the street view journal vol-3 ,issue -44.pdf

8/10/2019 The Street View Journal Vol-3 ,Issue -44.pdf

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VOLUME.3, NO.44, MONDAY 17 NOVEMBER 2014

2 OPINIONE D I T O R I A LE D I T O R I A L

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3NEWS 3

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6 NEWS

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7ARTICLE

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8 NEWS

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9POLITICS

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VOLUME.3, NO.7, MONDAY 17 FEBRUARY 2014VOLUME.3, NO.44, MONDAY 17 NOVEMBER 2014

NEWS

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BUSINESS INTERVIEW 11EDUCATION

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11/43

12


INTERVIEW

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12/43


14 BANKS

pmrsufESm 37 odkU

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a,bk,stm;jzifht&if;tESD;vkdtyfaewJhEdkifiHwpfcktaeESifh t&if;tESD;awG,laqmifvmr,fh EdkifiHjcm;bPfawGudkzGifhcGifhjyKwm[m obm0usygw,f/ cufaewmu ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm jyifyurmESifhtuefYtowfESifhomqufpyfrI&SdwJh pD;yGm;a&;0ef;

usifESpfckudk qufoG,fay;jcif;jzifhjzpfay:vmEdkifwJhtajymif;tvJ(jynfwGif;bPfrsm;tay: vTrf;rdk;oGm;EdkifrI) ESifh &&SdvmonhftusdK;tjrwf

Benefit) udk omrefpD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;&SifawGtxd&Edkifr&EdkifqdkonhftcsufawGESifhywfoufaeygw,f/'Dxufta&;BuD;wmujrefrmEdkifiH\pD;yGm;a&;0ef;usifwpfckvHk;udk usdK;aMumif; qDavsmfpGma&mifjyef[yfEdkifrnhfoifhawmfwJhtm;rQajc twdk;EIef;?aiGvJEIef;wdkYESifhywfouf qufpyfaeaom pD;yGm;a&;at*sifpD tm;vHk;txdtcdkufenf;pGmESifhwnfwnfNidrfNidrfajymif;vJa&muf&SdoGm;Edkifa&;ut"dujzpfrnf[k,lqygonf/ aocsmwmwpfckuawmhaiGvJvS,frIrsdK;pHk(Multiple Exchange Rate) pHepfuaeaps;uGufaygufaps;EIef; (Mar-

ket Rate) udk ajymif;vJusifhoHk;pOfuavmuf vG,fulrnfr[kwfbJ?jyKjyifajymif;vJa&;umv (Transi-tional Period)rSmvnf; ydkMum&Snfrnfh taetxm;udk awGY&ygonf/aps;uGufaiGvJvS,fEIef;ajymif;vJcJhpOfuawmh 0efBuD;Xmersm;\ aiGvJvS,fEIef; jyefvnfwGufcsuf&onfhvkyfief;pOfrSvGJ pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;trsm;pk (Informal Businesstygt0if)usifhom;&aeaom arSmifcdkaiGvJEIef;ESifhwGufcsufcJhMuNyD; aps;uGufaps;EIef;ESifh odyfruGmyJ ajymif;vJcJhaomaMumifh tcuftcJodyfr&SdvSbJatmifjrifpGm ajymif;vJEdkifcJhygonf/'gawmifrSrnfolrSarQmfvifhrxm;wJhurmhpD;yGm;a&;usqif;rIESifhtwltar&duefa':vmusqif;rI tusdK;qufaMumihf jrefrmaiGaps;EIef;jrifhwufcJhjcif;&JU aemufqufwGJjzpf&yfudkzkwfylrD;wdkufudkifwG,fcJh&ygao;onf/

EdkifiHjcm;bPfrsm;udk zGifhvSpf

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uGm[csuf) Mum;ae&mtm;r Qajc(Equilibrium)ud k tvG,fwula&muf&S doGm;r,fvdkYr, lqEdki fyg/txl;ojzifh jrifhrm;wJh jynfwGif;twdk;EIef;tay: 0ifaiGwpf&yftjzpf&yfwnfaeaomtiftm;pkrsm;? pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;? ,kwfpGqHk;bkd;bGm;&dyfom? bmoma&;toif;? vlrIa&;toif; aiGya'omyifutp ajymif;vJ oufa&mufvmawmhrnfhtaetxm;yg/tzGJYtpnf;&JUtusdK;pD;yGm;t&?twdk;EIef;avsmhuswmudkvdkvm;rnfr[kwfyg/ aemufwpfcku EdkifiH

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wpfEdkifiHvHk;&JUpD;yGm;a&; taetxm;t&MunhfvQifvnf; twkd;EIef;avQmhenf;avxkwfvkyfwJhukefypnf;awG&JYxkwfvkyfrIukefusp&dwf (Cost of

Production) ESifh t&if;tESD;p&dwf(Cost of Capital) t& enf;avaumif;av jzpfygonf/

odkYjzpf t"dutcsufjzpfwJh

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tive Interest Rate) jzpfaeEdkifao;jcif; (aiGazmif;yGrIu 9 &mcdkifEIef;

xufrsm;aeEdkifjcif;)(2) aiGazmi f;y GrItaMumi f;t&if;udk qufavhvmygu b@ma&;vdkaiGESifh 4if;vdkaiGudk dkufESdyfjznfhqnf;jcif;ESifhwpfzufvnf;wdk;wufvmaom aiGaMu;yrmP(Money Supply) tvdkufpD;yGm;a&;wdk;wufrvmjcif;? tqdkyg dkufESdyfvdkufaom b@ma&;t&if; tjrpf

