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SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 1
The SYNER-G project
Kyriazis Pitilakis, Coordinator
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Systemic Seismic Vulnerability and Risk Analysis
for Buildings, Lifeline Networks
and Infrastructures Safety Gain
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 2
SYNER-G consortium
14 participants from 11 countries
GRE FRA AUS BEL NOR ITA GER TUR UK USA JAP
AUTH
VCE
BRGM
JRC
NGI
UPAV
UROMA
METU
AMRA
KIT
UPAT
WILLIS
UILLINOIS
UKOBE
Duration: 36 + 5 months
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 3
SYNER-G concept and goals
Critical
Facilities
Transportation
Systems
Utility and
Infrastructure
Systems
Building Stock
Physical
Damage
Social and Economic
Consequences
Housing
Economic
Loss
Health
Emergency Shelter,
Temporary Housing
Direct Damage, Price
Increases, Business
Interruption, Supply
Disruption
Casualties,
Fatalities, Health Care
Disruption
Social
DisruptionEmergency Supplies,
Family Separation
Hazard
Event
Short Term Long Term
Relocation,
Displacement
Fiscal Impacts,
Business Failure,
Job Loss,
Reconstruction
Psychological
Distress,
Chronic Injury
Family Stress,
Neighborhood
DisruptionSo
cia
l a
nd
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co
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mic
V
uln
era
bility
So
cia
l a
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co
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V
uln
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bility
Assessment
of Impact
Syste
mic
vuln
era
bility
Syste
mic
vuln
era
bility
Syste
mic
V
uln
era
bility
Soc
ia
l an
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co
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mic V
uln
era
bility
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 4
SYNER-G main objectives
1. Encompass all past and ongoing knowledge and know-how on
this topic at a European and International level
2. Develop a unified taxonomy, typology and inventory for all
elements at risk and systems
3. Review and select the most advanced fragility functions and
methods to assess the physical and societal-economic
vulnerability of all assets, improving and further developing
new ones where necessary, considering European distinctive
features
4. Propose the most appropriate means for seismic hazard
assessment at system level (including spatial correlation of
ground motion, site effects and geotechnical hazards)
adequate to SYNER-G
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 5
SYNER-G main objectives
5. Develop a unified methodology to assess vulnerability at a
system level considering interdependencies between elements at
risk, belonging within systems and between different systems as a
whole at different scales (local, city, regional, national…)
6. Build an appropriate open-source software and tool to deal with
systemic vulnerability, risk and loss assessment
7. Validate the effectiveness of the methodology and tools to
selected case studies at city and regional scale
8. Propose adequate guidelines and build appropriate dissemination
schemes for all products of the project at European and
International level
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013
Synergies
6
Seismic risk - Overview
Inventory, Taxonomy
Importance
Seismic risk management
Risk Damages, losses
Dead, injured, displaced people
Indirect & Economical losses
Buildings, Lifelines,
Infrastructures,
Population, Activities
Site effects,
Spatial correlations
Seismic
Hazard (& Geotechnical
hazards)
Vulnerability Exposure/
Elements at risk
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 7
• Taxonomy/ Ontology
• Classification in several categories and classes
• Seismic hazard
• Fragility functions
• Vulnerability assessment of elements at risk
• Systemic analysis, synergies
• Risk assessment and losses at system’s level
• Socio-economic losses
Systemic approach – Main Steps
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 8
• Buildings
• Energy systems (gas/oil, electric power)
• Water and sewage systems
• Transportation and infrastructure systems (road, railway, port)
• Critical facilities (e.g. hospitals, fire fighting system)
Elements at risk
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 9
SYNER-G project
workflow GENERAL METHODOLOGY
PHYSICAL
VULNERABILITY & LOSSES
for elements and systems
SOCIO-ECONOMIC
VULNERABILITY & LOSSES
for elements and systems
SYSTEMIC VULNERABILITY & LOSSES
APPLICATION & VALIDATION
GUIDELINES &
DISSEMINATION
SOFTWARE
TOOLS
Buildings &
Aggregates
Utility
Systems
Transportation
Infrastructures
Critical
facilities
Urban Scale
Thessaloniki city
Vienna city
Utility - Transportation
Gas network (L’Aquila)
Motorway in Italy
Electric network in Italy
Harbor of Thessaloniki
Critical Facilities
Hospital facility
in Italy
Interdependencies
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 11
Taxonomy: Utility networks
Electric Power Systems
Electric power grids
Generation plants
Substations
Distribution circuits
Macro components
Micro components
Gas & Oil Networks
Natural Gas System
Production facilities and extra
European supply sources
Tank farms
Pipelines
Stations
Oil System
Refineries
Pumping plants
Water and Waste-Water Systems
Tanks
Water treatment plant
Canals
Tunnels
Pipes
Pumping stations
Waste-water treatment plant
Lift station
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 12
Typology: Buildings
FRM/FRMM/P/E/C-CM/D/FS-FSM/RS-RSM/HL-NS/CL
Force Resisting Mechanism (FRM) Moment Resisting Frame, Bearing Wall..
