the spanish-american war
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Goals: To understand the causes of the war To understand American military tactics in the war. The Spanish-American War. Cuba Libre !. Americans were heavily invested in Cuban sugar plantations 1895 – Jose Marti led rebels to call for independence Guerilla tactics against Spanish forces - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Spanish-American War
Goals:To understand the causes of the warTo understand American military tactics in the war
Cuba Libre!
Americans were heavily invested in Cuban sugar plantations
1895 – Jose Marti led rebels to call for independence
Guerilla tactics against Spanish forces
Spanish General Weyler herded rural population into concentration camps
America saw Cuba as its “little brother” and sympathized with the Cuban rebels
Yellow Press Inflames Opinion Many journalists increased the
public’s dislike of Spain, called yellow press
Many publications compared Cuban rebels to patriots of the American revolution
Under the Monroe Doctrine, the US warned Spain to establish peace quickly…or else
US sent the USS Maine to Havana to protect American citizens in Cuba
Remember the Maine!!!
American jingoism (extreme nationalism) began to develop
The USS Maine exploded in Havana Harbor
266/350 on board died and the American public cried for revenge on the Spanish
1898 – McKinley called for an investigation of the explosion
It was determined it was a mine, but no signs pointed to Spain
The Stars and Stripes to War Americans implored “Remember the
Maine!” Spain agreed to close the
concentration camps to keep America out of it
April 11, 1898 – McKinley asked Congress to declare war on Spain to end the Cuban crisis
Congress made clear with the Teller Amendment that the US had no interest in annexing Cuba
The Navy was sent in and the fight was on!
Taking the fight across the globe 1 May 1898 – Comm. George Dewey
defeated the Spanish navy in Manila Bay in the Philippines
Filipino nationalist Emilio Aguinaldo led rebels to defeat the Spanish on land
The Spanish surrendered the Philippines to the United States
US Forces in Cuba
June 1898 – US troops land in Cuba Guantanamo Bay was captured by
US Marines OOHRAH! US Army stormed Santiago US military suffered from obsolete
weapons, heavy wool uniforms, and contaminated food
US military was being trained and shipped out of Tampa, FL
Send in the Cavalry
African-Americans served in the 9th and 10th Cavalry regiments
Theodore Roosevelt commanded the “Rough Riders”, a cavalry unit that relished the “strenuous life”
Rough Riders gained fame in the Battle of San Juan Hill outside of Santiago
Spain’s last breath
Spanish Navy made a desperate attempt to escape from Santiago’s harbor
US blockaded the harbor and destroyed the fleet
US forces also occupied Puerto Rico and fighting came to a close
Of the 3000 Americans who died in the war, only 380 died in combat (rest from disease)
1898 Treaty of Paris
Spain gave up control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Guam
Spain sold the Philippines to the US for $20 million
Debate formulated over what to do with the newly acquired possessions
The US government felt it was their responsibility to govern the Filipinos
Many Americans felt this was imperialism
New Role in the World
US Senate ratified the Treaty of Paris by one vote
McKinley was re-elected president as Teddy Roosevelt became vice-president
This signaled America’s faith in imperialistic policies
The US now had an empire and a new status in world affairs (Philippines, Hawaii, Guam, Puerto Rico)
