The Summer Chronicle Duke University Volume 6, Number 8 Monday, July 5,1976 Durham, North Carolina

Byrne sets aim at toolicy role

By H o w a r d G o l d b e r g Bradley Byrne, a rising senior in Trinity College, has

emerged as a key figure in the area of admissions and financial aid.

As a member of the Undergraduate Faculty Council of A n s and Sciences (UFCASl Admissions and Financial Aid Committee, Byrne has decided there is a need to iden­tify financial aid recipients' general expenditures.

He says the financial aid office tells students they should be spending about $400 on miscellaneous items, and charged, 'They have no idea what students spend their money on."

Byrne convinced the committee to sponsor a study of expenditures by several select work-study students. A subcommittee was set up, consisting of Byrne; I. Croom Beatty, then director of financial aid; Clark Cahow, direc­tor of undergraduate admissions and financial aid; Peter Coyle of the Financial Aid Office; and Ned Kennington, a policy researcher who works under Cahow.

Byrne and Kennington conducted a two-week pilot study in which six work-study students logged all their expenditures. Both Byrne and Cahow said the records were kept confidential with the use of code names.

According to Byrne, the purpose of the study, which will be conducted on a larger scale in the fall, is "to generate policy questions."

Byrne believes the data derived from the studies show that current financial aid limits are inadequate in covering general expenditures, the money students feel they must spend beyond measurable room, board, books and supplies. Byrne also says the use of his study will in­volve value judgements.

Using examples from a Chronicle reporter's question, Byrne said the da ta could be used to tell, "How much money we allow Duke students for cultural affairs or social affairs or smoking marijuana or calling your girlfriend."

Byrne said the results would be report­ed back to the UFCAS committee, which has three student members. Until then, he noted, "I am the student's input to the whole decision."

Byrne, himself a financial aid recipient, is an ASDU executive. However, the study he is conducting this fall will be paid for by the Admissions Office.

Byrne also intends to head an ASDU task force to study admissions and finan­cial aid. Cahow praises Byrne's efforts. The director of undergraduate admissions and financial aid also contends, "1 have never made a significant decision in this office without going through ASDU first."

Dur ing recent personnel shuffling. Cahow has called in Byrne as the ASDU representative for consultation. Byrne s a y s C a h o w h a s b e e n v e r y straightforward with him. His only com­plaint has been with Provost Frederic C l e a v e l a n d , t h e pe r son u l t i m a t e l y responsible for the decisions involved

T h e Provost never did consult me or anyone in ASDU," Byrne said about the recent changes.

Jim Belvin has become associate director of financial aid. (Photo by Jay Anderson)

New zones, meters planned for fall

Parking rules to change

Belvin to run financial aid

By H o w a r d Goldberg J i m Belvin, the assistant bursar, has become associate

director of financial aid, replacing I. Croom Beatty in run­ning the day-to-day operations of that office.

Clark Cahow, director of undergraduate admissions and financial aid, said the position was offered to Belvin because of his "management experience and overview of financial aid."

Belvin, 29, has been at Duke for five years and is a native of Durham. He has been in charge of billing and the collection and refund of fees. Asked Thursday about his new job, he said, 'Tm pretty excited about it." He not­ed that as assistant bursar, his office was a "contact point for parents and students who need some explanation" of financial aid policies.

By t h e book Belvin said Cahow would remain as the decision­

maker in questions of University policy on financial aid. Cahow mentioned that he would publish a procedural manual this year to guide the operation.

Cahow said the admissions and financial aid offices would be "involved in new things." He explained, "We're going to have to do some analytical studies." Specifically, Cahow said there was a need to determine "what is the bearable loan limit an undergraduate can manage."

Some schools in the same class with Duke have stu­dents graduating with debts of $8,500 to $9,500, accord­ing to Cahow. At Duke, the total graduates may owe the University never exceeds $3,600, though students may also have debts of up to $1,200 to the government through federally insured loans, he added.

Cahow asserted that easing the payback burden might pay dividends in greater alumnae contributions. He said he had plans "to do more in terms of raising financial aid money."

Cahow also said there was a need to analyze cost-of-

l iv ing variat ions within

By David S t e w a r t Park ing meters near both

libraries and a new parking zone on Union Drive are the major changes facing campus drivers in the fall.

The changes are part of the Traffic Commission's "patch up job" after the Academic Council rejected the sweeping changes proposed by the commission in May, according to Wil l iam Y o h e , Traff ic C o m m i s s i o n chairman.

The meters will be installed behind the libraries and behind the Union and on Union Drive, he said, to provide easy access to these high-use areas.

The new zone (Zone R) wil! be created from spaces on Union Drive presently in Zone B. Ac­

cess to these spaces wi 11 be limited to employes who work in or near the Union.

Zone B overflow To deal with Zone B overflow

created by the elimination of t h e spaces, zone lots nea r Engineering and AROD build­ings will be designated both X a n d B .

No on-campus students will be affected by the zone changes, according to Preston Stainback, coordinator of the Traffic Office. But some off-campus students will be moved to Zone S, on Science Drive, and Zone T near t h e W e s t C a m p u s t e n n i s courts.f The changes should a l l e v i a t e p rob lems in t h e

Academic Council members ex­pres sed concern for h igher faculty and employe parking rates for convenient parking areas. These rates would have been increased from the present $20 per year to $72.

Student rates would have in­creased to $45 for the nine month academic year.

T h e seldom-used pa rk ing areas behind the West campus tennis courts and at the in­tersection of campus drive and Highway 751, which would be served by the shuttle buses, would cost only $10 a year un­der the plan. sLast week Yohe expressed dis­may at the Academic Council's

popular Zone B areas, according rejection of the proposal, saying to Yohe, but "next year Zone A is going to be a problem."

The traffic commission plan rejected by the Academic Coun­cil would have solved the alloca­tion problems in the convenient A and B lots he said.

The plan would have institut­ed differential parking rates based on demand to allocate spaces, and would have in-

he is convinced the plan is by far the best alternative, and therefore will be presented again in the fall.

In rejecting the proposal, the council suggested that catn-pusdwide hear ings be held before such dramatic changes are instituted and that other solutions be studied.

Yohe said he is not convinced

History needn't be relegated to the stacks. See the Ruby supplement inside.

corporated automatic gates to of the necessity of hearings, cit-enforce zoning regulations. ing the poor turnout for hear-

The plan also called for "de- ings when parking zones were p e n d a h l e " s h u t t l e b u s instituted.f He also said the transportation lo and from the c o m m i s s i o n had e x a m i n e d peripheral lots and the main every possible alternative. "We campus. spent years on the proposal," he

In rejecting the proposal the quipped.

cities for evaluat ing in­dividual families' financial situations. Tt would make us a more cosmopolitan school," he claimed. T t would bring to us more of the fine minority students we now lose."