FRM Material (FRMM) Masonry, Concrete, Fired Brick, Stone..
Plan (P) Regular, Irregular..
Elevation (E) Regular/irregular geometry..
Cladding (C) Regular/irregular vertically..
Cladding Material (CM) Fired brick, glazing, open first floor..
Detailing (D) Ductile, non-ductile, with tie-rods..
Floor System (FS) Rigid, flexible..
Floor System Material (FSM) RC, steel, timber..
Roof System (RS) Peaked, flat..
Roof System Material (RSM) Timber, thatch..
Height Level (HL)/Number of Stories (NS) Low, mid, high-rise, 1, 2, 3..
Code Level (CL) None, low code, mid code, high code..
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 13
Seismic Hazard
SHARE
EC/FP7 research project
www.share-eu.org
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 14
Seismic Hazard Development of Shake-Fields
• Stochastic Simulation
• Generation of spatially correlated
and cross-correlated fields for
ground motion intensity measures
(IMs) – i.e. PGA, PGV, Sa, etc
• Multiple source typologies
• Area Sources
• Simple Fault Sources
• Complex Fault Sources
• Site effects
• Extension to geotechnical hazard
(liquefaction, fault crossing,
landslide displacements)
Median PGA (g)
Ground motion residuals (ε)
PGA on rock (g)
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 16
Physical Vulnerability: Fragility Curves
- Review available fragility curves
- Select fragility curves based on
SYNER-G taxonomy for all elements
at risk, through:
- Adapt/modify of existing ones
- Validation studies
- Develop new fragility curves
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 17
Store, Visualize, Manage large number of fragility functions sets
Fragility Function Manager Tool
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 18
Each system is specified with its:
Components
Solving algorithms – Interactions between components
Performance indicators
Interactions with other systems
Buildings Electric power
Water
Gas
Roadway
Harbor
Health care
Systemic analysis
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 19
BDG EPN WSS GAS OIL RDN HBR HCS
Buildings BDG D D D D G D
Power EPN P P P P P P
Water WSS P P
Gas GAS P P P P
Oil OIL P P
Roads RDN P P P
Harbor HBR D
Hospitals HCS D
Impacts
P: Physical D: Estimation of demand G: Geographical
Two-ways interaction
One-way interaction
Systemic analysis: Interdependencies
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 20
Interactions - Impacts
Direct
losses
Shelter Needs
Index
Health Impact
Index
Socio-economic Indicator Model
Indirect
losses
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 21
2
11
0
3
4
13
5
7
6
8
14
1
189
17
10
15
12
19
16
Shelter Needs Index (SNI)
SCD_WGS84
SCD_WGS84.SNI / none
0,000000000 - 0,025800001
0,025800002 - 0,056899998
0,056899999 - 0,185000002
0,185000003 - 0,334199995
0,334199996 - 0,611000001
Legend
open_areas1
<all other values>
USE
church
hospital
military
open area-oaed
park
park, parking
parking
school
school, sport
social
sport
square
university
SCD_WGS84
SCD_WGS84.SNI / none
0,000000000 - 0,025800001
0,025800002 - 0,056899998
0,056899999 - 0,185000002
0,185000003 - 0,334199995
0,334199996 - 0,611000001
Low
High
Shelter Needs
Example: Shelter Needs (Thessaloniki case study)
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 22
Inventory
• Census Data, Owner/Operators Data
• Urban Audit/EUROSTAT
• National Census
• Network operators databases
Water system of
Thessaloniki
Buildings database of Vienna
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 23
Inventory
• Ground surveys
The AeDES survey form
(Italy)
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 24
Inventory
• Remote sensing techniques (optical, SAR etc)
• Land-uses, build-up areas,
• Building geometry
• Utility & transportation network characteristics
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013
23.05, 40.52
23°4'0"E
