cin:;. h"o J.'.nc:; net: r.c:: to c:~p.:r:d th~ ccor:cr-:;..-­

c.nci. :vc h2::e ~o do evc::-1 .?.. better job i:har... t·:e l:cvc dor.c tr..us fo.~ . :Je h:-,7e to tr~i::

the ur.skilled, !·.re ha·;c to seek jobs for th:J uncr.ployEd, b;.t to de so t·:e t~xe ":,()

h.::.vo ,;, cont::..r::.1J.ed i,;rO:·rt.h of the ecor:·ci"ti.c f<1ce of tl:is r:c.tion . J\nd that grct-:th

rer;,--.;irez not o1:ly the de·.;clop:-.ent of r:ar:~ots .:.t ho;::e bt the dGYclopr:cr:t of r:::arkc~~ ~

abroc:d . :.r:d I cc:~~.o:.m:d the !liE cs one of the r;rc<..t '.!. ic::1s th::.t h.:s t::.i:c!"l -vhe !sac:

in thi:; t-.:orth~r effort ar.d it .i::'"!.sntt b-"cr.. c.:1.sy for yo-: . E..<t you.l\'"e de.:.C:1str<.tcd

statesmanship, and •·!h.::tt you 1 r~ doi11g is r:ot only good for ;}'OU but good for the

entire r.a ti or., t~r.ci. you i,·ill be roc ~i ·~-ing ::our blcs::;ings both in tcr"1s of your ct·::: I i?:dividue.l :·:clfCJ.re ".qr ... 1 i11 tl!e .f.::.ct th~t yot: ha-.-e dono sor:ctl:ing to "'treq;~he:: _ yot<r co·~:~:.::.-~·. _ ----

'Iha1'1J.: youo

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