Fami l i a r figure Cahow announced Bill

Jones, an area manager of the Dining Halls, would help t h e office contact a lumnae about contribu­tions. "1 don't go to an a lumnae meeting without hearing, "How's Bill Jones?' " Cahow remarked.

In other developments in the admissions-f inancial aid personnel reshuffling, Cahow said Patsy Bennett, a Duke grauduate working in the admissions office, would become a full-time a d m i s s i o n s c o u n s e l o r . Cahow expressed pleasure at the vacancy being filled with the promotion of so­meone in the office. T m a firm believer in looking in­side first," he said.

Cahow said there were two applicants for associate director of financial aid, Belvin and Kathy Wright. who works in the financial aid office.

Same t i t le I. Croom Beat ty . the

former director of financial aid will become associate d i r e c t o r of a d m i s s i o n s when he returns from vaca-

{Continued on page 2)

Page Two The Summer Chronicle Monday, July 5,1976

THE Daily Crossword SSS8-ACROSS

1 Sail sup­port

5 Pick up, as an opt ion

10 Overly con­tr ived

14 Taj Mahal site

15 La Scala offering

16 Dam's mate 17 Algerian

port 18 Dance 20 Dance 22 Picks up

the tab 23 State w i th

convict ion 24 Mosque call

Yesterday's

25 Two wives of Henry

27 Dances 31 Sediment 32 " - a big

red rose" 33 Tango caper 34 Roman

emperor 35 Pre-Juras-

sic strata 36 Mantle 37 Mink 38 Trackman

Jesse 39 Ottoman

sultan 40 Doing a

dance 42 Yearbook

group Puzzle Solved:

S H nann UUUBQHQ UQBSBa

aaaa amaa U H E B D noma nan

43 Otherwise 44 Coming be­

fore: abbr. 45 Galaxy

member 48 Dance 52 Dances 54 Right-hand

man 55 Steak order 56 Ear pol­

lution 57 Glade or

green 58 Plaintiff 59 Conjecture 60 Judge

DOWN 1 "Bal lad of

Reading — " 2 Kind of

culture 3 Ollie's

fr iend 4 Dance 5 Fr. stones 6 Ancient Gr.

official 7 Kind of

t ide 8 Misdo 9 Dancers

10 Say O.K. 11 Dancer

Moreno 12 Turkey or

fox 13 Longings

19 Dele 21 Montand 24 Celebes

oxen 25 Rubinstein 26 Indira's

father 27 In debt . 28 Certain

cheeses 29 Meerschaums 30 Burned up

the road 31 Remove 32 Musical

revival 35 Doing a

dance 36 Did a dance 38 Peep show

fan 39 Beverages 41 Sex 42 Crucial

situations 44 Newspapers,

in general 45 Between O

a n d T 46 Hilo feast 47 Bern's riv­

er, on a Swiss map

48 Netman

49 Jazz jargon 50 - fixe 51 Bacillus 53 Skip t o M y -

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© 1976 by Chicago Tr ibune-N. Y. News Synd. I All Rights Reserved

-Belvin takes financial aid post-(Continued from page 1) of a d m i s s i o n s " t o be Cahow added that all appl

tion. However, Beatty won't responsible for the day-to- c an t s would meet take the play of former ; soc i a t e di rector of ad­missions Robert Simpson, according to Cahow.

Cahow said Duke placed na t iona l adver t i sements

day operation of the entire C h a n c e l l o r Ken P y e , o f f i c e , " i n c l u d i n g p r o v o s t F r e d e r i c r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s b o t h Cleaveland , Dean John Simpson and Cahow had. Fe in , ASDU execu t ive

He said there were two Bradley Byrne, s tudent c a n d i d a t e s for the job trustee Kevin Moore and

for a new associate director w i t h i n the U n i v e r s i t y , the admissions office staff.

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Celebrating the Anniversary

of The American Revolution

Four People in America

The Ties That Bind Us By Steven P e t r o w

If your goal is a better understanding of the people of this land, trying to define the "typical" or "average" American is a worthless enterprise. Statistics concerning sex, income, race and religion may give us some insight, but in the end these figures do little in drawing together the American character, or perhaps more accurately the American characters.

Th e four vignettes which follow are in no way meant to be representative of the American people, rather through their diversity and commonality of desires, ideas, emo­tions, imaginations, needs and sensibilities we may begin to understand ourselves and our neighbors in a deeper and broader way.

Beatrice, Rice, Charlie and Michele are pseudonyms for real people. Certain other information has also been changed when it seemed necessary to protect the charac­ter's t rue identity. In one way or another I have known Beatrice, Rice, Charlie and Michele for periods ranging from one month to nineteen years. I chose to write about these four persons, because in my opinion, they are impor­tant and interesting people. It is frequently such people as these who are forgotten about or overlooked by their contemporaries because they hold no particular claim to fame. Their "claim to fame," if we must call it that, is that these are people who, for the most part, have options and alternatives and yet cannot seem to, break loose from themselves, from the past, from "the stream," from family.

Bea t r i ce is a 78 y e a r old w o m a n . She lives alone in an Upper East side apartment building in New York Ci­ty. She pays rent of $525 a month; her only income beside stock dividends is her monthly social security check. Beatrice never married, she never had the time. Of course, she would say she had offers, but there was her job. When Beatrice retired in 1968, she ended two decades as editor-in-chief of a major monthly periodical.

On Saturday nights Beatrice watches Mary Tyler Moore do her show. Sitting there watching the two of them (Beatrice and Maryi, one wonders which is more like the other. Glamourous Mary always manages to make a comedy out of the story; Beatrice's story will not end with canned laughter and a line of credits.

She is dying now. It has been happening for three years. In 1973 when her best and perhaps only true friend (my grandmother i died, Beatrice knew she was to follow. We didn't know at first. These days she doesn't hesitate to say she has no reason to live, that she wants to die. Beatrice cannot walk, her heart is weak. Her only relative, a nephew, lives 15 hours away and visits infrequently. She has too much pride to tell him that all is not well. She wan t s him to remember her as the attractive older woman that used to visit and take him out to dinner when he was an undergraduate at Yale.

Today she sits in her library, the dust long settled on the tops of the books, sipping Scotch and reading the Forsyte Saga Since Grandma died she has read that book thirteen times. Smoking Winston's she sits in her high backed chair waiting. Often the television is on, but she pays little attention, not even to Walter.

