the use of 3d-gis applications for planning and design

Charles Hixon – Business Development Manager

Chair, TRB ABJ95 Sub-committee on VDC

The Use of 3D-GIS Applications for Planning and Design

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our people and our passion in every projectour people and our passion in every project

3D-GIS for Planning & Design

Presentation Outline

• Advent of 3D-GIS

• Review of 3D Technologies

– Pro’s

– Con’s

• Applying 3D-GIS with Unity

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Advent of 3D-GIS Applications

• The way we see and interact with data is changing

– Google Earth

– Real-time Data

• Traffic

• ITS Devices

– Lidar

– Mobile Devices

– Cloud Computing

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Advent of 3D-GIS Applications

• Why the 3D-GIS?

– Database technology will dominate how transportation agencies

conduct business

• “It’s all about the data.”

• Changing how when plan, design & construct

– For example; AMG technologies

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Supports & Enhances Transportation Infrastructure Life-Cycle

• Planning

• Design

• Survey

• Construction

• Operations

• Maintenance

Why 3D-GIS??

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Integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and GIS

Business Need:

• 3D Designs Displayed & Viewed

Within 3D GIS – Overlays With

Existing GIS Data Layers

• Facility Management

• Provide Efficient Means of

Updating & Maintaining

Facility/Asset Management

• Public Safety/Security

Management

• Interoperability Revit Model Integration Within ArcGlobe

Why 3D-GIS??

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Enhanced Public Hearings/Reviews

Business Need:

• Garner Support for Planned

Transportation Improvements

• Integrate & Analyze Proposed

Design Alternatives Within 3D

Context

• Consensus Building for

Proposed Designs

• Visual Analysis of Impacts for

Proposed Design Alternatives

• Public Audience Can Understand

a 3D Model vs. a 2D Design Plan

Why 3D-GIS??

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Planning & Design

Business Need:

• Integrate Proposed Concept

Plans Into 3D GIS

• 3D Visual Analysis of Plan

• Viewshed Analysis of Proposed

Design / Infrastructure

• Revit Model Integration

Master Plan Integration within ArcGlobe

Why 3D-GIS??

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Business Need:

• Understand Proposed Impacts to

Master Plan

• Visually Display Master Plan

within Existing 3D Environment

Existing Conditions - Proposed Master Plan

Why 3D-GIS??

Planning & Design

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Noise Analysis

Business Need:

• Understand Noise Impacts of

Proposed Design / Development

• 2D GIS-Based Noise Analysis

More Accurate Within 3D

Context

• Noise Analysis Factors in

Topography, Elevation and

Obstructions

• Accurate Assessment & Analysis

of Noise Wall Studies Noise Analysis & Contours within ArcGlobe

Why 3D-GIS??

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Business Need:

• Detailed Asset Management /

Information Management

• Better Decision Making

Regarding Assets – Signs Can

Get Detailed Measurements &

Letter Heights/Spacing

• Intuitive Data Display/Analysis

With 3D GIS

• Public Safety Planning / Pre-

Planning Intelligence

3D Data Collection

Why 3D-GIS??

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Business Need:

• Lidar Data Integration &

Processing

• GIS Data Analysis & Modeling

With Street-Level Lidar

• Enhance Transportation Assets

with Lidar

Integrating Lidar Data within GIS

3D Data Collection

Why 3D-GIS??

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Asset Management

Business Need:

• Facility Management Operations

3D Dashboard

• Interior Space Data Models

Analyzed and Managed within

3D GIS

• Public Safety Analysis &

Improved Decision Making

• Integration with Work Order

System for 3D Analysis of Work

Orders and Activity

3D Facility Management / Interior Space Data Model

Why 3D-GIS??

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Disaster Management

Business Need:

• Evacuation Planning

• Emergency Preparedness

• Damage Assessment

Management and Analysis for

Infrastructure Reporting

• Pedestrian Routing

• Visibility Analysis

3D Analysis for Emergency Response

Why 3D-GIS??

