the use of commercial tobacco among minority populations centers for disease control and prevention...
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The Use of Commercial The Use of Commercial Tobacco Among Minority Tobacco Among Minority
PopulationsPopulationsCenters for Disease Control and PreventionCenters for Disease Control and Prevention
Office on Smoking and HealthOffice on Smoking and Health
Sydney LeeSydney Lee
Office on Smoking and Office on Smoking and HealthHealth
Mentors: Michelle Johns and Leah Mentors: Michelle Johns and Leah JohnsonJohnson
Epidemiology BranchEpidemiology Branch Program Services BranchProgram Services Branch Health Communication BranchHealth Communication Branch
Epidemiology BranchEpidemiology Branch
Advances science of tobacco controlAdvances science of tobacco control Coordinates research and Coordinates research and
surveillancesurveillance Evaluates products, tobacco use, Evaluates products, tobacco use,
health effects, economic impacts, health effects, economic impacts, and interventionsand interventions
Program Services BranchProgram Services Branch
Provides training and technical Provides training and technical assistance to 50 states, D.C., 7 US assistance to 50 states, D.C., 7 US Territories, 6 National Networks, Territories, 6 National Networks, and 7 Tribal Support Centersand 7 Tribal Support Centers
Provides leadership for Provides leadership for implementation of comprehensive implementation of comprehensive interventionsinterventions
Directs and manages National Directs and manages National Tobacco Control ProgramTobacco Control Program
Health Communication Health Communication BranchBranch
Develops and disseminates Develops and disseminates information to the public, policy information to the public, policy makers, health professionals, and makers, health professionals, and partnerspartners
Tracks media coverage of tobaccoTracks media coverage of tobacco Provides technical assistance for Provides technical assistance for
tobacco counter-marketing media usetobacco counter-marketing media use Promotes positive change in health Promotes positive change in health
behaviors, policies, and practicesbehaviors, policies, and practices
Goals of OSHGoals of OSH
Prevent initiation of tobacco use Prevent initiation of tobacco use among youthamong youth
Promote tobacco use cessation Promote tobacco use cessation among adults and youthamong adults and youth
Eliminate exposure to secondhand Eliminate exposure to secondhand smokesmoke
Identify and eliminate tobacco-Identify and eliminate tobacco-related disparitiesrelated disparities
Commercial Tobacco UseCommercial Tobacco Use
The leading The leading cause of cause of preventable preventable death in the USdeath in the US
Causes coronary Causes coronary heart disease – heart disease – the leading cause the leading cause of death in USof death in US
8.6 million have 8.6 million have serious illness serious illness caused by caused by smokingsmoking
Health Effects of Health Effects of Commercial TobaccoCommercial Tobacco
Adversely affects almost every organ in Adversely affects almost every organ in the bodythe body
Causes cancer and coronary heart diseaseCauses cancer and coronary heart disease Doubles the chance for having a strokeDoubles the chance for having a stroke Drastically increases the chance for dying Drastically increases the chance for dying
of lung diseaseof lung disease Increases risk for infertility, preterm Increases risk for infertility, preterm
delivery, stillbirth, low birth weight, and delivery, stillbirth, low birth weight, and Sudden Infant Death SyndromeSudden Infant Death Syndrome
Cigarette Smoking Cigarette Smoking PrevalencePrevalence
05
1015202530354045
AI/ AN AfricanAmerican
Hispanic White
Total
Men
Women
CDC MMWR 2004
Percentage of adult cigarette use during the past month
Youth Prevalence RatesYouth Prevalence RatesPercentage of youth age 12-17 who smoked cigarettes in
the past month
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
AI/ AN AfricanAmerican
Hispanic White
TotalMaleFemale
CDC MMWR 2006
Youth SusceptibilityYouth SusceptibilityYouth age 12-17 who had never smoked but were susceptible to start smoking cigarettes
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
AI/ AN AfricanAmerican
Hispanic White
TotalMaleFemale
CDC MMWR 2004
The Youth StallThe Youth Stall
27.530.5
34.836.4
34.8
28.5
21.9 2320
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
1.2 Millio
n
Percent of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigarette Use, 1991-
2007
National Risk Youth Behavior Surveys, 1991-2007
OSH Expert PanelOSH Expert Panel
Panel of tobacco and media expertsPanel of tobacco and media experts Addressing the “Youth Stall”Addressing the “Youth Stall” Experts discuss the issues about Experts discuss the issues about