Last month she cut a few people out of her will; those who haven't paid her much notice lately, those who could not and would not put up with her bitter anger. Beatrice needs to go to a nursing home, but has seen too many of her friends go thai route. She knows. Her mind is al) there, except for when she hallucinates. When I visit she acts as though I were still a child and pretends that nothing has changed. Things have changed though, her hair goes unfixed, her face unmade. In some ways she is walking naked now.

Recently we were talking about time, and she said with her face blank of any expression: "Every day is a Sunday to me. Each day is the same and goes on forever." Yet just mention the name Nixon and all the life and vigor and color comes back to her face as she curses him out, as she did in 1968.

Old friends say of Beatrice that she never loved, others say she loved my grandfather, I think she loved too much.

Mary Tyler Moore has finished up tonight, so Beatrice picks up her book and continues on.

Not even half of Bea t r ice ' s y e a r s Rice has lived through much hell and heat in his score and a half. Born on St. Thomas in the Virgin Islands, Rice was the typical "Dating Game" bachelor. He was all-American; he was ail messed up. His daddy wanted him to go to the best of schools and so he did, Columbia undergraduate and then to the University of Chicago for post-graduate work which he never finished. Rice was at Columbia in 1968; Rice was outside the White House gates and on the Capitol lawn for many of the years after that.

The press called young men like him "hippies" and "student activists." Spiro Agnew called them other things. What did they know?

Rice was both very similar to and different from his peers. Most of them cared very much about America, about America's moralily and integrity, in spite of what the "silent majority" sometimes thought they thought. What made Rice different was that he was willing to die for the America he sought. He wasn't willing to die in a rice paddy or under a mosquito net in some jungle, but he risked his life in both Chicago and Washington. He was shot at and teargassed, he was clubbed in those bloody-battles with America's finest. He fought the battles, win­ning some, losing more. He lost on the personal front. Then he shivered and he shook as he cried in his sweat. Sometimes writers get carried away and exaggerate circumstances, this is no exaggeration, his eyes bled.

Rice paid a stiff price for his adventuresome youth. A price that still overtakes him at times. Free-lance writing

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Leah Devereau Palmer

now. Rice is still living in the '60s, in an odd way roman­ticizing what used to be and is no more. Rice was partially molded by the club sticks of the Chicago police.

ln the eight years since then, he has matured. His youth has faded somewhat, his eyes show sign of age and fatigue. He works diligently now; he can wait for social change. The blind anger he fought with once has dissipat­ed some.

Rice will tell you he believes in America, that he always did. He lives comfortably now amidst all the l iberal- intel legensia authors , a longside Bach and Mozart. He is happily married and may be realizing his golden boy days after all.

Yet, it was only last fall when Rice said. "What we need now is a new drug or another good movement."

Golden boy? Char l ie is a y o u n g b lack man , or as they still say in

the South, a colored boy. Most whiles won't call him "nig­ger" to bis lace, but other blacks certainly do. He is what is called a migrant. Charlies picks vegetables, the vegetables we eat: he has done this for live years now. Charlie is 19. He spends the winter in Haines City, Florida, the spring in South Carolina and the summer and fall in eastern North Carolina. He doesn't like North Carolina very much because "they ain't enough women here." Charlie's voice is throaty and voluminous. People

listen to Charlie when he talks because he is the bossmans nephew. He knows it and they know it.

Charlie works when there is money to be made. Charlie fights when there is a fight to be won. He is a wise-ass, he teases the old men, even taunts them. He chases the women. On the camp they call him Ji t terbug; you should see him dance — usually alone. Most Friday nights he comes in from work and starts picking his afro. By 7 p.m. he looks twelve inches taller wilh his hair and heels. Pink bellbottoms and a flashy shirt, he is ready. He is stun­ning.

He waits for some action. There are no women under 45 at the camp, there are few women who will have anything to do with him. "I wanna be your pimp," he tells "em as he meets "em. Around eight o'clock he starts calling for a doc­tor. "I got a broken heart." This happens every week-end, with few exceptions. The few Friday's he scores he doesn't forget.

The weekdays are all alike for Charlie just as Beatrice's days are the same except that Charlie has little time to waste. Up before dawn, Charlie and the crew start work just after six. They work until noon without stop­ping. The soil earlier cool and damp from the dew becomes dry and irritating as his hands reach down through the sweet potato plant leaves and yank! You pick sweet potatoes iCharlie calls them "taters"iby the row. It is not until 11:30 that Charlie first sees the end of his row. At 2:30 he gets there.

Sitting in the dirt, pulling, edging down the row, the temperature mounting, that is his day. That is every day. The sun drains you in a continuous process out in the field. There is no escape from it. By 3 p.m. Charlie has had it. Quitt ing time isn't until 4. The last hour is a long one. The next day will be a long one. The next week no dif­ferent. Charlie won't look any further than that.

Friday night comes again and as the sun fills the western sky with strokes of orange-yellows. Charlie calls out to no one in particular: "Isn't there a doctor who can do something for a hard dick?"

T o d a y is Michele 's b i r t hday . She is 19 as Charlie is; however, she is quite unlike Charlie. In between her freshman and sophomore years at Georgetown Universi­ty, Michele is working as a library computer programmer for a large and prestigious D.C. law firm. Ask Michele what she wants to do and she'll tell you, "1 want to be a

wyer, a good lawyer.'" Her father is a German-Jewish immigrant. He went to

dancing school with Henry Kissinger a long time ago. He came to America, married his sweetheart and set up his own textile business outside of New York. Michele loves her father and is usually proud of him. Sometimes she wishes he didn't have an accent or that he had gone to col­lege like most of her friends' parents, but really this has become less important to her.

Raised in relative comfort, if not in luxury, by some standards Michele wants to do better for herself. She wants to be a "professional," as they call lawyers nowadays. She is interested in and attracted to making money and spending that money. She shops only at the chic boutiques and dresses the part of a smart looking lawyer.

Knowing Michele in any intimate way, one finds that she is not the image she projects herself to be. She is in­secure and needs continual affirmation. She will be the first to tell you that she is not happy and that her life will not be a happy one. "Why?" you ask and she will say that s the way it will go. She is fatalistic like many in her generation and in bondage through responsibilities and obligations she refuses to throw off.

Michele and I both grew up side by side, having been born in the same hospital a week apart. Last month Michele's family moved to Westchester leaving their New York home of 23 years. Michple is spending the summer in Washington for various reasons, primarily because now she has no home.

Fditur's .\ti/c; Shivn Petrtw in lhe editorial chairman of The ChntituU: A rising junittr in Trinity College, he is uttrktng uuh migrant* around Ronehtmt, S.C this sum-

Close to home-

A Penny For Your Thoughts Maybe it was the heat. I advertised this Ruby supplement in the

last two issues of The Summer Chronicle, and posted more than a dozen leaflets in key places. I was certainly surprised when no-one in the University community took up my invitation to submit thoughts on the question, "Where should America be headed in i ts third century?'*.