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Right-of-Way Modeling & Analysis

Business Need:

• Accurate Access Management

Restrictions & Analysis

• Improve Driveway Access

Management & Permitting

Process

• Integrate addressing, parcel and

permit data within 3D GIS data

model

Visualize & analyze right-of-way permitting data in 3D GIS

Why 3D-GIS??

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Sustainability

Business Need:

• Solar Potential Mapping,

Reporting & Analysis

• Solar Estimation & Optimization

Why 3D-GIS??

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Wayfinding

Business Need:

• Improved Wayfinding

Analysis & Planning

• Wayfinding Sign Assets

Wayfinding Assets within 3D GIS/ArcGlobe

Why 3D-GIS??

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Key Industry Trends

• Continued trend of budget reductions

– We need to do more with less

• Design Build

– The process requires greater/enhanced communication

• Software vendors striving for new markets

– Revit, CityEngine, AMG

Why 3D-GIS??

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• The Push for 3D Planning, Design & Construction

– 3D-GIS

• Esri’s CityEngine

• Integrating data into a 3D environment

Why 3D-GIS??

Key Industry Trends

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– CIM / BIM Technologies

• Production Impacts

– Collision Detection

– Design Review

– Higher quality of the design

• Production Enhancements & Savings

– Scheduling

– Asset Management

Why 3D-GIS??

Key Industry Trends

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– 3D Traffic

• VISSIM

– Automated machine Grading (AMG)

• Production savings

– Operations & Management

• Maintenance

• Public Safety

Why 3D-GIS??

Key Industry Trends

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Challenges of 3D-GIS Applications

• What do I do with all that data?

– Managing the “silos of data”

– Multiple database types

• GIS, BIM, Access, etc

– How do I use it? i.e. Lidar

Why 3D-GIS??

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The Solution

• Integrated Technologies through 3D-GIS

– One common database

• Leverage existing GIS applications to tie information together

• Continue to use the same tools you always have, just see and

interact differently with them.

The “Hub” of Many Databases

Why 3D-GIS??

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What is 3D???

• New Tools fundamentally changing project delivery

– 3D..aka Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) Civil Integrated

Management (CIM) Bridge Information Modeling (BrIM) Building

Information Modeling (BIM)..Integrated Product Delivery (IPD)

• A new core group to manage the process.

– The owner

– Planners and designers

– Contractors or builders

– CAD will evolve to CIM/VDC

3D Apps – A Closer Look

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The 3D Tool Box

• New Tools fundamentally changing project delivery

– 3D CAD

• MicroStation, AutoCAD, Civil 3D, Revit

– 3D GIS “GeoDesign”

• ArcView

• CityEngine

– Other database programs

• Traffic

• Scheduling programs

– Interactive real-time display methodologies

• Virtual Reality


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Benefits of 3D Technologies

• 3D Design Conflict Analysis

– Reduces the need for manual checking of 2D drawings

– Reduces risk and liability exposure

– Effectively communicates design errors and omissions issues


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• Automated Machine Grading

PLANNING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF 3D TECHNOLOGIES FOR DESIGN AND

CONSTRUCTION AT THE WISCONSIN DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION


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• 4D Modeling – Integrating the 3D model with scheduling

– Improves Critical Path Method (CPM) Schedule

• More effective planning and analysis

• Overall optimization of scope and schedule

• Identify project risks more readily

• 5D Modeling

– Integrating Pricing with Scheduling



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Costs of Implementing 3D Technologies

– Technology Summary• Reacting to a change in the planning, design and construction

process

• Benefits but a significant investment

• Savings during construction phase

“Planners and designers are being challenged more today than at any other time in past 20-

years. Fewer projects are being authorized, the time to completion is being shortened, and

corporate America is facing more pressure to deliver more complex projects for less time

and less capital. “ Michael Lingerfelt, AIA


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– Hardware Issues• Increased investment costs

– $1,500 versus $2,500

– Recommend robust systems NOT minimal

– Minimum recommended specifications

» 64-bit processor (highest possible)

