the web architecture and asp.net. slide 2 review of the web (1) it began with http and html, which...

The Web Architecture and ASP.NET

Review of the Web (1) It began with HTTP and HTML, which

delivers static Web pages to browsers which would render those pages

Browser Web Server

HTTP Request

HTTP Response(Web page)

Review of the Web (2) Scripting languages were created to

execute client code within the context of a browser

Browser

Web Server

HTTP Request

HTTP Response(Web page / code)

Client code (JavaScript)(VBScript)

Review of the Web (3) Server-side applications were created to

execute code and dynamically generate Web pages based on a particular requestBrowser Web Server

HTTP Request


Client code

(script)

Interpret request

Generate HTML and

script

Review of the Web (4) And now we have AJAX / JSON making

partial page requests

Browser

Web Server

HTTP Request


Client code (script)

Interpret request

Generate HTML and

script

Execute AJAX Request

Client code (Silverlight)

The Great Client/Server Debate Where do we process?

Client or server What get’s processed where? And the interaction between client and

server

Where does bandwidth fit into this equation? Where does processing power (and latency)

fit into this equation?

And all the Related Technologies jQuery – yes it works with ASP AJAX – ASP has some interesting AJAX

libraries We can (AND WILL) write our own handlers for

those AJAX requests Silverlight is a well-used client-side

framework part of RIA (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee707344(v=vs.91).aspx)

Azure?

Current Client Technologies And what browser (and version) do

you use? Scripting details vary from browser to

browser DOM objects can vary a bit too HTML5 and CSS3 support varies but is

pretty good

Current Server Technologies Apache WebSphere (IBM) Oracle / Sun (doing ASP.NET, CGI and PHP) Microsoft and IIS HP and others have offerings

Largely based on Apache

In summary, there are quite a few

ASP.NET (History) Introduced with the .NET Framework in

2002 It made Web development look like traditional

Windows development ASP.NET 2.0 introduced in 2005 gave

developers enhanced database tools This included desktop improvements too MVC was introduced / much more later

ASP.NET 3.0 released with 2008

ASP.NET (History) ASP.NET 4 released with Visual Studio

2010 and version 4 of the Framework Razor was introduced along with ASP.NET

Web pages Web pages and Web Forms are different

There is an open-source movement (We will see how this pans out)

Support for HTML 5 and CSS 3 is very good

ASP.NET (History) Current version is Visual Studio 2013

and Framework version 4.5.1

ASP.NET (Architecture)

What is a .NET Application (1)?

It looks and works surprisingly like Java Source code (VB, C#, etc.) is compiled into

a machine independent assembly language (MSIL or IL)

The executable file is called an assembly

IL can be disassembled using the IL Disassembler (ILDASM)


MSIL is translated into native executable code via the Just-in-Time (JIT) compiler It’s possible to precompile an application

using the Native Image Generator (Ngen) All .NET applications run under the control of

the Common Language Runtime (CLR) We call this managed code


On the desktop, the application runs under the control of the Common Language Runtime

With Respect to Web applications, all execution is handled on the server (IIS)

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb470252.aspx

The ASP.NET Runtime When IIS sees an .aspx file, it loads

aspnet_isapi.dll to create the Page object Application behavior is controlled by

configuration files Machine.config is the global machine

configuration file Web.config allows you to override default

configuration items Both are XML documents

Programming ASP.NET Conceptually it’s much like the VB

programming you are used to You create procedures in event handlers

and general procedures You declare variables

Instead of a form, the primary user interface is the WebForm

Current ASP Technologies ASP Web Forms

Have been around for a while and have continued to evolve

ASP.NET MVC It stands for Model-View-Controller It’s an alternative to Web Forms

ASP.NET Web Pages (Razor) A more lightweight processing model Looks a bit like PHP

Silverlight and RIA

ASP.NET Web Forms Provides server-side tools for site navigation

Menus, Drill-down toolbars, breadcrumbs, etc. Authentication tools Database connections Client and server executable code State management and caching Authentication and role management Deployment tools Robust development tools (Visual Studio)

ASP.NET Web Forms (Introduction)

Client (browser)

HTTP Server

(IIS)

ASP Worker

Process request

Generate client page (HTML)

request

response

Web Forms and Stateful Web Programming Remember that the Web is stateless

Web servers to not persist state from one request to the next

ASP.NET does allow stateful programming though various hidden fields and serialized data server side session objects

Much more on state management later

Web Forms and Event-Driven programming ASP.NET, though serialization, simulates

event-driven programming ASP.NET events differ significantly from

Windows Forms events

Introduction to the Web Forms Component Model Remember that .NET is an OOP environment

and ASP.NET is no exception As the developer, you create .aspx pages that

make up a Web application When executed, the .aspx page is compiled into

a custom class that inherits from System.Web.UI.Page

As the developer, you can program against this class just as you would program against any class

It all happens on the server!

ASP.NET MVC MVC is the acronym form Model-View-

Controller It’s a design pattern coined by the GOF

It requires version 4 of the .NET Framework

It’s an alternative to traditional ASP.NET Web forms

Web Matrix and Razor A “lightweight” technology to create

simple Web sites Requires version 4.0 of the .NET

Framework and a few add-ins

Silverlight It run on a client (browser) and

communicates with a server via RIA services Netflix?

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