I had some hesitation about doing a "Bicentennial" Ruby. The national celebra­tion has been marred by an unctuous sort of commercialism. There was a certain amount of good fun involved, so even in our enlightened University we might enjoy a "Bicentennial Blowout" with red, white and blue beer. However, we should also be doing some sober reflection on what has happened to the rights a few colonists declared and many more fought for.

The articles (I should say dispatches since they all come from out-of-town) in this sup­plement were written with no common theme, but when I looked at them all together I did learn a lesson.

Normally in this space, The Chronicle has printed The Almanac of past events on the current date. It was always interesting for me to note that, for example, 'Thirty-one y e a r s ago t o d a y G e n e r a l D o u g l a s Mac A r t h u r l i b e r a t e d t h e P h i l i p p i n e Islands." Immediately, though, I would classify this event mentally as something that had not happened during my lifetime, but during my father's.

Significant in my perception of the reality and meaning of the event was my un­conscious knowledge that my father was in the Army then, and probably heard about the victory on the radio. An Almanac item about the Declaration of Independence would fall into an ent i re ly different category.

The Declaration was adopted 200 years ago yesterday. Nobody I know is old enough to have ever known anyone who fought in the Revolutionary War or even heard first­hand about the Continental Congree's dar­ing act.

We could only rely on history books to tell us the story. The column on the other side of this page raised some important questions

about our use of the history of the Revolu­tion. I believe Ted Howard was too harsh in his negative generalizations about pro­fessional historians. On the other hand, none at Duke had any thoughts to publish for the University community to read in this sup­plement. Another familiar incident futher indicted, in my mind, those who teach his­tory.

On a recent July 4. an Associated Press re­porter approached 50 people with a typed copy of the Declaration of Independence, asking for signatures. Only one person agreed to sign.

The newsman reported, 'Two called it 'Commie junk," one threatened to call the police, and another warned: "Be careful who you show that kind of anti-government stuff to, buddy. '"

The words of the Declaration are eloquent in their simplicity. Why have the Lockean ideas not permeated the nation's conscious­ness? Perhaps historians were more in­terested in pointing out how Jefferson changed the right to property into the euphemism "happiness" than in explaining what the document would mean if its ideas were carried out in full today. Compare our understanding with that of the Soviet stu­dents described on page six.

As individuals, we have been bound by our pat terns of experience, lust and routine. Steve Petrow elaborated on this theme on the previous page. I submit that our national consc iousness migh t only abso rb in­telligence through those patterns. We have a high literacy rate and a tremendous capaci­ty to disseminate information, but we are not a nation of readers. Television com­mercials reign supreme in the people's minds.

We could apprec ia te the Amer ican Revolution in our short public attention span only through "You Are There" type simulated experience, ritualistic Bicenten nial Minutes, or through a popular musical like 1776, which gave the impression Jef­ferson finished writing the Declaration only as a byproduct of the satisfaction of his sex­ual needs.

Certainly, then, what little conception We The People have of our inalienable r ights

The People's Business By Amy Levinson

WASHLNGTON-4n the aftermath of America's celebration of its Revolution, the People's Bicentennial Commission (PBC) is going to change its name, but not its revolutionary zeal for economic reform.

"We want to continue the debate on al ternative institutions to economic order on such issues as producer/consumer cooperatives, public banks and utilities, and land trust," said PBC founder Jeremy Rifkin in a recent interview. "Our main job is to build a movement in the streets and in the schools to implement a transi­tion in power."

Sit t ing comfortably behind his desk in the nonair-condi tioned headquarters of the PBC, Rifkin said that the organization would probably change its name to the People's Business Commission later this year. He claimed this new PBC will con­t inue to wage an unending war against what Rifkin says are the "corporate monarchs" that dominate the American economy.

Challenging corporate tyranny The first major "battle" of the war,

aimed at promoting the system of private enterprise and "independence from big business and big government" in the Unit­ed Sta tes , is presently being fought between the PBC and Mobil Oil 'see story right ' . Rifkin hopes this is jusl lhe first in a series of direct confrontations with

large, multi-national corporations. ' I t is unfortunate that the Mobil story

was not treated as a top story by the media," he said. "This is the single biggest violation of U.S. laws in ten years." The direct collaboration between Mobil and Rhodesia against U.S. sanctions is, accord­ing to Rifkin, even "more dramatic" than the ITT and Gulf incidents that have oc­curred in the last few years.

Mobil "categorically denied" the PBC's allegations, attacking the organization as "left-wing radicals," Rifkin said.

Colonia l i sm ' T h e colonial policies of Mobil Oil and

other giant multinational companies are oppressing Black Africans, Americans and people in countries all across the globe," Rifkin said in a press conference two weeks ago. "We should now begin to challenge these corporate monarchs with a revolutionary movement to bring de­mocracy to the American economy."

Yesterday, the PBC awarded $10,000 to Larold Schulz of the Center for Social Ac­tion of the United Church of Christ for ex­hibiting "revolutionary patriotism" in making public information on Mobil Oil's corporate crimes.

An additional $15,000 will be awarded if and when the Mobi! Oil executives held responsible for the company's ostensibly illegal support of Rhodesia's white minori­ty government are convicted and im­prisoned.

might also be undermined by a concerted use of the same media. Thus, we come to the final article in this supplement, Amy L e v i n s o n ' s repor t from W a s h i n g t o n , Multinational corporations clearly have de­veloped an ability to safely violate our na­tion's laws, and they seek an end to what controls we have over their exploits.

Dav id Rockefeller wrote, "We m u s t launch a crusade for understanding to ex­plain why global corporations should have freer reign to move goods, capital and technology around the world without the in­terference of nation-states; but such a

Howard Goldberg crusade calls for the public relations cam­paign of the century."

Some might argue that our nation, born just 200 years ago, has become an outdated unit because of global interdependence. Others might carry this argument into "a crusade." Realizing this, would we not be faced with a choice of fighting to maintain our national independence or watching it disappear?

I raised the question, "Where should America be headed in its third century?" My answer is "to battle the insidious growth of the multinational corporations,"

Photo by |ay Anderson

Multinational Dealings

Mobil Oil Said To Vii By Amy Lev inson

W A S H I N G T O N - - T h e Mobil Oi l Corporation has been accused of supporting Rhodesia's government, in violation of U.S. Sanctions Regulations, by supplying this white minority regime with large quant i t ies of gasoline and diesel fuel over the past ten years.