» 12GB RAM

» 512MB NVIDIA graphics card

» 1TB disk capacity

• Reduced capital investment lifecycle

– 24 – 36 months versus traditional 36 – 72 months


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– Software Issues• Interoperability

– Must be on same platform (compatibility issues)

– No two projects are the same

– File compatibility issues

» REVIT has issues with MEP and Architectural

• Operating Systems

– Vista

– 64-bit requirements

– Parallel processing


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Costs of Implementing 3D Technologies– Software Issues

• Limited Civil Engineering Design Applications

– Inroads, Civil 3D

– Architecture Community has more mature applications (i.e. REVIT)

• Integrating with other databases

– GIS (ESRI, Arc Explorer)

– Traffic (VISSIM)

– Lack of database extractors from REVIT and other VDC applications


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– Lack of Industry Standards• No official established and accepted standards

– Where do you go for guidance?

• Key 3Ddevelopment groups

– National BIM Standard (NBIM)

http://www.buildingsmartalliance.org/index.php/nbims

– National CAD Standards (NCS-BIM)

http://forums.buildingsmartalliance.org/ncs/forum/

– OMNI Class (CSI) http://www.omniclass.org/

– Stanford University - Center for Integrated Facility Engineering (CIFE)

» http://www.stanford.edu/group/CIFE/

• Limited 3D User Groups

– AIA - http://aia-phoenixmetro.org/forum/forumdisplay.php?f=30

– BIM - http://bimforum.org/

– They are out there but hard to identify


http://www.buildingsmartalliance.org/index.php/nbims

http://forums.buildingsmartalliance.org/ncs/forum/

http://www.omniclass.org/

http://www.stanford.edu/group/CIFE/

http://aia-phoenixmetro.org/forum/forumdisplay.php?f=30



http://bimforum.org/

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– Training• Significant investment needed

– Time to learn more of an impact than investment of

training class

• High Learning Curve

– Anticipate 12 – 24 month training period

– Training required for each segment of a project

– Training can be completed in phases


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0 50 100 150 200 250

Project One

Project Two

Project Three

2D vs. 3D Design

3D Design 2D Design


– Training• Availability of Formalized Training

– BIM has good options, CIM does not.

• No Upfront Productivity Gains

– First project will take significantly longer.

– Second project marginally longer.

– Third project start to see benefits (QC)

» Most benefits obtained during construction phase

» Higher QC leads to fewer construction changes


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– Operations• Tools Need to be Easily Accessed

– Data availability and access critical for success

» Not just for designers.

» Construction Managers et al need access

– Applications still need to be developed

» Immature industry

• No Standardized Deliverables

– Lonely 3D– Design-Bid-Build

– Social 3D– Design Build


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3D Information

– Resources• Esri CityEngine - http://www.esri.com/software/cityengine/casestudies/index.html

• Stanford CIFE: http://www.stanford.edu/group/CIFE/

• NCS BIM Task Force: http://www.nibs.org/index.php/bsa/ncs/committee/taskteams/

• Penn State – Center for Integrated Construction (CIC): http://www.engr.psu.edu/ae/cic/bimex/download.aspx


http://www.esri.com/software/cityengine/casestudies/index.html

http://www.stanford.edu/group/CIFE/

http://www.nibs.org/index.php/bsa/ncs/committee/taskteams/

http://www.engr.psu.edu/ae/cic/bimex/download.aspx

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3D-GIS Technologies with the Unity Run-time

– 3D-GIS for non-GIS Users

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– City of Rochester – 3D Spatial Model

• 3D-GIS

• Master Planning

• Community Outreach

– Features

• 3D Modeling and database integration

– CAD – Autodesk Revit

– GIS – ArcGIS/ArcGlobe

» Aerial Imagery

Featured Case Studies

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Featured Case Studies

– University of Rochester, Virtual Campus Model

• 3D-GIS

• 20-year Master Plan

• Fundraising

– Features

• 3D Modeling and database integration

– CAD – Autodesk Revit

– GIS – ArcView/ArcExplorer

» Aerial Imagery - Pictometry

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Questions ???

Thank You!

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the use of 3d-gis applications for planning and design

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