(Financial resources)rsm;udkcGJa0rIae&mvGJrSm;jcif; (Insufficient Al-

location)Oyrm-ukefxkwfvkyfief;wGifcGJa0ae&mcsxm;jcif;r[kwfbJa&wdkumv tjrwftrsm;qHk;wHkYjyef

onhftdrf&mvkyfief;rsm;wGifpkjyHK0ifa&mufoGm;jcif;ponfhrqHk;EdkifaomtaMumif;w&m;rsm; yg0ifywfoufaeygonf/

(3) aemufxyftwdk;EIef;udkjy|mef;onhftcsufrSm jrefrmEdkifiH&SdaeEdkifonhf t&if;tESD;yrmP(Capital Availability) ESifhvnf;

qufpyfaeygonf/ vuf&SdjrefrmEdkifiH\t&if;tESD;yrmPrSmao;i,faeNyD; EdkifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrI (FDI)ukdvkdtyfaeonfrSm oHo,&Sdp&mrvkdyg/ pD;yGm;a&;oabmt& t&if;tESD;enf;rIaMumihfvnf; twdk;EIef;rSm

(Demand for Money)jrifhwufaeonfrSm obm0usNyD; ,ck EdkifiHjcm;bPfwpfckpD,lvmrnfha':vm(75)oef;rSmbmyJjzpfjzpfjynfwGif;

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ing)enf;jcif;? wpfenf;tm;jzifh pkaqmi f;&ef tajctaeray;jcif;(trsm;pkudkpm;oHk;rIwGifoHk;pGJae&)?pkaqmif;&ef qGJaqmifr Ir&S djci f;(txufazmfjycJhonhfaiGazmif;yGrI

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ity)udktm;enf;apNyD;? wpfzufvnf; rdrd\pkaqmif;aiG\ tcsdef

ESifhtrQ usvmonfhaiGaMu;\ 0,fEdkifpGrf;tm;(Purchasing Power)us

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wpfckudkxdef;odrf;xm;&eftwGufpDrHcJhaom twdk;EIef;(Managed Inter-

est Rate) omjzpfygonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh aps;uGufu jy|mef;aomaps;uGuftwdk;EIef;(Market Inter-

est Rate) r[kwfbJ Source ofMoney SupplyrSSupply of Mon-eyudktNrJwrf;jzpfay:aprIwdkYaMumifhodkYr[kwftNrJwrf;zdxm;rIaMumihfjzpfay:cJhaom?jzpfay:aeaom twdk;EIef;jzpfygonf/ 'guvnf; Regu-latortaeESifh tqdkygtaetxm;rSjzpfay:vmrnfhtusdK;tjrwf(Re-pressed revenue)udk&&Sd&eftwGuftxufyg Mechanismudk zefwD;jzpfay:apNyD;xdef;odrf;xm;&ygonf/vuf&Sdtaetxm;t& tjcm;pD;yGm;a&;zGHYNz dK;qJEdkifi Hrsm; (Emerging

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Moneyudk jzpfay:apaom trSefwefzdk;t&if;tESD;yrmP ESifhazmif;yGaeaomaMumihfwdk;yGm;vmonhft&if;tESD;yrmPrSm vHk;0rwlnDyg/ odkYjzpf tm;rQajctwdk;EIef;udka&muf&Sd&efBudK;yrf;onhfjzpfpOf(av;? ig;ESpfvnf;MumEdkifygonf)wGifMoneySupply\ vdktyfcsuf&Sdaeao;rIESifh Managed Interest Rateudkzdxm ;onh f Supply of MoneyudkrnfrQtwdkif;twmxdavQmhrnf(Liberalize)qdkonfrSmvnf;a&tedrfhtjrifhESpfzufBuD;rm;pGm[aeaoma&umwmBuD;\a&wHcg;udkzGifhonhfwHcg;rSL;\ xdef;ausmif;rIay:wGifrlwnfygrnf[k ,lq&ygonf/

(6) aemufxyfxnfhoGif; pOf;pm;Edkifp&m tcsufrsm;uawmh ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;bPfrsm;\tenf;qHk;xm;&Sd&onfht&efaiGaMu;&mcdkif

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oufatmif (Shiga)

A[kdbPf\aiGvJvS,fjcif;rl0g'opfaMumifUjzpfay:vmEdkifofha':vmaps;uGufEquilibrium Exchange Rate After Liberalization


13/43

15


RULES

TWEETONOMICSvdkwdk&Sif;pD;yGm;a&;tdkif'D,m (72)

apmEdkif(toHk;csabm*aA')

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successful?)

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taqmufttkHwpfckjzpfcJhonf/20 &mpkt0ifumv tm*sifwD;em;EdkifiHonftar&duefEdkifiH? NAdwdef?uae'gESifh *smreDwdkY NyD;vQifcsrf;om


14/43

16


ARTICLE

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17


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the street view journal vol-3 ,issue -44.pdf

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