In a recent press conference, members of the People's Bicentennial Commission (PBC) and Larold K. Schulz of the Center for Social Action of the United Church of Christ in Washington carefully documented the evidence that led them to make this accusa­tion public.

Schulz had received a number of confiden­tial Mobil documents from OKHELA, a secret organization of white South African militants. A supporter of the National Liberation struggle against colonialism and fascist apartheid, OKHELA procured its in­formation on Mobil 's affiliations with Rhodesia after a year of intensive investiga­tion.

A spokesman for Mobil, Fred Halpern. noted that OKHELA is "an extremely left-wing clandestine organization." Mobil did not deny the accusations.

Ken Peterson, Mobil's press relations supervisor, stated, "Mobil Oi! Corporation is s tudying the charges of alleged trade rela­tionships between Rhodesian and South African affiliates of Mobil Oil Corporation to determine whether affiliate activities have been consistent with Mobil's policy of com­pliance with U.S. regulations."

In April, Schulz received an anonymous go\ phone call from an OKHELA represen­tative, after which the organization sent him S numerous Mobil documents—letters , finan- ™'i cial records and statistics — to substantiate too their claim that Mobil was selling fuel to the 95 Rhodesian government via several bogus or- eqi ganizations. coi

Responding to the PBC's Patriot 's award dip offer — made three months ago —of $25,000 pos for evidence leading to the arrest, conviction tioi and imprisonment of "Fortune 500" com­pany executives engaged in illegal corporate Air activities, Schulz recently turned his in- wit formation over to the PBC. \

T thought it was better to go public," tot Shulz said at the press conference two weeks anc ago. "The Center for Social Action has participated in corporate campaigns direct­ed a g a i n s t c o r p o r a t i o n s invo lved in S o u t h e r n Africa, a n d h a s . . . focused pa r t i cu l a r l y on Rhodesian sanc t ions . " Knowing the church group's experience in Rhodesian affairs, OKHELA approached Schulz who sought legal advice on the Mobil documents, decided to make them public, and turned them over to the PBC.

In divulging the contents of OKHELA s documents at the press conference, PBC founder Jeremy Rifkin stated that "Mobil Oil has apparently worked in consort with the Rhodesian government for years and is largely responsible for maintaining the racist and oppressive policies of the present white ruled" regime in Rhodesia. Without Mobil's help," he added, "the white minority

Some New Approaches

Looking at American History -Ted Howard

Ted Howard is the eo-director of the People's Bicentennial Commission, a non­profit organization with headquarters in Washington, D.C.

Nearly a half century after he signed the Declaration of Independence, an aged John Adams wrote Thomas Jefferson, "Who shall write the history of the American Revolu­tion? Who can write it? Who will ever be able to write it?"

Were Adams alive today, he might look a r o u n d h im a t t h e t h o u s a n d s upon thousands of accounts of the Revolution — the textbooks, the biographies, the scholarly monographs and the collections of cor­respondence, the military, social and nar­rative histories — and ask a different ques­tion. "Who," he might wonder, "shall read the history of the American Revolution? Who can read it? Who will everbe able to re­ad i t?"

The t ruth is, that in the last two centuries, the events of the American Revolution have been hashed and rehashed, analyzed, syn­thesized and sanitized to no end. And after all of it, what do most of us know about the Revolution that founded this nation? How have the millions upon millions of words served to help us — the proverbial man and woman in the street — to better understand the original purpose and vision of America? The answer, of course, is that all of the words and books have done very little to give us a better sense of ourselves and our country. With libraries full of historical scholarship at our disposal, few of us know anything of substance about our past.

The fault, of course, lies partly at our own feet. But more importantly, blame must be affixed to the professional historical com­munity. Simply put, most of us know so little about the American past because very little his tory is wr i t ten wi th us, the non-academics, in mind. In 200 years, history has moved from a subject of popular concern and debate to the jealously guarded pursuit of scholars, theoreticians and professionals.

These academic historians have preempt­ed the past, the American Revolution along

with the rest of it; they have locked it up in monographs and scholarly treatises and made it inaccessible to the ordinary citizen. They have performed a kind of prefontal lobotomy on the general public and removed a substantial part of our historical aware­ness. In short, historians, with their plod­ding and endless pursuit of "objective" facts to fit into their neatly defined "scientific" framework, have killed history. Dead as a doornail.

But now with the Bicentennial of the American Revolution upon us, we have, in a sense, one last chance to resurrect history and return it to the average citizen of America. And that, fortunately, is exactly what is beginning to happen across the country, as "amateur historians" — those of us with no formal historical training or pro­fessional scholarship under our betts — work to reclaim the American past and put its lessons back to work in our own lifetimes.

In Santa Barbara, California, in Cham-paign-Urbana, Illinois, in Oneonta, New York, and in dozens of other communities across the country, small, informal groups meet weekly to discuss the Revolutionary Era. These people are not professional his­torians. Some attend high school or college. Others are members of church groups who meet to socialize and trace the history of re­ligious thought in America. Many are men and women who hold down jobs during the day, and get together on occasional evenings to re-examine the American past and pre­sent. They all share in common an interest in the lessons of other times, and a commit­ment to put those lessons to work today.

These amateurs are developing a new ap­proach to looking into our heritage that is considerably removed from both the boring superficiality of most school-taught, tex­tbook history and the scholarly mumbo-jumbo of the Ivy Leatgue PhDs. The new sense of history they are forging is impor­tant for us all.

Amateur historians believe that there is no reason for history to be a dry and boring subject. In fact, there is a richness and power

folate Sanctions government of Rhodesia could not survive."

The history Since 1965 when the Rhodesian white

minority declared their independence and took control of the government, denying the 95 per cent black Rhodesian population eRual rights, this small Southern African c o u n t r y h a s no t b e e n r e c o g n i z e d diplomatically; the UN Security Council im­posed servere mandatory economic sanc­tions against Rhodesia.

"It 's subsequently became illegal for American companies to provide Rhodesia with any goods,"' said Schulz.

Without her own refineries, Rhodesia had W turn to other countries for her fuel supply and the Mobil "paper chase" began:

The "chase" beg ins •The Rhodesian (white) government set up a company named GENTA from which all Rhodesian petroleum corn-pan ies had to buy their fuel •GENTA arranged for Mobil South Africa IMOSA) to supply its fuel 'there are no sanctions against this African coun try I. •GENTA. in turn, resold its MOSA imports to the Rhodesian petroleum companies, of which Mobil Southern Rhodesia <MOSR> was one. MOSR also acted as an intermediary between MOSA and GENTA. •To hide the fact lhat MOSA was in-volved in Rhodesia and lhat MOSR even vxisteil, a aitnplex "paper chase"

evoked whereby a bogus South African intermediary company called Minerals Exploration was conceived *>On paper — i.e. as numerous invoice billings show — MOSA was apparent­ly selling oil to this "legitimate. " non-Rhodesian company /Minerals Ex­ploration I. MOSA could then claim trhat it had no idea that Minerals Ex­ploration was supplying Rhodesia with fuel. *In addition, .several other bogus com-panics were created on paper as in­termediaries between MOSA and Minerals Exploration.

Proof At the press conference, Rifkin and PBC

co-director Ted Howard went through all of the documents Shulz had received from OKHELA, explaining the "paper chase" operation in great detail. Schulz and the PBC condemned the top three executives of Mobil Oil who. as U.S. citizens, are allegedly acting in violation of U.S. sanctions by deal­ing with the Rhodesian government.

Mobil's allegedly illegal ties with the white minority government of Rhodesia were substantiated by the documents and one statement in particular, found in a letter from MOSR to MOSA:

T h i s 'paper chase' which costs very little to administer, is done primarily to hide the fact that MOSA is in fact supplying MOSR with product in contravention of U.S. Sanc­tions Regulations." the document states.

^ * j g ^

to the workings of history that can rival any novel or movie. Jus t think how the events of Watergate, one of the most important mo­ments in our own lifetime, will look to future generations — the sleuthing and probing of Woodward and Bernstein; the tales of deceit and intrigue the Nixon tapes contain; the bat t les between the Executive and the Legislative and Judicial branches of govern­ment. Is there any reason to believe that equally fascinating events didn't take place 200 years ago when Americans were moving toward Revolution, the greatest break from the established order that a people can make?

Amateur historians believe that amateurs can interpret history as well as pro­fessionals, if not better. The American Revolution wasn't fought by professionals, but by hundreds of thousands of common citizens who were fed up with the un­democratic power wielded by King George. Why then shouldn't the common citizen of our day be fully qualified to study and in­terpret that history?

Amateur historians believe that history can teach us about the present. Professional historians try to limit the impact of his­torical events to the time they took place, but the world as we know it is the sum total of all past historical occurences. The fact that Americans fought a Revolution against economic and political power concentrated into the hands of a few, has as much mean­ing to the America of the 1970s as it had to the America of the 1770s.

A mateur historians realize that our found­ing fathers and mothers were not gods, neither were they perfect human beings. Like all of us, the Americans of the 18th cen­tury had their flaws and inconsistencies. The important thing for our generation is to recognize the relevance of the ideas and de­mocratic vision of our founders for our coun­

try today. If they failed to accomplish all that we would have liked, then it is our duty to take up the task of completing their un­finished business.

Amateur historians believe that "history" is not confined to the events of the past. None of us who lived through two years of Watergate scandals can doubt that historic events occur in our own lives. What we often forget is that we are not neutral observers in the history of our own time. History is not a football game where we have the luxury of si t t ing on the sidelines and watching two teams slug it out. Our choice is simple — to be dragged along by events, or to work to shape and change them in ways that seem most in keeping with the democratic hopes of our ancestors. That is really the lesson of the American Revolution.

A mateur historians are not afraid to draw parallels between the events and concerns of a n o t h e r age a n d those of o u r own. Professional historians stay away from making any kind of comparisons because -they are worried that their "academic credentials" will suffer if they make history relevant to our time. Of course, drawing parallels should not be done lightly. But can anyone doubt that when Sam Adams, look­ing around him at the rich and powerful of his day, said "Let us disappoint the men who are raising themselves upon the ruin of th is country," he was speaking as much to our generation as to his own?

These are just some of the lessons that amateur historians all over the country are beginning to learn. Beneath it all, is a belief that the study of history should mean a de­epening and extension of our understanding of the contemporary world. And there is no better place, no more appropriate event in modern history, with which to begin this re­surrection of American history than with the American Revolution.

-THE MOBIL 'PAPER CHASE"

I

Mobi l S o u t h A f r i c a ( M O S A )

I n t e r m e d i a r y A

— -^Minerals E x p l o r a t i o n '

I I

I n t e r m e d i a r y B

i

*———— —* I

I

M o b i l S o u t h e r n R h o d e s i a ( M O S R )

R h o d e s i a n O t h e r / p e t r o l e u m c o u n t r i e s

- " p a p e r c h a s e " i n v o i c e b i l l i n g s

— a c t u a l p a t h of f u e l

*Th i s is a g r e a t l y o v e r - s i m p l i f i e d v e r s i o n of t h e a l l e g e d t i e s b e t w e e n M O S A a n d R h o d e s i a . N o t e t h a t M O S R p l a y e d a d u a l r o l e , b u y i n g b a c k s o m e of t h e fue l it h a d i m p o r t e d for

Page Six The Summer Chronicle Monday, July 5,1976

History Re-written in Soviet texts

Where There Is No Revolution By David K. Shipler

(C) 1VT6 NYT New* Service

MOSCOW—The teen­ager's face was blank. She had not understood the question, nor had the other young Moscovites at the ta­ble.

' T h e what?" she said. 'The American Revolu­

tion," the American visitor repeated.

" W h a t do you know a b o u t t h e A m e r i c a n Revolution?"

The blank look remained for a moment, then sudden­ly dissolved into a smile of recognition.

"Oh yes," said the girl. "But we don't call it a re­volution. We call it the War of Independence."

While Americans have been celebrating the Bicen­tennial of what they con­sider a turning point in the history of human liberties, children in Soviet schools have continued to learn that the American Revolu­t i o n was j u s t a n a n -ticolonial upr is ing tha t brought independence from Britain, but made no re­volu t ionary changes in man ' s economic compo­n e n t s of e v e n t s , a n d through the virtually opa­que glass by which Soviet society views questions of political freedom.

Liberty redefined What happened in 18th-

century America is placed in t h e context of class struggle; the resulting open poli t ical system in the United States is described as a closed system, and its individual liberties are cast in blurry1, negative images.

The American Revolu­tion is usually taught in the Soviet Union in the eighth grade as a single c h a p t e r of about t h r e e

45-minute lessons — in a course that covers world history from the mid-17th to the mid-19th centuries.

The current textbook is one of a series titled "Re­cent History." It is in use t h r o u g h o u t t h e Sovie t Union.

It portrays "the war for the independence of the English colonies in North A m e r i c a " a s a m e r e transfer of power from one e x p l o i t a t i v e c l a s s to another , "from the lan­downing aristocrats to the t r a d e r - i n d u s t r i a l i s t bourgeoisie of the North, which ruled in all iance w i t h t h e p l a n t a t i o n slaveholders of the South."

