the steps 6 steps scientific method ask a question form hypothesis test hypothesis analyze / collect...
TRANSCRIPT
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THE STEPS
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6 steps Scientific MethodAsk a questionForm HypothesisTest HypothesisAnalyze / Collect DataDraw ConclusionCommunicate Results
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• The knowledge obtained when scientists answer one question often generates other questions or proves useful in solving other problems.
Observing and HypothesizingObserving and Hypothesizing
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• The common steps that biologists and other scientists use to gather information and answer questions are collectively known as scientific methods.
The methods biologists useThe methods biologists use
• Scientific methods usually begin with scientists identifying a problem to solve by observing the world around them.
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• Begin with a solid question or problem
•Choose something that can be measured.
#1 Ask a question
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RESEARCH THE PROBLEMRESEARCH THE PROBLEM
Consult a wide variety of resources on the topic
Take notes and study the existing data
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• A hypothesis is an explanation for a question or a problem that can be formally tested.
• Hypothesizing is one of the methods most frequently used by scientists.
• A hypothesis is not a random guess.
The methods biologists useThe methods biologists use
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#2 FORM A HYPOTHESIS
• Make an educated guess about a solution or answer.
•Turn the hypothesis into a statement that you think solves the problem
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WRITE DOWN METHODS AND PROCEDURES List the methods and procedures that test your hypothesis.
Methods and procedures are a list of step by step instructions that will be used in your experiment.
These may also be divided into limitations and delimitations.
Limitations = controls
Delimitations = variables and factors that cannot be included as controls
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#3 TEST THE EXPERIMENT
• Observe the experiment and the changes that occur.
• Record the data accurately and honestly.
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• To a scientist, an experiment is an investigation that tests a hypothesis by the process of collecting information under controlled
conditions.
ExperimentingExperimenting
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• Some experiments involve two groups: the control group and the experimental
group.
What is a controlled experiment?What is a controlled experiment?
• The control is the group in which all conditions are kept the same.
• The experimental group is the test group, in which all conditions are kept the same except for the single condition being tested.
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• In a controlled experiment, only one condition is changed at a time.
Designing an experimentDesigning an experiment
• The condition in an experiment that is changed is the independent variable, because it is the only variable that affects the outcome of the experiment.
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• While changing the independent variable, the scientist observes or measures a second condition that results from the change.
Designing an experimentDesigning an experiment
• This condition is the dependent variable, because any changes in it depend on changes made to the independent variable.
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#4 ANALYZE THE DATA
•Analyze the recorded findings.
• Organize the recorded data into a chart, graph, or table
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#5 DRAW A CONCLUSION
Summarize your findings.
Write a statement that proves or disapproves your original hypothesis.
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#6 COMMUNICATE RESULTSShare results with peersWrite a lab paper that summarizes results
and tells how you did the experiment.Make changes to your question or hypothesis
so that you can repeat the experiment.
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Repeat the experiment to ensure consistency.
•You cannot form a conclusion based on data that is
• inconsistent
• unproven