23°4'0"E
23°2'0"E
23°2'0"E
23°0'0"E
23°0'0"E
22°56'0"E
22°56'0"E
22°52'0"E
22°52'0"E
22°48'0"E
22°48'0"E
22°44'0"E
22°44'0"E
22°40'0"E
22°40'0"E
40°46'0"N 40°46'0"N
40°44'0"N 40°44'0"N
40°42'0"N 40°42'0"N
40°40'0"N 40°40'0"N
40°38'0"N 40°38'0"N
40°36'0"N 40°36'0"N
40°34'0"N 40°34'0"N
40°32'0"N 40°32'0"N
40°30'0"N 40°30'0"N
40°28'0"N 40°28'0"N
40°26'0"N 40°26'0"N
PGA rock (g)
0.01 - 0.1
0.1 - 0.2
0.2 - 0.3
0.3 - 0.4
0.4 - 0.5
0.5 - 0.6
980
ΠΡΑΣΙΝΑ
ΚΙΤΡΙΝΑ
ΚΟΚΚΙΝΑ
ΚΑΤΑΝΟΜΗ ΒΛΑΒΩΝ
980
ΠΡΑΣΙΝΑ
ΚΙΤΡΙΝΑ
ΚΟΚΚΙΝΑ
26
Methodology & Software tools
Hazard Definition &
Seismic Intensity
Measures (IM)
Inventory
Selection
Fragility
Models
Damage & Loss
Prediction
Decision
Support
Waterfront structures - H<=10m, Vs=250m/s
0,00
0,25
0,50
0,75
1,00
0,00 0,20 0,40 0,60 0,80 1,00 1,20 1,40
PGA - rock (g)
Pro
bab
ilit
y o
f exceed
an
ce
minor damages moderate damages extensive damages
Systemic
Analysis
SHAKEFIELDS
SHARE
FRAGILITY
MANAGER TOOL
OBJECT ORIENTED
PARADIGM
SYNER-G
platform
OOFIMS: Object Oriented Framework
for Infrastructure Modeling and Simulation
2
11
0
3
4
13
5
7
6
8
14
1
189
17
10
15
12
19
16
Shelter Needs
Health Impact
Accessibility analysis
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 27
SYNER-G platform
SYNER-G platform
Inventory /GIS database
Input for OOFIMS
Post-processing
& Mapping Pre-processing
Computation modules
OOFIMS:
Object Oriented Framework for
Infrastructure Modeling and Simulation
2
11
0
3
4
13
5
7
6
8
14
1
189
17
10
15
12
19
16
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 28
Computation Modules
Input Output Modules
Hazard Mapping
System Performance
Consequence Analysis
Decision Support
Simulations
Sa
telli
te I
ma
ge
s
Mo
nito
ring
S
yste
ms
Su
rve
illa
nce
In
pu
t
Exte
rna
l D
ata
ba
ses
Tra
nsp
ort
atio
n
Lan
dslid
es
Build
ing I
nvento
ry
Life
lines
Emergency Plan L
ife
line M
odu
le
Bu
ildin
g D
am
ag
e
An
aly
sis
Fra
gili
ty M
ana
ge
r
De
cis
ion S
upp
ort
GIS
Mo
du
le
Sce
na
rio
Ge
ne
rato
r
Loss E
stim
ation
Ha
za
rd M
odu
le
Va
lidatio
n M
odu
le
Dis
aste
r M
ana
ge
- m
ent M
odu
le
Inpu
t F
rag
ilitie
s
PLATFORM
Inpu
t G
ene
rato
r f
or
OO
FIM
S
Connection M
odule
fo
r M
CD
A s
oft
wa
re
Inpu
t O
OF
IMS
S
ocio
-Eco
no
mic
M
odu
le
Inpu
t M
CD
A
SYNER-G platform
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 29
Urban area in
Thessaloniki, Greece
Urban area in
Vienna, Austria
Buildings, networks
Validation studies
Buildings, Road network,
Water supply system,
Electric power network,
Shelter needs & Accessibility
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 30
Validation studies
Gas network,
L’ Aquila, Italy
Road Network,
Calabria, S. Italy
Electric Power Network,
Sicily, Italy
Hospital facilities,
Ιtaly
Harbor of
Thessaloniki, Greece
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 31
• SYNER-G web portal (www.syner-g.eu)
• 80 deliverables (reports, software tools, dissemination material…)
• 7 Reference reports
• 2 Books (Springer ed.)
• Journal and conference papers
• 3 Workshops
• Thessaloniki, 1 March 2013
• Vienna, 7 March 2013
• Milano – Final Workshop, 21-22 March 2013
• Link to other projects (e.g. Global Earthquake Model…..)
• End-Users
Dissemination
SYNER-G Final Workshop, Milano, 21-22 March 2013 32
• Italy: Department of Civil Protection (supporting L’Aquila test site); ENEL
Rete
• Turkey: Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality’s Directorate of Earthquake
and Grounds Research; Ministry of Public Works and Settlement-General
Directorate of Disaster Affairs.
• Greece: Region of Central Macedonia; State Company of Natural Gas;
Water and Waste Water Authority of Thessaloniki; Egnatia Odos S.A.;
Civil Protection
• Slovenia: Administration of the Republic of Slovenia for Civil Protection
and Disaster Relief
• Austria: City of Vienna
• Germany: Munich Re
• USA: ASCE/TCLEE
End users