When the principles of

s e l f - g o v e r n m e n t a n d political liberties enunciat­ed in the Declaration of In­dependence are mentioned in the chapter, they are re­butted.

Radica l ideas ' T h e declarat ion pro­

claimed that the people themselves have the right to establish the power of s t a t e government , tha t power springs from the peo­ple, that the people are sov­ereign," the textbook says. Then it adds:

"However, the foremost idea of the declaration was used by the bourgeoisie to s t rengthen the wealthy, and only the whites. The declaration did not abolish slavery and did not stop the

ouster from the land and the annihilation of the In­dians, but preserved the ex-p l o i t a t i o n of h i r e d workers."

F o u r f reedoms The Constitution, and

par t icular ly the Bill of Rights, is credited with re­cognizing "citizens' rights to freedom of assembly, of speech, of conscience, that is, the creed of any religion or the denial of any religion at all." The textbook notes t h a t " a rb i t r a ry a r r e s t s without a court decision were prohibited," but then adds:

'These 'freedoms' exist on paper even today, but are constantly violated."

T h i s m e s s a g e o f

American hypocrisy, rein­forced almost daily in the Soviet press, seems to make ample, I

tbook's fleeting mention of religious freedom, for ex-

recalled ever an impression at least on hearing about the idea of some young people. One s e p a r a t i n g chu rch a n d group, asked recently about state. the issues in the American Revolution, mentioned the tea tax, "which people were

D e j u r e One young woman, pre­

yed on her understanding too poor to pay," as one girl of the American Constitu-put it.

N o n e of t h e y o u n g Russians, all from well-educated and successful families, could cite any of

tion, said sarcastically: "All men are created

equal and everybody has the same opportunity. But it's not true in America.

Y Freewater Film Society U Tuesday Nights

presents

Let It Be starring

The Beatles In the course of this film, the Beatles gel together for some jam sessions, play old favorites, work on new numbers, reminisce a bit about their early days in the 60's and finally have a big session on the roof of their recording studio, a session which attracts all, including the cops.

Bio-Sci Auditorium Showings at Admission $1.00 7:00,9:30

Freewater is part of the Duke University Union.

the political ideals that There is segregation and emerged. Despite the tex- discrimination."

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A LONG AND HAPPY LIFE

' Duke Students $2.50 (Non-Students $3.00)

Tickets at Page Box Off ice"?3 A Southern Season in Chapel Hill, and at the door one hour before curtain.

There is a heavy advance sale PLAN AHEAD!

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Duke University Quadrangle Pictures presents

Summer Session 1976 Academy Awards Best Picture Series

The Best Years of Our Lives Starring Fredric March, Myrna Loy, Dana Andrews, Teresa

Wright, Virginia Mayo, Hoagy Carmichael, Cathy

O'Donnell, Harold Russell

One of the most honored films of :all times, won nine Oscars and numerous international awards. This acclaimed classic, portraying the problems of veterans returning from war is as timely as ever.

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Eat a Big One!

Monday, July 5,1976 The Summer Chronicle Page Seven

Simon's latest: Feeding the masses By K e n n e t h King

Undoubtedly, no matter what anyone says, a lot of people are going to think that Neil Simon's Murder by Death is a very funny movie. Ray Stark, who produced it, loves big names, big ideas, and, un­fortunately, Neil Simon, firmly believing that the combination of the three is perfectly analogous to hit entertainment.

The t ruth is that his financial instincts are just about always right. The advertis­ing campaigns for his movies are so audacious, no one would dare to th ink tha t his films could be anything but great mo­tion pictures. Witness the throngs of peo­ple jumping to their feet to cheer Barbra Streisand in his Funny Lady tnon-Neil Simon, but still a gaucherie) advertise­ment and the laughing zombies who plugged his most recent Neil Simon ven­ture, The Sunshine Boys. Who can fight such brazenness?

At first look, Murder by Death has the high-gloss sheen that will probably de­ceive audiences into buying it for more than it is worth. The all-star cast is com­posed of some of the most l ikab le personalities in the motion picture busi­ness. Listed in "diabolical order", they are: Eileen Brennan, Truman Capote (in his acting debut), James Coco, Peter Falk, Alec Guinness, Elsa Lanchester, David Niven, Peter Sellers, Maggie Smith, Nan­cy Walker, and Estelle Winwood.

T h e idea of the film is promising too; said to be a take-off on old murder mysteries, it has the familiar ring of Ten Little Indians and Gothic mysteries in

general. Millionaire criminologist Lionel Twain (Capote) invites the world's five most famous detectives "to dinner and murder" at his estate, promising whoever solves the crime one million dollars — tax free. The detectives and their companions, all blatant caricatures of detectives and characters from well-known niystery nov­els and movies, arrive at Mr. Twain's estate —an elaborately mechanized fright factory —all to have the wits scared out of t hem. The possibil i t ies a re endless , especially considering that once and for all, one of these great detectives may pro­ve that he or she is the greatest of them all.

Beneath that heavenful of stars and what appears to be an irrestible idea for a movie, however, is just Neil Simon's or­dinary screenplay, full of the one-liners and endless gags that are his trademark. Unfortunately, all this schtik will not suf­fice for the sophisticated wit this movie needs. It is so laden down with forgettable jokes that it never really starts to move. Instead, the movie is like a series of burlesques without any cohesive force.

Robert Moore's direction doesn't even come close to what this movie needs, but Ray Stark can be blamed for the selection. Moore, primarily known for his direction of Neil Simon plays on Broadway and CBS-TV's Rhoda, who has never directed a movie before this one, can hardly be ex­pected to bring any sophistication to Neil Simon's unsophisticated script. The rest of the production has its problems too, look­ing only a cut or two above ABC-TV's

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spook serial, Dark Shadows. Mel Brooks filmed Young Frankens­

tein in black and white which was almost mandatory for the film to remain loyal to the old monster picture genre. Murder by Death might have fared better in black and white too, but since Moore's direction has so little style, the color gives the film much of the life it does have. The music is disappointing, as well, jaunty fun music reminiscent of low-budget 60's slapstick comedies. On top of all this, Moore dis­covers very little that is,inherently funny about the genre in which he is working, and — alas —neither does Simon.

If Truman Capote's acting could be used as a measuring stick of this picture's suc­cess, Murder by Death might be considered an extraordinary achievement. A great many people are going to feel a great sense of satisfaction in seeing the sassy, "super-intellectual child" — as he has re­ferred to himself — get laughed off the screen. Trying valiantly to keep his cum­bersome tongue out of-the way, he hisses out his lines in his familiar serpentine fashion, and in the few moments when he actually gets up and moves about, one can only hold one's breath and listen" to the air go "swish."