reaching the youth, understand where reaching the youth, understand where teens are getting messagesteens are getting messages
Reactive vs. ProactiveReactive vs. Proactive OSH uses the suggestions of the panel OSH uses the suggestions of the panel
to develop ideas for future projectsto develop ideas for future projects
Culturally Appropriate Culturally Appropriate WebsiteWebsite
Adding the definition of tobacco to Adding the definition of tobacco to the CDC’s tobacco websitethe CDC’s tobacco website
Tobacco refers to “the use of Tobacco refers to “the use of manufactured, commercial tobacco manufactured, commercial tobacco products including, but not limited products including, but not limited to, cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, to, cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, and cigars” and cigars”
Secondhand Smoke Secondhand Smoke
Information guide for African Information guide for African Americans, American Indians and Americans, American Indians and Alaska NativesAlaska Natives
African American guide is in process African American guide is in process of development using focus groups of development using focus groups for suggestions and approvalfor suggestions and approval
American Indian and Alaska Native American Indian and Alaska Native guide will be developed in the futureguide will be developed in the future
SabemosSabemos Community outreach against Community outreach against
secondhand smoke in the secondhand smoke in the Hispanic/Latino populationHispanic/Latino population
Targeting families with children under Targeting families with children under 1414
Promotoras will go to homes in the Promotoras will go to homes in the Colonia to teach them about secondhand Colonia to teach them about secondhand smoke and how to protect their childrensmoke and how to protect their children
Sabemos will be launched at a health fair Sabemos will be launched at a health fair and then surveys will evaluate and then surveys will evaluate effectivenesseffectiveness
Don’t smoke in your Don’t smoke in your home or carhome or car
Talk to your kids Talk to your kids about the dangersabout the dangers
Keep your home and Keep your home and car smoke-freecar smoke-free
Teach your kids how Teach your kids how to avoid secondhand to avoid secondhand smokesmoke
Support restaurants Support restaurants and businesses that and businesses that are smoke-freeare smoke-free
We Know – Out of respect, there is no
smoking here
Community Case StudyCommunity Case Study
Native youth have highest Native youth have highest prevalence ratesprevalence rates
Have youngest average initiation Have youngest average initiation ageage
Research on Native American youth Research on Native American youth tobacco programstobacco programs
Research is needed to develop Research is needed to develop promising practices promising practices
Methods for Community Methods for Community Case StudyCase Study
In-depth interviewsIn-depth interviews Programs developed or adapted for a Programs developed or adapted for a
native audiencenative audience Tribal Support Centers and Non-TSCs Tribal Support Centers and Non-TSCs Different regions including Oklahoma, Different regions including Oklahoma,
Aberdeen area, California, MichiganAberdeen area, California, Michigan Forming a committee with Forming a committee with
interviewees to help guide researchinterviewees to help guide research
Preliminary ResultsPreliminary Results
Programs reach native audience in Programs reach native audience in many waysmany ways
Group youth into clansGroup youth into clans Learn about historyLearn about history Native imageryNative imagery Traditional gamesTraditional games Youth make decisions about strategies, Youth make decisions about strategies,
write PSAs and material to teach peerswrite PSAs and material to teach peers
Final ThoughtsFinal Thoughts
OSH vs. Tobacco industryOSH vs. Tobacco industry Understand the audienceUnderstand the audience Cultural competencyCultural competency CollaborationCollaboration
Interview QuestionsInterview Questions
Target audience – age, gender, location Target audience – age, gender, location Program Program
LengthLength DevelopmentDevelopment ActivitiesActivities
EvaluationEvaluation Informal – feedback about programInformal – feedback about program Formal – baseline data, outcome evaluationFormal – baseline data, outcome evaluation DisseminationDissemination
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements
National Indian Health BoardNational Indian Health Board Morehouse School of MedicineMorehouse School of Medicine Ms. RasheedMs. Rasheed Ms. GravesMs. Graves Leah JohnsonLeah Johnson Michelle JohnsMichelle Johns