the spanish american war, 1898
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The Spanish American War, 1898. America will fight for colonies!. Causes of the War. Spain was doing a terrible job controlling it colonies (the Philippines, Cuba, and Puerto Rico) America had interest in Cuba ( sugar plantations) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR, 1898America will fight for colonies!
CAUSES OF THE WAR Spain was doing a
terrible job controlling it colonies (the Philippines, Cuba, and Puerto Rico)
America had interest in Cuba (sugar plantations) Cuba was constantly
rebelling against Spain for their freedom
Spain retaliates by cutting Cuban rebels off from food… thousands die of disease
and starvation
America relates to the Cubans because of the American Revolution but doesn’t get
involved immediately… neutrality
YELLOW JOURNALISM Exaggerated atrocities Practiced by William
Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer, especially about Cuba
Increased the American public dislike of the Spanish government in Cuba…rallying support for Spanish American War
Compared Cuban rebels to the patriots of the American Revolution
JINGOISM
Attitude of extreme nationalism
Started by William Randolph Hearst after President McKinley was insulted by the Spanish ambassador
IMPACT OF YELLOW JOURNALISM AND JINGOISM
Led to US government giving Spain an ultimatum to fix things with Cuba or get ready for American involvement
Cubans wanted independence not reform Spain not willing to back
down and neither is Cuba US sends the USS Maine to
Cuba to protect American citizens in Cuba
USS MAINE EXPLODES The USS Maine exploded in the Havana Harbor
266 killed The Spanish are blamed
McKinley doesn’t declare war…just an investigation Investigation showed that a mine had destroyed the ship
Jingoists and Yellow Journalists demand war
AMERICA DECLARES WAR
After USS Maine investigation President McKinley declares war
Teller Amendment: declared that the US had no intentions of annexing/colonizing Cuba, just helping them gain independence
THE PHILIPPINES Filipinos were fighting
for their freedom from Spain just like Cuba was
Under the control of Commodore Dewey, the American navy crushed a Spanish fleet in Manilo Bay in May
By August the Spanish had surrendered
ROUGH RIDERS Led by future
president Teddy Roosevelt in Cuba
Unit consisted of rugged westerners and upper class easterners
Made famous after the battle of San Juan Hill
“SPLENDID LITTLE WAR” Termed used by Secretary of States John Hay Called it this because it only lasted for 4
months showing how easy it was for AmericaOnly 380 die in battle2,200 die from disease (malaria)
EFFECTS OF THE WAR What will US do with
Spain’s former colonies? Treaty of Paris: officially
ended the war Spain gave US all of
Puerto Rico and Guam Sold Philippines to America
for $20 million Big debate of Philippines
but US needed it for trade with China, a stepping stone
After war, America is a world power and model imperialists
ANTI-IMPERIALISM LEAGUE
Formed over the debate of the Philippines
Included Mark Twain and William Jennings Bryan
Argued that imperialism was a crime and undemocratic because US did not treat colonists well
Challenged the Treaty of Paris