Peter Sellers' fans will be pleased to know that his impersonation of an Orien­tal detective is as well-conceived as many of his other famous roles. Maggie Smith brings the film its most veritable mo­ments of sophistication, at t imes-turning Neil Simon to Noel Coward. David Niven, a s h e r d e t e c t i v e h u s b a n d , D i c k Charleston, is his familiar, witty, debonair self, while Peter Falk is his slovenly coun­terpart , doing a Bogey impersonation as Sam Diamond, a detective of dubious sex­

ual inclinations. Eileen Brennan, as his Lauren Bacall sweetheart-mistress, al­lows herself to be overshadowed much of the t ime as usual, but her comic gift — which never has been fully tapped — is as strong as ever:

The film's Hercule Poirot, Milo Per-rier, is played by James Coco, al ternately c o m i c a l a n d e m b a r r a s s i n g . E l s a Lanchester, now in her early seventies while looking ten to fifteen years younger, is good to see again, playing the sweet de­tective, Miss Marbles, pushing about in a wheelchair her aged nurse, played by plucky, 92 year-old Estelle Winwood. Sir Alec Guinness, as the old, blind butler, Bensonmum, and Nancy Walker, as the cook whose own handicaps complement the butler 's blindness in such a way as to set the domestic scene at a deadlock, are even less weli-played than they are well-hatched in the script.

Neil Simon's basis for satirizatioruof the old murder mystery is that , historically, the damned things are impossible to solve. F r a u g h t wi th impossible s i t ua t ions , multi tudes of useless clues, and late-appearing characters, Simon says tha t no genius could possibly figure out the un­disciplined plot l ines of these genre mysteries. So he has chocked "Murder by Death" full of pointless surprises, hoping to tu rn the whole mock mystery into a hilariously befuddled game. Instead, the would-be game is a no-mind conception; there is no point except pointlessness, and that wouldn't be worth the laugh if it weren't for the spirited performances of the cast members. Murder by Death, which might have become a small comedy classic, is nothing more than the cream of th is summer 's thirsty movie crop — maybe.

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Page Eight The Summer Chronicle Monday,July5,1976

Sidelines

Baseball now has a commissioner Jonathan Ingram

i Which is why any comparisons of past baseball de­als of the comparative monetary magnitude of Finley's, if indeed they exist, are not very powerful arguments in favor of the sale. They took place in a baseball world not forced to live with the Seitz rul­ing on the reserve clause.)

Finley was trying to beat his unsigned players Rudi. Blue, and Fingers to the money. By selling their contracts to other teams, Finley assured himself of compensation. Otherwise the unsigned players, under the Seitz ruling, could sell their services to the highest bidder at season's end and wouldn't owe Finley a nickle. Quite a conundrum Seitz created.

However, in the Seitz ruling is a paragraph of note:

'There are numerous expendients available and arrangements that can be made that will soften the blow — if this decision, indeed, should be regarded as a blow. This decision is not the end of the line by any means. The parties, jointly, are free to agree to disregard it and compose their difference as to the reserve system in any way they see fit." Which means the Seitz ruling is void if the players and the owners can agree on a new way to operate the reserve system. Sounds like a hellova fight to pound out such an agreement.

It's a good thing they have a referee like Kuhn, who has made sure that those negotiations will not be hampered by the precedent of a deal that momentarily revealed baseball teams as corporate competitors with no loyalty to anyone or anything but their own short term interests.

Bowie Kuhn is finally acting his age, as well as his height and weight. The 6'4" commissioner of baseball, veteran enough to have won a new seven year contract as such, has finally brought his full and impassioned weight of office to bear, not for the benefit of the players, and not for the benefit of the owners.

When he nixed Charlie Finley's $3.5 million dollar clearance sale of Joe Rudi/Rollie Fingers to the Boston Red Sox, and Vida Blue to the Yankees, three team owners did not get what they wanted, nor did the unsigned players, who merely wanted what every athlete wants these days: astronomical salaries.

The fact is there need be no second reading of Kuhn's statement after he refused to let the Big Deal of the Day go through on June 16, the trading deadline: "I cannot help but conclude that I would be remiss in exercising my powers as commissioner pursuant to the Major League agreement and Ma­jor League Rule 12 if I did not act now to disap­prove these assignments.

'If, as contended by" the participants, the com­missioner lacks the power to prevent a develop­ment so harmful to baseball as this, then our system for self-regulation for the good of the game and the public is a'virtual mirage."

Of course, it is a good question to ask why Kuhn's powers have appeared so mirage-like in the past. Nevertheless, he's moved from Boobie Kuhn to • Kenesaw Mountain Kuhn in the minds of many in a few long days, and his longtime antagonist Charlie Finley has eventually followed every wish of the commissioner throughout the affair.

When Kuhn first refused to go along with the de­al, the Yankee's pennant-oriented manager, Billy Martin, lusting after the A's Vida Blue for his starting rotation, said 'The bad publicity the game is going to get just isn't in the best interests." As if a three-time World Championships team being plucked apart, its players to be sold piece-meal to two pennant-hungry teams in the same league, for $1 millon and $1.5 million apiece, isn't bad publici­ty to begin with.

Marvin Miller, in this case a strange bedfellow

***************** ************ | COME AND EXPERIENCE...

Kenesaw Mountain' Kuhn

with the owners as well as the Major League Player's association attorney said, "I don't un­derstand what the furor is about. No rules have been violated. What has happened has happened hundreds of times: namely the selling of players for cash." Sure, Marvin, but not for a million in cash apiece, along with the charge for their skyhigh salaries. To call such a deal business-as-usual is pudding-headed, asking us to believe the impossi­ble.

The Oakland A's manager Chuck Tanner, almost succumbed and said, 'This will go down in history as one of the most traumatic moments in all sports," which is strange enough since Kuhn's decision is clearly a conservative effort to maintain the customary operation of the game as we know it.

Rather what certainly passed as one of the most traumatic moments, in baseball, at least, was labor arbiter Peter Seitz's decision, allowing former Dodger pitcher Andy Messersmith to play out his option and become a free-agent, selling himself to the highest bidder.

The precedent established meant any player could do exactly what Messersmith did, which was to sell himself for a million, ironically, to the Atlanta Braves. From that moment on, the owners no longer owned a player's contract virtually for life and baseball history was forever changed.

Cox wins award Robbie Cox, for three years one of Duke baseball's leading hitters and an outstanding de-fensiveman, has been named as a recipient of the Atlantic Coast Conference's Senior Merit Award. The award is presented each year at member schools to the student who has dist­inguished himself both in the classroom and in intercollegiate athletic competition.

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