American Geographical Society

The Shaping of the New Hampshire LandscapeThe Geology of New Hampshire by J. W. GoldthwaitReview by: Ernst AntevsGeographical Review, Vol. 16, No. 4 (Oct., 1926), p. 684Published by: American Geographical SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/208403 .

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THE GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW THE GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW

the geographical basis-the northern uplands, the plain, the southern mountains. Of the Yangtze Kiang he remarks that it is seldom one can travel along a river whose left and right banks are so different. The Great Wall is a boundary in a frontier region-a boundary in every sense. The Kalgan pass is a "climatic divide in a way that I had hardly thought possible." Here, only a day's journey from Peking, one seems to have stepped out into Central Asia. The town of Kalgan itself has that

"quaint detached cosmopolitan air which clings to all towns that claim to be at the

beginning or the end of a long journey." Among other interesting things Mr. Buxton notes the number of Chinese Moslems in the town and their probable importance in the future of Inner Mongolia as a whole.

The history of Inner Mongolia during the past thousand years has been one of ebb and flow. During the last fifty years the Chinese advance northward has been

steadily maintained at the rate of about a mile a year along a wide front. It is a true

agricultural colonization and completely in contrast with the former nomad expan- sion of the Mongols and the present-day industrial expansion of Japan. In reference to Japanese expansion in Hokkaido, where it takes the form of true colonization, note must be made of Mr. Buxton's sympathetic account of the Ainu. In their decline economic pressure and certain psychological phenomena-the collective loss of interest in life-are seen as the more important factors.

There is a chapter on Peking-the parts of the city that most appealed to the author and the many and varied types of its humanity. The great amount of poverty is noted: according to a police report 40 per cent of the people are quite destitute, below the level of subsistence. But the population of the country as a whole lives on the edge of starvation. This, Mr. Buxton says, has brought about a close ad- justment of affairs in which competition has been largely eliminated. China is

perhaps the truest democracy in the world and, although in a state of revolution, is able to govern herself almost, as it were, by mere force of inertia.

Two chapters devoted to the very different China of the south, "The Yangtze Kiang and Foochow" and "Amoy and the Chinese in the Dutch Indies," close a

pleasant and profitable volume.

THE SHAPING OF THE NEW HAMPSHIRE LANDSCAPE

J. W. GOLDTHWAIT. The geology of New Hampshire. 86 pp.; maps, diagrs., ills. New Hampshire Acad. of Sci. Handbook No. I. Concord, N. H., 1925. $2.00.

7% x 5W inches.

This book is of equal interest to the layman-tourist and the professional geologist and geographer. The former will find it a lucid description and interpretation of the shaping and history of the nature he admires, and the latter will find it a first- class treatment of a region very interesting geologically.

The bed-rock geology is briefly dealt with. The physiography and the Pleisto- cene glaciation, the waning of the last ice sheet, the glacial deposits, the changes of level of land and sea, the postglacial events, etc., are discussed at some length. Clear and fine maps illustrate the bed-rock geology and the glacial features respectively. The glacial map shows direction of ice motion, boulder trains, drumlins, recessional

moraines, glacial lakes, areas flooded by the late-glacial sea, isobases of the late-

Quaternary uplift, and the rate of retreat of the border of the last ice sheet. Most features are illustrated in greater detail by photographs, maps, and diagrams. A

considerable part of the material is published here for the first time. It is very gratifying to have the mass of material on the geology of New Hamp-

shite, collected during a whole century, so well sifted and brought together. ERNST ANTEVS

the geographical basis-the northern uplands, the plain, the southern mountains. Of the Yangtze Kiang he remarks that it is seldom one can travel along a river whose left and right banks are so different. The Great Wall is a boundary in a frontier region-a boundary in every sense. The Kalgan pass is a "climatic divide in a way that I had hardly thought possible." Here, only a day's journey from Peking, one seems to have stepped out into Central Asia. The town of Kalgan itself has that

"quaint detached cosmopolitan air which clings to all towns that claim to be at the

beginning or the end of a long journey." Among other interesting things Mr. Buxton notes the number of Chinese Moslems in the town and their probable importance in the future of Inner Mongolia as a whole.

The history of Inner Mongolia during the past thousand years has been one of ebb and flow. During the last fifty years the Chinese advance northward has been

steadily maintained at the rate of about a mile a year along a wide front. It is a true

agricultural colonization and completely in contrast with the former nomad expan- sion of the Mongols and the present-day industrial expansion of Japan. In reference to Japanese expansion in Hokkaido, where it takes the form of true colonization, note must be made of Mr. Buxton's sympathetic account of the Ainu. In their decline economic pressure and certain psychological phenomena-the collective loss of interest in life-are seen as the more important factors.

There is a chapter on Peking-the parts of the city that most appealed to the author and the many and varied types of its humanity. The great amount of poverty is noted: according to a police report 40 per cent of the people are quite destitute, below the level of subsistence. But the population of the country as a whole lives on the edge of starvation. This, Mr. Buxton says, has brought about a close ad- justment of affairs in which competition has been largely eliminated. China is

perhaps the truest democracy in the world and, although in a state of revolution, is able to govern herself almost, as it were, by mere force of inertia.

Two chapters devoted to the very different China of the south, "The Yangtze Kiang and Foochow" and "Amoy and the Chinese in the Dutch Indies," close a

pleasant and profitable volume.

THE SHAPING OF THE NEW HAMPSHIRE LANDSCAPE

J. W. GOLDTHWAIT. The geology of New Hampshire. 86 pp.; maps, diagrs., ills. New Hampshire Acad. of Sci. Handbook No. I. Concord, N. H., 1925. $2.00.

7% x 5W inches.

This book is of equal interest to the layman-tourist and the professional geologist and geographer. The former will find it a lucid description and interpretation of the shaping and history of the nature he admires, and the latter will find it a first- class treatment of a region very interesting geologically.

The bed-rock geology is briefly dealt with. The physiography and the Pleisto- cene glaciation, the waning of the last ice sheet, the glacial deposits, the changes of level of land and sea, the postglacial events, etc., are discussed at some length. Clear and fine maps illustrate the bed-rock geology and the glacial features respectively. The glacial map shows direction of ice motion, boulder trains, drumlins, recessional

moraines, glacial lakes, areas flooded by the late-glacial sea, isobases of the late-

Quaternary uplift, and the rate of retreat of the border of the last ice sheet. Most features are illustrated in greater detail by photographs, maps, and diagrams. A

considerable part of the material is published here for the first time. It is very gratifying to have the mass of material on the geology of New Hamp-

shite, collected during a whole century, so well sifted and brought together. ERNST ANTEVS

684 684

This content downloaded from 169.229.32.137 on Thu, 8 May 2014 19:29:58 PMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions