1 130-

To the 130th anniversarysince Antal Margittais birthday

2 3

2010

4 5

' , 2010' . .. , 2010' . , 2010' .., .., .., ., . , 2010' , 2010ISBN 978-966-671-295-3

581.92 (477.87)`` 28.59 (4 4 ) 25

, . , , . - , , , .. . , . .

, Rosa L., Centaurea L., Elatine L. , ., Elatine, , .

, , , , .

Margittai Antal a Krpt-medence kivl botanikusa, flrakutatja, Krptalja nvnyvilgnak egyiklegjelentsebb ismerje. E ktet az tudomnyos cikkeinek gyjtemnye. A kutat itt kzreadott publikciimagyarorszgi s csehszlovkiai tudomnyos kiadvnyokban jelentek meg a XX. szzad elejn, ezrt kevsbismertek a nagykznsg eltt. Cikkei s tanulmnyai az szak-keleti Krptok nvnyvilgrl tartalmaznakegyedi ismereteket, tbbek kztt jelents szm els kzlst az ednyes nvnyek elterjedsrl,letkrlmnyeirl, valamint szmos ritka s kevsb elterjedt faj lhelyrl. Klnsen rtkesek azon munki,melyek jelenleg az Ukrajnhoz s Szlovkihoz tartoz tjak s terletek alapos s aprlkos flrisztikaisszegzseit tartalmazzk. Rendkvli fontossguk abban rejlik, hogy e dolgozatok rvn ttekintst kaphatunkaz ltala kutatott terletek mltbeli flragazdagsgrl.

Kln figyelmet rdemelnek a Rosa L., Centaurea L., Elatine L. kritikus nemzetsgek taxonmijval srendszertanval foglalkoz munki, melyekben szmos j taxon lerst adja kzre a tuds. Az Elatine nem-zettsggel kapcsolatos cikkei mra klasszikuss vltak, a kzlt adatok pedig ma sem vesztettek aktualitsukbl.

A ktetet nem csak botanikusok, kolgusok, erdszek, termszetvdk s tudomnytrtnettel foglalkozk,de a honismeret irnt rdekldk is haszonnal forgathatjk.

-

, . .. ,

. Szlfld Alap ()

( )

A kiadvny megjelenst a Szlfld Alap tmogattaKereskedelmi forgalomba nem kerl

THE SCIENTIFIC WORKSOF

ANTAL MARGITTAI

2010

6 7

___________________________________________1 .. . .: - .

- . ., 1949. 303 .

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, , ( ), . XIX , , - , . . , , - ` , , (1919) , `, --. , , . .

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(1945) , . - . .. 1, ' Uzhhorod National University, 2010

' M.G. Kholodny Institute of botany, NAS of Ukraine, 2010' Ferenc Rkczi II. Transcarpathian Hungarian Institute, 2010' Andrik E., Kish R., Shevera M., Pifk D., , 2010' Publishing House Krpaty, 2010

The book comprises scientific works of outstanding botanist, researcher of the Carpathian floraAntal Margittai who was one of the best connoisseurs of the Transcarpathian vegetation. His workspublished in scientific journals of Hungary and the Czechoslovak Republic in the early XX century todayremain little known for the greatest part. The works provide a unique material about the vegetation of theNorth-East Carpathians, in particular, they summarize a considerable massif of primary information ondistribution of the vascular plants and their growing conditions, including data on numerous findings ofmany rare and uncommon plants. Of special value are his works summarizing fundamental and detailedfloristic data of separate natural areas and localities of modern Ukraine and Slovakia, which are of particularimportance as a historical evidence of their floristic diversity.

The scholars works on Taxonomy and Systematics devoted to the complex and critical generaRosa L., Centaurea L., Elatine L., etc. where new for the science taxa were described deserve specificattention. His works on genus Elatine are recognized as being classical and the information given there isthought to be up-to-date even nowadays.

The book is intended for experts in Botany, Ecology, Forestry, Environment Protection, History ofScience and specialists in local lore studies.

The book was publishedon the initiative of the workers

of the Laboratory for Environmental Protection,Uzhhorod National University;

M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences;Ferenc Rkczi II. Transcarpathian Hungarian Institute

and with the finance support of Szlfld Alap (Hungary).(Not for sale)

8 9

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___________________________________________2 Futk J., Domin K. Bibliografia k flre SR. Do R. 1952. Bratislava: Vydavatelstvo

Slovenskej Akadmie vied, 1960. 884 s.

10 11

, . , 4,130- 2010 , , .

35 , - . , - , . , , - Magyar Botanikai Lapok i Botanikai Kzlemnyek , , . .

, - . (Potamogeton alpinus Balb., Euphorbia carpatica Woloszcz.,Draba carinthiaca Hoppe). Rosa L., Centaurea L., Elatine L. . - , .

, , -. - , - . ` ,. , .

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3 () (17.09. 1880 17.07. 1939) . ( . . ) , , 1900 . ` , . (1904-1912) (1912-1916) ( , ), - (1916-1920) (1920-1939).

-. , 50 000 (!!!) - . ` , . (, 1923, 2010). , ___________________________________________

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(, ` , 1618 2010 .) // . . . 2010. . 67, 5. . 778782.

12 13

., ( (1925)), ` , , . , 13- - (- -). , , .

1904 , () . , , , . - , , 700 (Margittai, 1910). : Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,Potamogeton natans L., Carex tomentosa L., C. ornithopoda Willd.,Hedysarum obscurum L. ) . -. , 1915 ., , , Sorbus hostii (Jacq. f.) K. Koch ssp.margittaiana Jv., (1960) Sorbus margittaiana (Jv.) Krpti. , , , 5,6. ,

, Festucadominii var. margittaii Krajina.

, : i . (Margittai, 1911, 1913, 1914, 1918, 1926) . , .

, ` , , , , , ,`, , , , , . , Drobn zprvy o Slovenskej kvetene (Margittai, 1932) Letn kvetena Brezovice nad Torysou a jej okolia (Margittai, 1937).

, - , - . , 20- ( , ), (Medzibodroie ., Bodrogkz . .), , ` . , , . , , , , ( ) ,

___________________________________________5 Ferkov V., Maglock ., Marhold K. erven zoznam papraorastov a semennch

rastln Slovenska // Ochr. Prr. (Bansk Bystrica). 2001. 20, Suppl. S. 48 - 81.6 Zoznam druhov eurpskeho vznamu, druhov nrodnho vznamu, druhov vtkov a

prioritnch druhov, na ktorch ochranu sa vyhlasuj chrnen zemia. Priloha . 4 kvyhlake . 24/2003 Z.z. // Zbierka zkonov. 2003. iastka 13, . 24. S. 183-222.

14 15

(Margittai, 1929, 1933, 1935). ; , . , - , . .

1916 , , `7. . `, -, 8, 9 10. ( , , , .), ,, .

, , Adatok Bereg vrmegye flrjhoz ( ` (Margittai, 1911)), 775 , 408 . 10- ,, , - , ` ` . , 66 (Margittai, 1913, 1915). , , . 20- - , . , ,, , , - . , , (, 1923, 2010), (Margittai, 1927, 1933). Adatokaz szakkeleti Felvidk flrjhoz ( -) , 238 , . Additamenta ad Floram Carpatorum Septentrionali-orientalium(1933) 200 . , ( ), .

. ( -) . , , `,, (Margittai, 1935).

, . Asplenium adiantum nig-rum L., Lathyrus transsilvanicus (Spreng.) Reichenb., Limosella aquatica L.,

___________________________________________7 ` - ( ),

, `,, , - .

8 , , , -, , . .

9 1945 . , - .

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16 17

Achillea pannonica Scheele, Taraxacum nigricans (Kit.) Reichenb.,Leontopodium alpinum Cass., Euphorbia carpatica Woloszcz.,Potamogeton alpinus Balb. . ` , 11 .

20- , -, : - . - , - (, 1923). - . (, 1923), . , - . , -. 642 , 186 7 64 66- . , ,.

1936 , , - . (J. Dostl) Podkarpatska Rus, asopis Turist(Margittai, 1936a, b). , , . ( `), `- , . , . . , , - . ( -) () (`- ).

, , , . , , , . , , .. .

, , . , , , , (Amaranthusalbus L., Juncus tenuis Willd., Centaurea diffusa Lam., Erechthiteshieracifolia (L.) Raf. ex DC. ). ( .), (Margittai, 1928).

, . Rosa L., Elatine L., Centaurea L..

Rosa, , , . , - . Rosa Turczmegye s a vele hatros megykvadon term rzsi (Margittai, 1918), 21- ( 169 ). ( Rosa )

___________________________________________11 . / . .. . .:

, 2009. 912 .

18 19

, Rosa tomentosaSm. var. micans Des. f. submicans Marg. et Sabr., R. micrantha Sm.var. perparva (Borb.) f. suprahirta Marg. et Sabr., R. canina L. var.globularis (Frakchet) H. Br. subvar. perfrondosa Marg. et Sabr., R. nitidulaBesser var. barsensis Marg. et Sabr., R. coriifolia Fr. var. barsensis Marg.et Sabr., Rosa caryophyllacea Besser var. prvyana Marg. et Kupk., Rosapimpinellifolia R. pendulina var. Margarethae Marg.12 (Rosapimpinellifolia pendulina dumetorum). Rosa margittaiana Sabr.(R. pendulina L. x R. dumetorum Thuill.), . , . , - , , 92. Rosa canina L. 38 : R. tomentosa Sm. var. beregiensisMarg.; R. dumetorum Thuill. var. beskidiana Marg., var. corymbosaMarg., var. piligera Marg. var. srsensis Marg. (, 1923). Rosa (Margittai, 1937), ` ( ), : Rosacanina L. var. albida Marg., var. calycifrons Marg., var. inaequalifoliaMarg., var. Katarinae Marg., var. lanceolata Marg., var. longifolia Marg.,var. Mankovicsiana Marg., var. multiflora Marg., var. polyflora Marg.;Rosa dumetorum Thuil. var. ariensis Marg., var. solstitialis Desv.f. leiostyla Marg., var. transiens Marg.; Rosa glauca Vill. var. bresevicensisMarg., var. pilosula Crist. f. brevipedunculata Marg.; Rosa dumetorumThuil. var. grandifrons Marg.; Rosa coriifolia Fr. var. slovenica Marg. - ,, , .

(Elatine), , . , . - . , , , ` , (Margittai,1927, 1930). , , - (Margittai, 1939) -- Elatine, - , 10 . - . Elatine, (E. triandra Schkur. f. typica Marg., f. pedicellata Marg.,E. campylosperma Seub. f. typica Marg.), E. hungarica Moesz. , (, ), . , - Elatine, , .

Centaurea, - (Margittai, 1932). , , . 43 -. , . : Centaurea beskidiana Wagn. et Marg. (C. melanocalathia Borb. C. indurata Janka), C. beregiensis Wagn. et Marg. (C. indurata Janka C. carniolica Host.), C. munkcsensis Wagn. et Marg. (C. nigrescensWilld. C. carniolica Host.).

___________________________________________12 ,

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___________________________________________13 Cserey A. Kis nvnyhatroz. Budapest: Stampfel-fle Knyvkiad, 1913.14 Jvorka S. Magyar flra. Budapest: Studium, 1925. 1309 l.

22 23

- Szlfld Alap (), .

, - .

.., ..

.. . ..

.

REVERT OF ANTAL MARGITTAISSCIENTIFIC HERITAGE

The territory hidden in the deepest depression of the Carpathian Arc,that only from the late XIX century became known under the name ofHungarian Rus (later Podkarpatska Rus) for centuries remained one of theleast studied outlying areas of Central Europe. Till the late XIX century therewere only scrappy data collected mainly by amateurs on the nature of thisarea that successively was a part of Hungary, Austrian and Austro-HungarianEmpires. Only from the early XX century systemic studies were commencedin this territory. They were initiated and carried on primarily by scholarsfrom principal scientific centres of Austro-Hungary Budapest and Vienna,and after the end of the First World War, when the territory became a part ofthe Czechoslovak Republic (1919), by scholars from Prague and Brno, and acohort of skilled amateur researchers joining them. Due to their efforts in thefirst half of the XX century already an important bulk of primary materialwas accumulated and partly published, and rich collections were amassed.On their basis the first generalizations and analyses were carried out. It wasin this period of time that considerable arrays of information on the nature ofthe land became accessible for European researchers.

The set up potential spurt for development of the naturalistic studies ofthe area was interrupted by the Second World War, after which almost all theland became a part of the Soviet Union as the Transcarpathian Region of theUkrainian SSR. The land occurred in the spheres of quite different social andcultural relationships, transformed to a great extent by the totalitariancommunist regime.

After Transcarpathia was annexed by the Ukrainian SSR in 1945, Russianand Ukrainian researchers who for the first time had an opportunity to getacquainted with a new and almost unknown for them natural world of theCarpathian region began their active work in the land. As ProfessorM.G. Popov15, a well-known botanist and geographer of those times, for thefirst time in the history of science, flora and vegetation of middle Europewere scrutinized by the eyes of an Iranian, the Alps and Carpathians inthe aspect of the Himalayas and Tien Shan, Altai and Caucasus, while before___________________________________________

15 Popov M.G. Ocherk rastitelnosti i flory Karpat. oskva: Izd-vo Mosk.obshestva ispyt. prirody, 1949. 303 s.

24 25

everything was vice versa: the whole plant kingdom was looked at fromCentral Europe.

These words can be applied to other fields of natural studies in theCarpathians as well, so the studies in the region started on the basis of theprinciples and traditions formed as a result of investigations of giganticunexplored Asian East European expanses. That is why the Carpathianswere compared not with the neighbouring Balkan mountains or Alps, butwith the remote but well known to the Soviet researchers Asian mountainlands the nearest of those being the Caucasus. Apart from the easternaspect, one more peculiarity of the research work in the eastern lands inthe Russian Empire, and then in the Soviet Union was the fact that almostall the studies of the territories there were carried on as home researches,so the whole collected material collections, registers, as well aspublications of scientific papers and books was accessible, since it waskept in libraries, institutes, herbaria of one country. The significant factoressentially influencing the peculiarities of nature studies in Russia and theSoviet Union (as a rule, characteristic to a certain extent of all empires)was the directive on underestimating or ignoring the scientific resultsobtained by foreign scientists and purposeful exaggerating of the nativeachievements made in different fields of science. In the post-war period inthe SSSR it was brought up to a grotesque by the campaign of struggleagainst cosmopolitism and obsequiousness toward the western culture,aimed to liquidate the underestimation of importance of Russian scientistsand cultural workers in the development of world civilization.

All this influenced the state of vegetation studies in Transcarpathiaduring the Soviet period of time. After 1945 all the botanical collections ofits flora remained abroad, the published data were scattered in numerousforeign journals of small circulation and moreover, they needed specialtranslation from the Hungarian, Czech, and Slovak languages, and only afew publications were written in the more known German or Latinlanguages. Under these circumstances the Soviet researchers did not referto the published but for the time being foreign data, and it could be saidthat they started their botanical studies in Transcarpathia from scratch. Inthe spring of 1946 a number of expeditions were organized and carried on,in the first place, to the mountainous areas, during which herbaria werebeing collected actively. High rates and intensity of the field observations,as well as quite good, as for the post-war period, financing of the research

groups and the encouragement rendered them by the government made itpossible to collect in a few years a considerable herbarium material andmake the first generalizations on the floristic and cenotic diversity ofTranscarpathia. By these investigations of the first post-war years quite anew basis for the studies of vegetation of the land was founded. The arrayof material of a good quality collected in the pre-war time had not enteredit nearly at all. The settled tone of ignoring the most valuable layer of datapersisted further on, and soon, with few exclusions, became practically thenorm for botanical research work in the region. Only a few botanists, amongthem Professors S.S. Fodor, S.M. Stoyko, K.A. Malinovsky, V.I. Chopikreferred to the data of their Hungarian, Czech, and Slovak precursors andactively used them in their works. The interest to the results of studies of thepre-Soviet period in Transcarpathia was not increased by the publication ofwell-grounded Bibliografia k flre SR16, where all the scientific reportsof botanical schools in the land published before 1952 were brought together.To a great pity, for the 20 years of Ukrainian independence the generalsituation has changed only negligibly, though scientists have at last had theopportunity to work freely at libraries and herbarium funds abroad andcontact the foreign colleagues.

Today, when new information on Ukrainian flora (new editions of thechecklist of vascular plants and the new Flora of Ukraine), a newdetermination key of vascular plants of the Ukrainian Carpathians, the RedBook of the Ukrainian Carpathians and a checklist of the Transcarpathianflora are being compiled and got ready for publication, and syntaxonomicstudies in the Carpathians region are under way, there is an evident necessityto use all the primary materials accumulated as a result of the studies in thepre-Soviet times in Transcarpathia.

Among these materials the scientific heritage of Professor of MukachevoGrammar School Antal Margittai is a particularly weighty contributiondistinguished by the most complete information, and in the volume ofcollected data, geographical range of studies, minuteness and accuracy inobserving natural objects, trustworthiness of their identification it can bedetermined as one of the most important sources of knowledge about thefloristic diversity of the land. Unfortunately, the materials of Margittais

___________________________________________16 Futk J., Domin K. Bibliografia k flre SR. Do R. 1952. Bratislava: Vydavatelstvo

Slovenskej Akadmie vied, 1960. 884 s.

26 27

heritage though they are topical even today, in spite of the remoteness ofthe time, fell out of the information field of Ukrainian botanists almostcompletely. So the revert of the scientists works for the wide circles ofresearchers is well-grounded and timely.

Antal Gerber17 (Margittai, 17.09. 1880 17.07. 1939) was born in a villageof Palanok (now a part of Mukachevo, Transcarpathian Region, Ukraine) toa family of ethnic Germans, studied at Mukachevo Grammar School, then in1900 entered Budapest University and graduated from it as a teacher inMathematics and Physics. He worked as a professor of Teachers Seminariesin Kltor pod Znievom (1904-1912) and in tubnianske (Turianske) Teplice(1912-1916) now belonging to Slovakia, then at Mukachevo TeachersSeminary (1916-1920) and at Mukachevo Grammar School.

The scientific achievements of this outstanding personality impress bytheir tremendous scale. Of special value is his colossal in volume herbariumnumbering about 50 thousand (!!!) sheets being a unique source ofinformation. The major part of the herbarium data was published in numerousreports that appeared mainly in Hungarian botanical journals. Today AntalMargittais research work is known to the Ukrainian scientific communityalmost only for his Supplements to the flora of Podkarpatska Rus (Margittai,1923, 2010). The rest of his reports published in Hungarian and Czechoslovakspecial periodicals are nearly almost out of reach for Ukrainian researcherstoday. This is why, when carrying on the actions devoted to thecommemoration of Antal Margittai on his 130th birthday in 201018, we decidedto republish all the works of the researcher to make them easy of access forthe Ukrainian scientists.

The scientist published 35 scientific papers of which he was the soleauthor. However, a lot of his works remain to be manuscripts. The scientistpublished the results of his observations in the main Hungarian botanicaljournals Magyar Botanikai Lapok and Botanikai Kzlemnyek inHungarian and Latin, supplying almost every report with a summary givenin German. Some works were published in the Czech and Slovak languages.

The major part of his works is devoted to the studies of floristic diversityof both individual localities and whole areas of the North-East Carpathianregion. Some of his reports contain information on the first findings of somerare plant species (Potamogeton alpinus Balb., Euphorbia carpaticaWooszcz., Draba carinthiaca Hoppe). A number of articles are the resultof his taxonomic studies of systematically complex genera Rosa L.,Centaurea L., Elatine L. Unfortunately, the Latin-Hungarian botanicaldictionary, compiled by A. Margittai, remains unpublished; however, itillustrates one more trend of his many-sided scientific activity.

Meanwhile, the contribution of Antal Margittai into knowledge of plantkingdom diversity of the areas studied by him is the weightiest. The youngscientist showed his interest to the floristic observations as early as duringhis study at Mukahevo Grammar School, when he carried on his firstexcursions. During his studies at Budapest University A. Margittai gotacquainted with Hungarian botanists with whom he maintained close contactsall his life. Among those there were such outstanding personalities of the XXcentury as Sndor Jvorka (the author of the first Flora of Hungary (1925)),`dm Boros, Jnos Wgner, `rpd Degen, et al. Having graduated with thediploma of teacher in Physics and Mathematics he worked as a professor atTeachers seminaries of Austro-Hungary in former Turc comitat (North-WestSlovakia) for about 13 years. It was in the Western Carpathians where theyoung teachers interest in floristic research appeared in all its power.

A. Margittai started his pedagogical path in 1904 in the small town ofKltor pod Znievom, and then continued his work in a small town oftubnianske (Turianske) Teplice, West Carpathians. Here he studied someof the most interesting botanical areas of the West Carpathians mountainridges of the Mal and Velk Fatra, distinguished by both notable floristicdiversity and high endemism Eldorado of lime rocks, as A. Margittai putit. In his first report Antal Margittai summarized the results of his five-yearobservations in the mountain massif of Mal Fatra, environs of Kltor podZnievom and other parts of Turc comitat, when he collected about 700plant species (Margittai, 1910). In this paper he gives only new for the regionspecies (such as Equisetum telmateia Ehrh., Potamogeton natans L., Carextomentosa L., C. ornithopoda Willd., Hedysarum obscurum L., etc.) andconfirms the growings of some plants which were doubtful before. Theimportant contribution of A. Margittai into the knowledge of the Mal Fatraflora was highly appreciated by the botanists of those days. Soon afterwards,in 1915, Sndor Jvorka, analyzing A. Margittais herbarium collections,

___________________________________________17 Antal Gerber changed his German familial surname to a Hungarian one Margittai

taking his wifes name (Margit Papp) after their wedding in 1906.18Andrik E., Kish R., Shevera M., Dzhachman R., Kohut E. International scientific

conference Bicentenary of vegetation cover studies of the Carpathians (Mukachevo,Berehovo (Ukraine), September 16-19, 2010) // Ukr. Botan. Zhurn. 2010. Vol. 67, 5. S. 778-782.

28 29

described a new subspecies Sorbus hostii (Jacq. f.) K. Koch ssp. margittaianaJv., which later was given a taxonomic position of species by Zoltn Krpti(1960) Sorbus margittaiana (Jv.) Krpti. At present this relic species asone of the four endemics of the Mal Fatra entered the Red List of Slovakiaand has the status of a species of national importance, having the priority inestimating protected areas 19, 20. There was another taxon called in honour ofA. Margittai, described in Slovakia and also entering the Slovak Red List Festuca dominii var. margittaii Krajina.

Year after year A. Margittais excursions gradually cover the whole Turccomitat, and after the mountainous localities he observes less studied plainareas of the region as well. In his further reports (Margittai, 1911, 1913,1914, 1918, 1926) the researcher supplies essentially the floristic data of theregion with new ones. Altogether he generalized the results of his botanicalstudies carried out in this land for many years in his six reports published inHungarian botanical journals.

Soon the geography of the researchers expeditions expanded onto asubstantial part of the Slovak West Carpathians; in particular, the SouthernWhite Carpathians (Jun Biele Karpaty), Kremnicke and tiavnick Vrchymounts, Slovensky raj, Luchanska and Krivanska Mala Fatra, Velka Fatra,Choske vrchy mounts, Belianske Tatry, Low Tatry (Nizke Tatry), High Tatry(Vysoke Tatry) and Western Tatry, Turchanska and Liptovska basins(Turanska and Liptovska kotlina), Spiske vrchy mounts, SharyshskaHighland (ariska vrchovina), etc. The results of these observations werepresented mainly in his herbarium collections and only partly were publishedin his works Drobn zprvy o Slovenskej kvetene (Margittai, 1932) andLetn kvetena Brezovice nad Torysou a jej okolia (Margittai, 1937).

At the time when the greatest interest of botanists was excited byfloristically rich mountain ridges of the West Carpathians A. Margittai wasone of the first to concentrate his attention on vegetation cover studies of noless floristically diverse hills of lowland areas in the Pannonian region ofEast Slovakia. So, from the early 20s of the XX century he starts an activesystematic observation of some localities in the Southern part of the East

Slovak Lowland (Vchodoslovensk nina) (near the borderline of todaysUkraine, Slovakia and Hungary), in particular, the natural area ofMedzibodroie (Bodrogkz Hungarian; Auth.), that is formed by theinterfluves of the Latorytsa, Bodrog and Tisza Rivers. The researcher wasone of the first to focus his attention on this mosaic territory, where loweredboggy areas border on sandy dunes and islets of hillocks, composed of variousrocks and surrounded by a network of water arteries. For the first timeA. Margittai studied in detail the rich and diverse flora of this region, havingobserved the environs of Krlovsk Chlmec, Ladmoc, Somotor and Velkand Mal Kamenec (Tarbucka mount) of todays Koice district (Margittai,1929, 1933, 1935). In most cases he described vegetation of the localitiesaccording to the characteristic types of biotopes singled out by him; whilescrupulous studying the natural fraction of flora he considered also segetaland ruderal ones, noted adventitious plant species. To embrace all the speciesrichness of the observed areas at most, he practiced successive visiting themin different seasons, sometimes even monthly.

As a result, the original herbarium materials collected by him and thedata given reflect the floristic diversity of these localities at that time in amost complete way and today remain one of the most important evidences ofsome plant species growing.

In 1916 Antal Margittai, coming back to Mukachevo continued hisfloristic observations that he had started as a grammar school pupil in hisnative Bereg comitat21. He devotes all his free from teaching time to thepurposeful observation of the land territory. His routes cover, apart from theBereg comitat, the furthest and as a rule unexplored localities of theneighbouring regions of Marmaros22, Ugocsa23 and Ung24. Soon A. Margittai

___________________________________________21 Bereg comitat of Austro-Hungary (then of Czechoslovakia), according to the modern

administrative division, includes Beregovo, Mukachevo, Volivets districts, the major partof Svalyava district and western parts of Irshava district (Transcarpathian Region, Ukraine)and a small part of North-West Hungary.

22 Marmaros comitat includes Rakhiv, Tyachiv, Khust, Mizhgirya districts and a part ofIrshava district of the Transcarpathian Region, as well as northern parts of MaramureCounty in Romania (Romanian areas were not observed by A. Margittai).

23 Vinogradiv district of the Transcarpathian Region was formed within Ugocsacomitat, whose smaller part entered Satu Mare district (Romania) in 1945.

24 The Ung comitat included todays Uzhgorod, Perechin and Veliky Berezny districtsof the Transcarpathian Region and small areas of Michalovce and Sobrance districts ofSlovakia.

___________________________________________19 Ferkov V., Maglock ., Marhold K. erven zoznam papraorastov a semennch

rastln Slovenska // Ochr. Prr. (Bansk Bystrica). 2001. 20, Suppl. S. 48 - 81.20 Zoznam druhov eurpskeho vznamu, druhov nrodnho vznamu, druhov vtkov

a prioritnch druhov, na ktorch ochranu sa vyhlasuj chrnen zemia. Priloha . 4 kvyhlake . 24/2003 Z.z. // Zbierka zkonov. 2003. iastka 13, . 24. S. 183-222.

30 31

becomes a leading connoisseur of the regional flora and gains the deservedrecognition in the Czech botanical scientific circles as well he co-operateswith many well-known Czech botanists (Karel Domin, Josef Podpra, MiloDeyl, Miroslav Maloch et al.), exchanges herbarium materials, givesconsultations, carries on common botanical excursions.

In his first paper Adatok Bereg vrmegye flrjhoz (Data on flora ofthe Bereg comitat (Margittai,1911)), concerning the flora of todaysTranscarpathian territory Antal Margittai gives 775 plant species, 408 ofthose being new for the region. In this report he generalized the results ofnearly ten-year botanical studies carried on mainly in the TranscarpathianLowland, Vyhorlat-Hutynsky ridge, East Beskidy and Borzhava polonynas.In his next works the scientist notes that he had found 66 new species more(Margittai, 1913, 1915). Under the First World War the researcher, havingno possibility to travel freely, had to confine his field of observations mainlyto the environs of Mukachevo. In the early 20s he again carried on his shortone- or two-day botanical excursions in different parts of Transcarpathia,and soon covered practically all the geographical areas of the land. Apartfrom the Transcarpathian Lowland, he observed areas in VerkhovinskyVododilny, Polonynsky, Svydovetsky, Chornohirsky, Vyhorlat-Hutynskyridges, and in the Marmarosh Alps. He published the observation resultsobtained in these years in his paper Supplements to the flora of PodkarpatskaRus (Margittai, 1923, 2010), and then summarized them more completelyin two more reports (Margittai, 1927, 1933). In the firts one, Adatok azszakkeleti Felvidk flrjhoz (Data on flora of North-East Carpathians,1927) he gave only the rarest in his view 238 plant species, among whichthere were the some new ones for the region. About 200 species more aregiven in his further paper Additamenta ad Floram Carpatorum Septentrionali-orientalium (1933). Apart from the data for Transcarpathia, there are alsothe ones for the species of the Zemplin comitat (now East Slovakia) that theUng comitat bordered on.

Antal Margittai was the first to study in detail the flora of the Pyetrosmount of Chornohorsky ridge (Rakhiv district), he described its specificdiversity depending on the altitudinal belts and gave a comparative table ofthe Pyetros, Bliznitsa, Dragobrat, Gereshaska and Tatulska mountain peaks(Margittai, 1935).

The scientist discovered a great number of plant species new for theTranscarpathian flora, estimated their distribution. His works contain data

on growing of some rare species Asplenium adiantum nigrum L., Lathyrustranssilvanicus (Spreng.) Reichenb., Limosella aquaticaL., Achilleapannonica Scheele, Taraxacum nigricans (Kit.) Reichenb., LeontopodiumalpinumCass., Euphorbia carpatica Wooszcz., Potamogeton alpinus Balb.,etc. The greatest part of these species enters regional, Ukrainian25 andinternational sozological data lists.

As early as at the beginning of the 20s of the XX century, having analyzedthe floristic works of his precursors Antal Margittai states: from thefloristic point of view Podkarpatska Rus is poorly studied. It is because ourland is very far away from the cultural centres, and some of its parts aredifficult to access through the lack of railways (Margittai, 1923). So heponders over the most complete studies of the region with the aim to publisha fundamental Flora for the area. To start with, he publishes the first partof the previous floristic summary under the title Supplements to the flora ofPodkarpatska Rus (Margittai, 1923), in which he generalizes the resultsobtained by his precursors and his own perennial studies. His work presentsa list of species as well as intraspecious taxa given according to theconventional for those times A. Englers system, supplied with the referencesof their sites. Reports on 642 species, 186 varieties and 7 subspecies of naturalflora and 64 cultivated species of 66 families of higher vascular plants aregiven here. Unfortunately, the destiny of the next parts is unknown.

In 1936 Antal Margittai wrote a large article reviewing the flora ofTranscarpathia for a regional guidebook Podkarpatska Rus published byJ. Dostl, which in the same year was republished in the local lore journalasopis Turist (Margittai, 1936a, b). In this article the author gives thespecific composition of flora on Pikuy mount (the East Beskydy), Borzhavapolonynas, Pip Ivan mount of Marmaros, carries out a comparative floristicanalysis of Hoverla and Pyetros mounts of Chornohora ridge, Svydovets ridgeand its separate areas, gives brief characteristics of the rare plants of ChornaHora (Vynogradiv district) and the relics of former Szernye (Chorny) Mocsr(Beregovo and Mukachevo districts).

Unfortunately, Antal Margittai did not manage to summarize all the materialscollected by him and write, as he planned, the Flora of Podkarpatska Rus.

___________________________________________25 Red Data Book of Ukraine. Plant Kingdom / Ed. Ya.P. Didukh. yiv:

Globalconsulting, 2009. 912 s.

32 33

However, we can state that his herbarium collections and the data reflectedin his publications represent most completely the floristic diversity ofTranscarpathia the decades of further studies added to these onlynegligibly. It should be noted that a great number of species, includingthose rare for the land and Ukraine now are known only due to theresearchers collections and reports.

Studying the natural autochthonous flora A. Margittai always paidattention to the adventitious plant species, noted the time of their emergencesand offered his suppositions as to the ways of their transfer. So, for example,he writes that for years I have been observing the plants that come to useither through trafficking or by the railway transport In different articlesI have already published a lot of such adventitious plants (Amaranthusalbus L., Juncus tenuis Willd., Centaurea diffusa Lam., Erechthiteshieracifolia (L.) Raf. ex DC., etc.). Last year some new species occurred These species came here either from Nagy Alfld (the Pannonian Lowland)or from abroad. (Margittai, 1928).

Apart from floristic investigations, Antal Margittai was interested in theproblems of plant systematics. The most complicated in taxonomical aspectgenera Rosa L., Elatine L., Centaurea L., etc. were in the range of hisinterests.

The researcher had a thorough grasp of genus Rosa taxonomy that hestudied in detail over two decades, in particular, he described a series of newforms and hybrids. The results of the studies in this genus were publishedboth in his special reports on systematics and in a number of his floristicpapers. The first summarizing report on genus Rosa diversity was presentedby A. Margittai in his paper Turczmegye s a vele hatros megyk vadonterm rzsi Wild dog-roses in the Turcz comitat and the neighbouringareas (A. Margittai, 1918), where he notes distribution of 21 species and agreat number of varieties and forms of dog-roses in the studied area (169taxa in all), in co-operation with specialists in genus Rosa Samu Kupcsokand Henrich Sabransky he describes guite a number of new taxa, includingRosa tomentosa Sm. var. micans Des. f. submicans Marg. et Sabr.,R. micrantha Sm. var. perparva (Borb.) f. suprahirta Marg. et Sabr., R. caninaL. var. globularis (Frakchet) H. Br. subvar. perfrondosa Marg. et Sabr.,R. nitidula Besser. var. barsensis Marg. et Sabr., R. coriifolia Fr. var. barsensisMarg. et Sabr., Rosa caryophyllacea Besser var. Prvyana Marg. et Kupk.,

Rosa pimpinellifolia R. pendulina var. Margarethae Marg.26 (Rosapimpinellifolia x pendulina dumetorum). In the same paper a new speciesof hybrid origin is described Rosa margittaiana Sabr. (R. pendulina L. xR. dumetorum Thuill.), given by H.Sabransky, who carried out the taxonomicrevision of dog-roses. Later, in the well-known Supplements to the flora ofPodkarpatska Rus the scientist gave the results of his fundamental studieson the diversity of dog-roses in the area of todays Transcarpathia, for whichhe noted six species and 92 varieties, among these he singled out 38 varietieswithin Rosa canina L. species, describes new for science taxa R. tomentosaSm. var. beregiensis Marg.; R. dumetorum Thuill. var. beskidiana Marg.,var. corymbosa Marg., var. piligera Marg. and var. srsensis Marg.(Margittai,1923). A series of new varieties and forms of dog-roses is givenin one of his last works (Margittai,1937), devoted to the flora of Brezovica(East Slovak area today), in particular, Rosa canina L. var. albida Marg.,var. calycifrons Marg., var. inaequalifolia Marg., var. KatarinaeMarg.,var. lanceolata Marg., var. longifolia Marg., var. Mankovicsiana Marg.,var. multifloraMarg., var. polyflora Marg.; Rosa dumetorum Thuil.var. ariensis Marg., var. solstitialis Desv. f.leiostyla Marg., var. transiensMarg.; Rosa glauca Vill. var. bresevicensis Marg., var. pilosula Crist.f. brevipedunculata Marg.; Rosa dumetorum Thuil. var. grandifrons Marg.;Rosa coriifoliaFr. var. slovenica Marg. At the end of his life Antal Margittaicompleted his manuscript of a monograph on the wild dog-roses of the North-East Carpathians, that, has not been published yet and is kept in the archiveof Hungarian Natural History Museum.

For a long time the researcher dealt with genus Elatine species,distinguished by their specific ecological peculiarities, due to which it isdifficult to identify them in nature. Having studied the characteristics of thesites typical for these species, A. Margittai managed to investigate minutelytheir biological and morphological peculiarities. He devoted his three papersto this group of plants and in the first two he gave the characteristics of theirsites, their distribution in the territories of the Zemplin, Bereg and Ungcomitats, and concentrated on some interspecific differences of the group(Margittai, 1927, 1930). In his last summarizing paper (Margittai, 1939)published posthumously he made a critical-systematic analysis of genus___________________________________________

26 This variety was named by Antal Margittai in honour of his wife (Margit Papp) whohad found this plant.

34 35

Elatine, substantiated the basic diagnostic characteristics of species, processedin detail about 10 thousand beds-individuals of every species. On the basisof the investigation Antal Margittai notes growing of five species and fourforms of genus Elatine in the observed region, three of them being describedby him for the first time (E. triandra Schkur. f.typica Marg., f. pedicellataMarg., E. campylosperma Seub. f. typica Marg.), but he did not admit thespecific status of E. hungarica Moesz. The article is supplied with an originaldetermination key for the taxa, as well as illustrations of typical leaves andseeds (mature, immature ones, those with various deviations) drawn by well-known Hungarian artist and florist Vera Csapodi upon the original sketchesmade by Antal Margittai. His works on genus Elatine are thought to be classical,the data given in them being topical today.

Genus Centaurea was another object of the researchers special interest,and he devoted an original article to its species under the title Cornflowersof the North-East Carpathians (Margittai,1932). Although there were a lotof florists working in the region, this group of plants was not processedcompletely and critically enough. 43 species of this genus listed by theresearcher show the diversity of the genus in the North-East Carpathians. Inco-operation with well-known Hungarian botanist, specializing in the genusCentaurea Jnos Wgner, A. Margittai described three new for the sciencetaxa: C. beskidiana Wagn. et Marg. (C. melanocalathia Borb. indurataJanka),C. beregiensis Wagn. et Marg. (C. indurata Janka C. carniolica Host.),C.munkcsensis Wagn. et Marg. (C. nigrescens Willd. C. carniolica Host.).

It should be noted that almost all the data given in the article were borneout by the researchers herbarium specimens the major part of which is keptin the herbarium of Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest. AntalMargittai worked in the places far away from the capital and had no possibilityto contact his colleagues immediately, but he corresponded and consultedwith them very actively, sent plants for revision and exchanged herbariumspecimens with the prominent European specialists. He used the Hungariandetermination keys27, 28, as well as the herbarium specimens alreadydetermined by specialists.

Alongside with their scientific significance, Antal Margittais works havea considerable historical value, since they reflect the former floristic diversity

of both Transcarpathia and East Slovakia of the early XX century. Today thishelps to state and trace the changes having occurred as a result of the economicmanagement in the territory, in particular, in the plain part of it. It is in theplain part where for the last century notably sensitive anthropogenic changestook place, and the natural complexes suffered from great losses first of allthrough the reclamation of flood plains, forest felling and drainage. Here isone of the examples: in the late XX century, in the Soviet period of time,Szernye Mocsr, a unique relic marsh located in the depression between thetowns of Mukachevo and Beregovo, was completely drained and irrevocablylost.

As early as in the 20s of the last century Antal Margittai stood up forpreserving this marsh. It is significant that in those times the researcher wasone of the first to raise the problem of nature protection in the land and in hisworks and stressed on the necessity not only to investigate, but also to protectunique natural areas.

The brief review of Antal Margittais publications given above showsonly a part of his valuable scientific heritage. Of course, a tremendous layerof the primary data is concentrated also in his herbarium collections that arestill waiting for new special studies, as well as his manuscripts of his articlesand monographs.

* * *

This edition is an attempt to collect all the known at present works ofA. Margittai articles, short reports, travel sketches (except for hisSupplements to the flora of Podkarpatska Rus published earlier) in onebook, making them accessible for Ukrainian scientists.

The copies and reprints of A. Margittais publications were given byDr. Myroslav Shevera, Roman Kish, Mgr. Daniel Pifk, Dr. Andriy Mihaly,Dr. Jii Danihelka. The articles are given in the chronological order, withpreservation of the authors spelling; within the texts of some articlesamendments were induced only in abbreviations of the generic names of thespecies which in the authors variant were signed by the inverted commas.Scanning, reading and correcting of the text, translation of the Hungariansummary, preparing the articles for printing were made by Dr. Eva Andrik.

The initiators of the edition express their sincere gratitude to all whotook part in preparing and publishing of it: Lecturer of Ferenc Rkoczi II

___________________________________________27 Cserey A. Kis nvnyhatroz. Budapest: Stampfel-fle Knyvkiad, 1913.28 Jvorka S. Magyar flra. Budapest: Studium, 1925. 1309 l.

36 37

Transcarpathian Hungarian Institute Erzsbet Kohut and Gergely Kohut forreading some Hungarian texts, Lecturer of the Department of Slovak Philologyof Uzhgorod National University Dr. Lesya Budnikova and Senior ScientificWorker of the same university Dr. Gennadiy Budnikov for reading Slovakand Czech texts, Eleonora Mikhalyova for translating texts into English,Senior Scientific Worker, Dr. Jaroslavna Szaniszl for scanning of somearticles. It is our pleasant duty to thank Curator of Herbarium ofMasarykUniversity Dr. Jii Danihelka (Brno, Czechia) for presenting one of the Czecharticles, and Lecturer of the Department of Forestry of Uzhhorod NationalUniversity, Dr. Andriy Mihaly for presenting copies of some works of thescientist; Lecturer of the Department of Botany of Uzhhorod NationalUniversity, Dr. Vasyl Sabadosh for reviewing the text of preface and givinghelpful advice, and Maya Koshova for editing the text of the preface.

The publication of the book was possible due to the support of Presidentof Ferenc Rkoczi II Transcarpathian Hungarian Institute Dr. Ildik Oroszand Szlfld Alap Fund (Hungary) which we appreciate very highly.

We hope that the republication of Antal Margittais scientific papers willstimulate further floristic studies in the Carpathian region.

E. Andrik, R. KishUzhhorod National University

M. SheveraM.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany

National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

D. PifkHungarian Natural History Museum

. / List of A. Margittai publications

1. Margittai A. Adatok Turcz vrmegye flrjhoz. Beitrge zur Kenntnisder Flora des Komitates Turcz // Magy. ot. Lap. 1910. 9, 59. Old. 276279.

2. Margittai A. jabb adatok Turcz vrmegye flrjhoz. II. NeuereBeitrge zur Flora des Turczer Komitates. II // Magy. Bot. Lap. 1911. 10, 810. Old. 343344.

3. Margittai A. Adatok Bereg vrmegye flrjhoz. Beitrge zur flora desBereger Comitates // Magy. Bot. Lap. 1911. 10, 1112. Old. 388413.

4. Margittai A. jabb adatok Bereg vrmegye flrjhoz. Neuere Beitrgezur Flora des Bereger Komitates // Magy. Bot. Lap. 1913. 12, 15. Old. 127129.

5. Margittai A. Adatok Turcz vrmegye flrjhoz. III. Beitrge zur Florades Komitates Turcz. III // Magy. Bot. Lap. 1913. 12, 89. Old. 236250.

6. Margittai A. Adatok Turcz vrmegye flrjhoz. IV. Beitrge zurKenntnis der Flora des Komitates Turcz. IV // Magy. Bot. Lap. 1914. 13, 15. Old. 7281.

7. Margittai A. jabb adatok Beregvrmegye flrjhoz. III. Neuere Beitrgezur Kenntnis der Flora des Bereger Komitates. III // Magy. Bot. Lap. 1915. 14, 14. Old. 8l82.

8. Margittai A. A Pulsatilla pratensis var. Zichyi Schur j lelhelye haznkban. ber einen neuen Standort der Pulsatilla pratensis var. Zichyi Schur in Ungarn// Magy. Bot. Lap. 1915. 14, 14. Old. 8384.

9. Margittai A. Turczmegye s a vele hatros megyk vadon term rzsi. Rosae sponte crescentes Comitatus Turc comitatumque adjecentium // Magy. Bot.Lap. 1918 (1919). 17, 112. Old. 8295.

10. A. // -. 4 . 1923. M: . .1. C. 899.

11. Margittai A. Botanick exkurse na Svidovec u Jasiny // esk ten. 1926. 68. S. 9196.

12. Margittai A. jabb adatok Turoczvrmegye flrjhoz. Neuere Beitrgezur Flora des Turczer Komitates // Magy. Bot. Lap. 1926 (1927). 25, 112. Old. 219226.

13. Margittai A. Adatok az szakkeleti Felvidk flrjhoz // Bot. Kzl. 1927. 24, 56. Old. 154164.

38 39

14. Margittai A. Az szakkeleti Felvidk Elatine-fajai // Magy. Bot. Lap. 1927 (1928). 26, 112. Old. 1518.

15. Margittai A. Az lris hungarica W. et K. jabb termhelye. NeuereStandorte von Iris hungarica W. et K. // Magy. Bot. Lap. 1928 (1929). 27, 112. Old. l718.

16. Margittai A. jabb vndornvnyek Munkcson. Neuere Adventivpflanzenin der Flora von Munkcs // Magy. Bot. Lap. 1928 (1929). 27, 112. Old. 1819.

17. Margittai A. Szomotor homokjnak flrja. Die Flora des Sandgebietesvon Szomotor // Bot. Kzl. 1929. 26, 14. Old. 2632.

18. Margittai A. Kirlyhelmec s krnyknek flrja. Flora vonKirlyhelmec und umgebung // Ibid. 1929. 26, 56. Old. 8896.

19. Margittai A. Az Elatine ambigua Wight jabb termhelyei. berneuere standorte d. Elatine ambigua // Magy. Bot. Lap. 1930. 29, 112. Old. 1415.

20. Margittai A. A havasi gyopr felfedezse a Szvidovecen. Berichtet berdie Entdeckung des Edelweisses auf d. Berg Svidovec // Magy. Bot. Lap. 1930. 29, 112. Old. 1822.

21. Margittai A. A Draba carinthiaca Hope a Szvidovec csoportban. Berichtet ber die Entdeckung der Draba carinthiaca Hoppe auf d. Dragobratova(Svidovec-Gruppe im Komitate Mramaros) // Magy. Bot. Lap. 1930. 29, 112. Old. 283.

22. Margittai A. Az szakkeleti Krptok Centaurei. CentaureaeCarpatorum Septemtrionali-Orientalium // Bot. Kzl. 1932. 29, 56. Old. 133138.

23. Margittai A. Az Euphorbia carpatica jabb termhelye. Ein neuerStandort der Euphorbia carpathica in den stkarpathen // Bot. Kzl. 1932. 29, 56. Old. 156.

24. Margittai A. Drobn zprvy o slovenskej kvetene // Sborn. Prirod. Klubu,Koice. 1932. 1. S. 5455.

25. Margittai A. Additamenta ad Floram Carpatorum Septemtrionali-orientalium // Magy. Bot. Lap. 1933. 32, 16. Old. 95104.

26. Margittai A. Ladmc s krnyknek flrja. Flora von Ladmc undUmgebung // Bot. Kzl. 1933. 30, 14. Old. 4757.

27. Margittai A. A Potamogeton alpinus Balb. elfordulsa Mramorosban. Das Vorkommen des Potamogeton Alpinus Balb. im Mramaroser Gebiet // Bot.Kzl. 1934. 31, 34. Old. 158159.

28. Margittai A. A Krsmezei (Jaszinai) Pietrosz-havas flrja. Die Florades Krsmezr (Jasinaer) Pietros // Bot. Kzl. 1935. 32, 16. Old. 7591.

29. Margittai A. Flra Tarbucky pri V. Kevede // Sborn. Prirod. Klubu, Koice. 1935. 2. S. 8490.

30. Margittai A. Kvtena Podkarpatsk Rusi // J. Dostl, Podkarpatska Rus. Ed. 3. 1936. Praha, KST. 1936. S. 249260.

31. Margittai A. Kvtena Podkarpatsk Rusi // asopis Turist. 1936. 48. S. 144146.

32. Margittai A. A nagyszllsi Feketehegy nevezetes nvnyei. Berichtetber die interessantere Pflanzenfunde am Berge Feketehegy bei Nagyszlls(Nordostkarpathen) // Bot. Kzl. 1937. 34, 12. Old. 4852.

33. Margittai A. Letn kvetena Brezovice nad Torysou a jej okolia // Sborn.Prirod. Klubu, Koice. 1937. 3. S. 98110.

34. Margittai A. Az szakkeleti-Krptok nhny rdekes nvnye // Bot.Kzl. 1938. 35, 12. Old. 5863.

35. Margittai A. Megjegyzsek a magyar Elatine-fajok ismerethez. Bemerkungen zur Kenntnis der ungarischen Elatine-Arten // Bot. Kzl. 1939. 36, 56. Old. 296307.

36. A. . (). . .., .., .., .. , , 2010. 100 .

40 41

ADATOK TURCZV`RMEGYE FLR`J`HOZ29

Margittai Antal

1904. ta tanulmnyoztam a Kis-Ftra turczmegyei rsznek flrjt.t v alatt szmtalan botanikai kirndulst vgeztem a Kis-Ftra s a megyeklnbz rszeibe s ezen id alatt vagy 700 fajt gyjtttem. Gyjtsemeredmnyeit sszehasonltottam Wgner Jnos kartrsam Turocz vrmegyeednyes nvnyei cz. munkjban felsorolt adatokkal s eme sszehason-ltsbl szrmaznak az albb felsorolt adataim, melyek rszint az illethelyekre nzve, rszint pedig az egsz megyre nzve jak. Adataim kzttvannak olyanok is, amelyek az eddigi ktes fajok elfordulst is megerstik.

Equisetum telmateia Ehrh. A Szlovni-vlgyben, a knes forrs krl.j adat.

Equisetum variegatum Schleich. Znivralja mellett, a Studinec patakmentn. j adat.

Potamogeton natans L. Znivraljn a Hastavakban. j adat.Potamogeton pusillus L. Znivralja mellett, a Vedzser tba ml

csermelyben.Triglochin palustre L. Ttprna, Kelemenfalva s Rk-Pribcz krl.Phalaris arundinacea L. Turczszentmrton s Znivralja krnykn,

rkok mentn. j adat.Phleum alpinum L. Nemcsak a Kis-Krivn hegycsoportban terem, hanem

a Veterna-Hola 1000 m.-nl magasabb helyein is kznsges.Eragrostis poaeoides Beauv. A Jankv tetejn, Znivralja mellett. j

adat.Lolium temulentum var. macrochaeton A. Br. Dubova krnykn,

lenfldeken. j adat.Eriophorum vaginatum L. Bohatsch s Wgner a Kis-Krivn

hegycsoportrl emltik, terem azonban a Velka-Lukn s a Mincsolon is,a Veterna-Holban.

Carex leporina L. A Mincsol s a Velka-Luka cscsokon, a Veterna-Holban.

Carex vulgaris Fries. j termhelye Valcsa s Rk-Pribcz.Carex tomentosa L. Gyren Znivraljn, a Szlovni vlgybe vezet t

mentn s a Gajdeli hgn. j adat.Carex ornithopoda Willd. A Vriczki-vlgyben rnykos helyeken. j

adat.Carex pallescens L. Wgner Jnos Budisrl emlti, n a Velka-Luka alatt,

Valcsn is.Carex flava L. A Valcsai-vlgyben, a Velka-Luka alatt.Carex distans L. N Znivralja mellett, a Vedzser tnl, Abrahm-falvn

s a Vriczki-vlgyben.Carex hirta L. A Gagyeri-vlgyben, a Blatnicza patak mentn s

a Vriczki-vlgyben.Arum maculatum L. Gyren terem a Jankv oldaln, Znivralja mellett

s a Szlovni-vlgyben.Juncus conglomeratus L. Turczszentmrton s Rk-Pribcz kztt a

vasti rokban, Szucsny krnykn. j adat.Veratrum Lobelianum Bernh. Znivraljn, a Jankovn s Vriczk mellett,

a Klakon. j adat.Colchicum vernale Hoffm. Znivralja krli rteken. Ritka. j adat.Crocus Heuffelianus Herb. A Velka-Lukn seregesen n 1400-1500 m.

magassgban s mjus vge fel virt.Iris pseudacorus L. Turczszentmrton s Ruttka kztt a vasti rokban.

j adat.Orchis militaris L. (lusus albiflorus Asch.) Csak Lezsiacho mellett, az

erd szln talltam nhny pldnyt. j adat.Orchis morio L. Biztosan elfordul a megyben s pedig a Valcsa patak

s a Szlovn patak krli rteken.Goodyera repens R. Br. Znivralja mellett, a Jankv keleti s szaki

oldaln gyren.Polygonum viviparum L. A Kis-Krivn cscson bven 1700 m.

magassgban.Sagina Linnaei Presl. A Klakon, Vriczk mellett.Aconitum variegatum L. var. angustilobum Sr. A Vrhegyen Znivralja

mellett.

___________________________________________29 Magyar Botanikai Lapok. 1910. 9, 59.

Old. 276279.

42 43

Ranunculus flammula L. Nedves rteken Turczszentmrton s Rk-Pribcz kztt.

Drosera rotundifolia L. A Kis-Krivn alatti rteken Trn fltt seregesenterem.

Sedum atratum L. A Koncsita nyugati lejtjn, krlbell 1600 m.magassgban, egy klnll szikln tmegesen terem. j adat.

Saxifraga adscendens L. A Kis-Krivn cscs s a Koncsita kztihegygerinczen szlankint.

Ribes alpinum L. A Klak (Vriczk mellett) szaknyugati lejtjn nhnybokor tenyszik.

Trifolium incarnatum L. Szlovn s Znivralja krl. j adat.Trifolium ochroleucum L. A dubovai erd szln elterl rteken gyren.

j adat.Hedysarum obscurum L. Vitkay a Stochrl az Astragalus alpinus L.-et

emlti, Wgner Jnos azonban elfordulst ktsgesnek tartotta, amennyibena Stochon nem tallta meg. 1909 jlius 22-n megmsztam a Stochot s azegsz Krivn-csoportot, hogy az Astragalus alpinus L. elfordulst eldntsem.Azonban nem talltam ms, ehhez nmileg hasonl pillangs virg nvnyt,mint a Hedysarum obscurum L.-t s valsznnek tartom, hogy Vitkay is tvedetts az Astragalus alpinus L.-je szintn Hedysarum obscurum L. Terem a Stochons a Kis-Krivn cscs keleti lejtjn 1500 m. magassgban. j adat.

Onobrychis sativa Lam. `brahmfalva, Pribcz s Turczszentmrtonkrl.

Lathyrus silvester L. A Szlovni-vlgyben a knes forrs krl.Lathyrus sativus L. Znivraljn, Valcsn, Turczszentmrton s a megye

ms helyein is elvadultan terem a vetsek kztt. j adat.Linum extraaxillare Kit. A Koncsita nyugati lejtjn gyren.Passerina annua Wickstr. Gyren Znivraljn a Klvria alatt. j adat.Epilobium rosmarinifolium Hnkk. Turczszentmrton s Rk-Pribcz

kztt, a vasti rokban. j adat.Epilobium trigonum Schrank. A Belli patak mentn, a Krivn-Ftra

hegycsoportban. j adat.Epilobium alpinum L. A Belli patak eredetnl, a Krivn-Ftrban,

1500 m. tlagos magassgban. j adat.

Bupleurum rotundifolium L. Biztosan elfordul a megyben. Valcsn,Znivraljn s Larn krl, a vetsek kztt n.

Bupleurum falcatum L. Znivraljn, a Vrhegyen s Szlovn krla Vricza partjn.

Seseli annuum Ehrh. Znivraljn, a Vrhegyen s a Hohlersteinon.Scandix pecten veneris L. A znivraljai lloms krl, vetsek kztt.

j adat.Chaerophyllum bulbosum L. Znivraljn, kertekben, keritsek krl.Falcaria rivini Host. AZ egsz megyben sztszrtan n a vetsek

mezsgyin. Tmegesebben ` brahmfalva, Valcsa s Turcz-vrmegye krl.j adat.

Chimaphila umbellata Nutt. Znivraljn, a Horkiban.Monotropa hypopitys L. Znivralja krl, rnykos erdkben gyren.Sweertia perennis L. A Gagyeri-vlgyben, Blatnicza mellett.Convolvulus sepium L. Ruttka s a Sztrecsnyi-szoros kztt,

Znivraljn, a Vricza partjn.Teucrium montanum L. Fbry a Nagy-Ftrbl emlti, elfordul a Kis-

Ftrban is, s pedig Znivraljn, a Vrhegyen s Vriczk mellett,a Hohlersteinon.

Verbascum nigrum L. Znivralja krl mindentt.Scrophularia Ehrharti Stev. Znivralja mellett, a Vedzser t krnykn

terem. j adat.Veronica scutellata L. Dubova krl nedves, mocsaras rteken. j adat.Euphrasia salisburgensis Funk. A Hohlersteinon, Vriczk mellett.Bartschia alpina L. Vitkay a Stochrl, Borbs a Tlsztrl, Wgner a Kis-

Krivn magasabb cscsairl emlti. Terem a Klakon is, Vriczk mellett.Adoxa moschatellina L. A Szlovni-vlgyben, a knes forrs krl,

a Valcsai-vlgy szaki hegyei kztt s Laznban a Szteklcs-fle kertbenbven.

Valerianella olitoria (L.) Poll. Wgner a Vedzser t krnykrl emlti.Terem mg Znivraljn is, az intzeti s ms kertekben.

Valerianella Morisonii Spreng. Znivralja, `brahmfalva, Valcsa sTurczszentmrton krl, a vetsek kztt bven.

Adenostyles Kerneri Simk. Wgner a Nagy-Ftrbl emlti. N a Kis-Ftrban is a Klakon, Vriczk mellett.

44 45

Aster alpinus L. Eddig a Tlsztrl s a Gagyeri-vlgybl emltettk.A Kis-Krivn hegycsoporton is megtalltam a Koncsita s a Kis-Krivn-cscs kzti nyergen, 1500 m. tlagos magassgban.

Inula conyza DC. Znivraljn, a Vricza partjn s a Vedzser-vlgyben.j adat.

Inula ensifolia L. Wgner egyedl Tlsztn szedte. N Znivraljna Studineczen is.

Carlina longifolia Reichenb. A Vedzseri-vlgyben, Znivralja mellett.j adat.

Crepis praemorsa Tausch. A Vrhegyen s a Jankovn, Znivraljamellett.

Ez alkalombl hls ksznetet mondok Dr. Degen `rpd, Dr. GyerGyula s Wgner Jnos uraknak, akik adataimnak meghatrozst srevidelst a legnagyobb kszsggel vllaltk el.

BEITRGE ZUR KENNTNIS DER FLORA DESKOMITATES TURCZ

Margittai Antal

Verf. zhlt in diesem Verzeichnisse die Ergebnisse zahlreicher whrendder Jahre 19041909 in die verschiedensten Teile des Komitates insbesonderein dem Turczer Teil der Kleinen Ftra durchgefhrter Excursionen auf. Dieeinzelnen Standorte sind aus dem ungar. Texte verstndlich; bezglich desvon Vitkay fr den Berg Stoch angegebenen Astragalus alpinus L. erwhntder Verf., dass er gelegentlich speziell dem Aufsuchen dieser Art gewidmeterExcursionen sowohl auf dem Stoch, als auch auf dem Ostabhang des KleinenKrivan von halbwegs hnlichen Papilionaceen nur Hedysarum obscurum L.gefunden habe, dass es also hchst wahrscheinlich ist, dass Vitkay diesePflanze fr Astr. alpinus gehalten hat.

* * *

JABB ADATOK TURCZV`RMEGYE FLR`J`HOZ.II-ik kzlemny.30

NEUERE BEITRGE ZUR FLORA DES TURCZERKOMITATES. II. Mitteilung.

Margittai Antal

Tekintettel azon krlmnyre, hogy a znivralja ll. tantkpz intzetaz 1911-ik vben tkltzkdik Stubnyafrdre, a jvben mr kevs vagytaln mr egyltalban nem lesz alkalmam, a Veterna Hola hegycsoportozatflrjt kutatnom, elhatroztam, hogy az 1910-iki vet tisztn Znivralja skrnyke flrjnak jbli tvizsglsra fogom fordtani. Kutatsaimat sikerkoronzta, amennyiben az albb felsorolt adatokkal bvtem rszintZnivralja, rszint pedig az egsz megye flrjt. 1910. v jnius havbanaz Atragene alpina L. kedvrt megmsztam a Nagy-Ftra Tlszta nev cscst,ahol szintn sikerlt 2 drb., az egsz megyre nzve j nvnyfajt felfedeznem.Adataim a kvetkezk:

Carex verna Vill. Znivralja mellett a Horkiban, a Valcsai-vlgyben sa Klvrin. A. m. u. a.31

C. humilis Leyss. Znivraljn a Horkiban s a Klvrin. A. m. u. a.C. pallescens L. Znivraljn a Klvria alatti rteken s a Halastavaknl

seregesen.C. flava L. Ugyanott.C. oederi Ehrh. A Halastavaknl Znivraljn.C. vesicaria L. A Klvria alatti rteken, a Vriczki vlgyben s a

Halastavaknl Znivralja mellett. A. m. u. a.C. acutiformis Ehrh. A Klvria alatti rteken s a Vriczki vlgyben.

A. m. u. a.Salix incubacea L. Wgner Jnos a Vedzseri t krnykrl emlti mint

nagy ritkasgot. A Vedzseri t krnykt tkutattam a legalaposabban, demr nem tudtam ott megtallni. Valszinleg onnan teljesen kipusztult.Megtalltam azonban a Halastavaknl s a Klvria alatti rteken, aholseregesen n.___________________________________________

30 Magyar Botanikai Lapok. 1911. 10, 80-10. Old. 343344.

31 A megyre nzve j adat. Neu fr die Flora des Komitates (. ).

46 47

Gypsophila repens L. A Tlsztnak az Osztri-fel nz s nagyon flre esmeredek szikljn, ahol seregesen vegetl. A. m.u. a.

Erysimum repandum L. Szent-Mria s Laczk kztt vetsek kzt.Prunus padus L. A Gagyeri vlgyben Blatnicza mellett, Znivraljn

a Vricza partjn.Rosa canina L. f. fallens Dsgl. Znivraljn a Vricza partjn. A. m. u a.Rosa canina L. f. glaucescens Desv. Ugyanott. A. m. u. a.Rosa canina L. f. frondosa H. Br. A Vriczki vlgyben. A. m. u. a.Rosa dumetorum Th. f. urbica Christ. Laznban a Szteklcs-fle hz

eltt egy bokorral. A. m. u. a.Rosa alpina L. f. pubescens Koch. A Sztudineczben Znivralja mellett.

A. m. u. a.Ribes glandulososetosum Koch. A Tlszta oldaln Blatnicza mellett.

A. m. u. a.Geranium dissectum L. A Klvria alatt Znivraljn. A. m. u. a.Linum austriacum L. A znivraljai vasti llomsnl. A. m. u. a.Primula austriaca Wettst. (pannonica x acaulis). A Vedzseri t fltt az

erd szln szrral bir s szr nlkli alakjban. A. m. u. a.Succisa pratensis Mnch. Znivraljn a Klvria alatti nedves rteken.

A. m. u. a.Aster amellus L. A Szlovn fltti vgsban, Znivralja s ` brahmfalva

kzti dombokon. Valszinleg az Erdlybl hozott juhok hurczoltk be.A. m. u. a.

* * *

ADATOK BEREGV`RMEGYE FLR`J`HOZ32

BEITRGE ZUR FLORA DES BEREGER COMITATESMargittai Antal

Mint a munkcsi fgymnzium tanulja mr 1896 ta botanizltam amegyben s azta is gyszlvn minden vben megltogattam szlfldemet,hogy a megye klnbz rszeit tkutassam florisztikai szempontbl. `z191011. vi vakczimat ismt Beregben tltttem s az albb felsorolt

helyeken rszint gyjtgettem, rszint sszertam a czikkembem kzltadatokat. Tbbszr fennjrtam a Verchovinn is, de onnan csak azokat azadatokat kzlm, melyeket Thaisz Lajos r, aki idkzben szintn kutatott amegye felvidki rszn, a Magyar Botanikai Lapok X. ktet 38-64. lapjainmegjelent czikkben fel nem sorolt. A Szinyk hegysgbl, ahol Thaisz rnem botanizlt, azokat az adatokat nem sorolom fel, melyekrl Thaisz r aztmondja, hogy in parte superiore ubique megtallhatk.

Az tkutatott terletek:1. Munkcs krnyke. Ennek a flrjt tudtam legjobban tkutatni,

amennyiben, mint a munkcsi gymn. tanulja, tbb ven keresztl az vklnbz szakaiban volt alkalmam botanikai kirndulsokat vgezni.E terlet ritkasga az Utricularia vulgaris.

2. A Szinyk hegycsoport. A vulknikus eredet s trachit kzetbl llhegycsoport alig ri el a 800 m. magassgot. rdekessge a Radiola linoides,melyet a Szinyk patak mentn, mr kzel Ungmegyhez, gyjtttem.Valsznleg el fog mg kerlni a megye ms rszbl, st taln Ung-megybl is, csakhogy eddig kicsinysgnl fogva kikerlhette a botanikusokfigyelmt. Ritkasgok mg: Dianthus deltoides, Jasione montana s Typhashuttleworthii.

3. A sksgnak azon rsze, mely a Sztra patak, a Latorcza, a Szernye-patak s a Kerepecz patak kztt terl el. Alluvialis terlet, melyet sok helyen45 m. magassg agyag bort. A nagy terlet flrja rendkvl szegnynekmondhat, mert az igen termkeny fldnek minden talpalattnyi rszt mvelsal vettk, gy, hogy flrja rkokba, vasti tltsekre, mocsarakba s mg kinem irtott erdkbe hzdott. Ritkasgai: Heleocharis acicularis, Heleochariscarniolica, Portulaca oleracea, Salvinia natans s Urtica kioviensis.

4. Beregszsz krnyke.5. A Szernye mocsrnak a Verke s a Feketevz kz es rsze. Ritkasgok:

Elatine alsinastrum, Polycnemum arvense.A sk terlet ama rsze, mely a Tisza, a Szernye-csatorna, a Budapest-

Lavocnei vonatrsz, Kislnya s Mezkszony kzt terl el. Ritkasg: Cicutavirosa.

7. A megye felvidki rsze, kivve a Borlgyilt.Czikkemben a megyre nzve sszesen 408 j adatot sorolok fl. Adataim

a kvetkezk:Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bern. A Vznicze vlgyben, Szarvasrt krl.

___________________________________________32 Magyar Botanikai Lapok. 1911. 10, 11-12.

Old. 388-413.

48 49

Nephrodium filix mas (L.) Rich. Szarvasrten rnykos erdkben.Polystichum Braunii (Spenn.) Braun. Szidorfalva fltt, a Szinyk

hegysgben.P. lonchitis (L.) Roth. Ugyanott.Asplenium trichomanes L. Szarvasrten, a Szinyk hegycsoportban.A. ruta muraria L. A Vrhegy sziklin, Vrpalnka mellett.Athyrium filix femina (L.) Roth. A bejrt terlet erdeiben mindentt.Polypodium vulgare L. A vrosi erdben, Munkcs mellett; a Szinyk

hegycsoportban, Frigyesfalva s Szarvasrt krl.Salvinia natans (L.) All. Csongor mellett, az jdvidhziak legeljn

s a Feketevzben, Gt mellett; a Kaszonyi csatornban; Bty s Barkaszkztt a vasti rokban.

Equisetum arvense L. A sk terleten mindentt.E. hiemale L. Szarvasrt mellett gyren; a Vicsa patak mentn, Znyka

krl; a Lomovnya vlgyben, Szarvasrt, mellett.E. limosum L. Ivnyi s Klacsny kzt, a patak mentn.E. palustre L. Klastromaljn, Munkcs mellett.Lycopodium selago L. A Szinyk hegycsoportban Szarvasrt s Ilgcz

krnykn.L. clavatum L. A Szinyk hegycsoportban.Typha latifolia L. A sk terlet ll vzeiben mindentt.T. angustifolia L. A Kerepecz csatornban, Vrpalnka mellett; a vasti

rokban, Barkasz s Bty kztt.T. shuttleworthii Koch et Sond. A Szinyk hegysgben, a Cserna patak

fels folysnl seregesen.Sparganium ramosum Huds. jdvidhzn, Csongoron, Bereg-Ardon,

Barkasz s Bty kztt: a Szernyemocsr vzeiben; Ivnyi s Klcsnykrl.

S. simplex L. Igncz s Dubrka krl.Potamogeton crispus L. A Kerepecz csatornban, Vrpalnka mellet;

a Czihornyn, Vralja mellett; Beregszszon a Vrkben s a Feketevzben.P. lucens L. A Kaszonyi csatornban, Haranglb mellett.P. perfoliatus L. Ugyanott.P. natans L. Vralja mellett, a Czihornyban.P. pusillus L. Ugyanott s jdvidhza krl, ll vzekben.

Alisma plantago L. Munkcs, Vrpalnka, Vrkulcsa krnykn.Az Alfld terletn, ll vzekben mindentt.

Sagittaria sagittaefolia L. A Kerepecz-csatornban, Munkcs sVrpalnka kztt; Ivnyi s Klacsny kztt; a Kaszonyi csatornban.

Butomus umbellatus L. A sk terleten, Csongor mellett; a Feketevzben;Bty krl, a vasti rokban; Som krnykn.

Hydrocharis morsus ranae. A sk terleten, Csongoron, az jdvidhziaklegeljn s Beregszsz s Bty kzt, a vasti rokban.

Stratiotes aloides L. Bty s Barkasz kztt, a vasti rokban.Panicum crus galli L. A sk terleten tbb helyen, gy jdvidhzn,

Vrpalnkn, Vrkulcsn.P. oryzoides Ard. jdvidhza s Rkos mellett, a kukoriczsban; Bty

mellett.Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. A sk terleten kznsges.Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. A sk terleten, a Latorcza kt partjn

kznsges.S. verticillata (L.) Beauv. Csak Vrpalnka krnykn gyren.Oryza clandestina A. Br. A Kerepecz-csatornban a Nagyhegy alatt,

Munkcs mellett; Klacsny krl, a Kaszonyi csatornban Haranglbmellett.

Baldingera arundinacea (L.) G. M. Sch. KIcsn krl s a Lovcskn,Munkcs mellett.

Phleum nodosum L. A sk terleten, jdvidhza mellett.Alopecurus geniculatus L. jdvidhzn, Psahzn, Csongoron s

Nagybereg krnykn.Alopecurus pratensis L. A sk terleten kznsges.Agrostis vulgaris L. A Szinyk hegycsoport rtjein.Agrostis alba L. gy a sk, mint a Szinyk hegycsoport terletn

kznsges.Calamagrostis lanceolata Roth. A Lovcskn, Munkcs mellett.Holcus lanatus L. Vrpalnkn a Vrhegyen; a Lovcskn, a Plhegyen

s Vereshegyen, Munkcs mellett; a Sajgban; a Szinyk hegysgben.Phragmites communis Trin. Vrpalnkn.Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) M. et K. A sk terleten, jdvidhza s

Csongor mellett.

50 51

Molinia coerulea (L.) Mnch. A Munkcsot krnyez szlhegyek alattinedves rteken.

Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauv. jdvidhza krl, a kukoriczsban; aVicsavlgyben, a Vcsi-telep mellett.

E. minor Host. A Latorcza partjn, jdvidhza mellett.Sieglingia decumbens (L.) Bernh. A Szinyk hegycsoport rtjein

szrvnyosan.Melica nutans L. Ugyanott.M. ciliata L. A Lovcskn, Munkcs mellett, a Nagyhegyen, Beregszsz

mellett.Briza media L. A sk terleten kznsges.Cynosurus cristatus L. A Szinyk-hegycsoportban; a sk terleten, a

Sajgban.Poa annua L. A sk terleten kznsges.P. compressa L. A sk terleten, jdvidhza s Csongor krl.P. nemoralis L. A Sajgban, Psahza mellett.P. pratensis L. A sk terleten, jdvidhza s Vrpalnka krl.P. trivialis L. A sk terleten kznsges.Glyceria fluitans (L.) R. Br. A sk terlet vzenys helyein mindentt.G. aquatica (L.) Wahlb. jdvidhzn.Festuca rubra L. Szarvasrten, a Szinyk-hegycsoportban.F. pratensis Huds. Csongoron az erdkben.F. gigantea (L.) Vill. Csongor mellett, az jdvidhzai legeln.Bromus inermis Leyss. A Latorcza-csatorna mentn, jdvidhza s

Nagylucska kztt.B. sterilis L. A sk terleten kznsges.B. mollis L. jdvidhza s Csongor krl.B. tectorum L. Vrpalnka s jdvidhza krl.Lolium perenne L. A skon kznsges.L. temulentum L. jdvidhzn, vetsek kzt.Agropyron caninum Schreb. Munkcs s jdvidhzn, a Latorcza

partjn.A. repens L. A Pikujon; jdvidhza krnykn.Hordeum murinum L. Klastromaljn, Munkcs mellett; a Vrhegyen,

Vrpalnkn seregesen.Cyperus fuscus L. Vrpalnkn, az Akasztfld rtjn.

Cyperus flavescens L. A Szinyk-hegysgben, Szidorfalva s Dunk-falva krl.

Scirpus compressus Pers. A Szinyk-hegycsoportban, Felsvznicze sSzarvasrt kzti rszen.

S. lacustris L. jdvidhza, Vrkulcsa krnykn.S. silvaticus L. jdvidhza, Vrpalnka, Igncze krl s ms helyeken

is.S. tabernaemontani Gmel. A Feketevzben Gt mellett; a Kaszonyi

csatornban; Bty s Barkasz krl.Heleocharis ovata (Roth.) R. Br. A Szinyk-vlgyben; rkokban

Vrkulcsa s Barkasz kztt.H. carniolica Koch. `rokban Mezterebes mellett nhny tvel.H. acicularis (L.) R. Br. Dubrka krl s Csongoron, az jdvidhzai

legel melletti csatornban.H. palustris (L.) R. Br. A sk terlet mocsaras helyein mindentt.Carex acuta L. Vrpalnkn, a Kerepecz-csatornban.Carex acutiformis Ehrh. A Sajgban, Psahza mellett.C. brizoides L. Mezterebes s Csongor kzti erdkben; a Szinyk-

hegysgben.C. Davalliana Sm. A Szinyk-hegycsoportban, Szarvasrt s

Felsvznicze kzti rteken.C. digitata L. Szarvasrten, a Szinyk-hegycsoportban; Ilgczon.C. echinata Murr. Ugyanott.C. flava L. Alsvzniczn, Felsvzniczn s Szarvasrten, a Szinyk-

hegysgben.C. hirta L. Vrpalnkn, a Kerepecz-csatornban; Szarvasrten.C. paniculata L. Szarvasrten, a Szinyk-hegycsoportban.C. remota L. Ilgcz s Szarvasrt kzti erdkben, a Szinyk-hegysgben.C. pseudocyperus L. A sk terleten, Bty s Barkasz kzt a vasti

rokban.C. riparia Curt. Vrpalnkn, a Kerepecz-csatornban.C. silvatica Huds. Szarvasrten.C. vesicaria L. Vrpalnkn, a Kerepecz-csatornban; a Cserna patak

mentn, Szarvasrt mellett.C. vulpina L. A sk terlet mocsaras helyein.C. vulgaris Fr. A sk terleten Szentmikls krl.

52 53

Lemna minor L. `ll vzekben, Vrpalnka s jdvidhza krl.L. trisulca L. A Feketevzben Gt s Nagybereg kztt; jdvidhza

mellett ll vzekben.Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid. A Feketevzben, Gt mellett. A sk

terlet ll vzeiben gyakori.Juncus bufonius L. A Kis-Pinye-patak mentn, a Rozgyiln; a Szinyk-

hegysgben.J. conglomeratus L. Ilgczon s Szidorfalvn, a Szinyk-hegysgben.J. effusus L. A sk terleten, jdvidhza mellett.J. glaucus Ehrh. Vrpalnkn.J. lampocarpus Ehrh. Vrpalnkn, a Kerepecz-csatornban.Luzula campestris (L.) DC. A sk terleten mindentt.L. nemorosa var. cuprina Roch. Szarvasrten, a Szinyk-hegysgben.L. maxima DC. Ugyanott.L. pilosa (L.) Willd. A Szinyk-hegycsoport rnykos erdeiben.Veratrum album L. A Sajgban, Vrkulcsa mellett.V. Lobelianum Bernh. Szarvasrten, a Szinyk-hegysgben.Colchicum autumnale L. A sk terleten mindentt.Anthericum ramosum L. Munkcs mellett, a Lovcskn s Plhegyen,

Beregszsz mellett, a Nagyhegyen.Gagea arvensis (Pers.) R. et Sch. Munkcs mellett, a honvd-

lvldben.Gagea pratensis (Pers.) Reichb. Ugyanott.G. lutea (L.) Kern. Vrpalnkn kertekben.Allium montanum Schm. Munkcs mellett, a Plhegyen.A. scorodoprasum L. A sk terleten s a prknyz dombokon

szrvnyosan mindentt.A. ursinum L. A Pikuj havason.Lilium martagon L. A sk terleten, a Sajgban, Psahza mellett.Fritillaria meleagris L. A Szernyemocsrban.Scilla bifolia L. Oroszvg s Frigyesfalva kzti erdben (lusus albus

ugyanott)Ornithogalum umbellatum L. Munkcs s Vrpalnka krl, rkokban.Muscari comosum (L.) Mill. A Lovcska alatt elterl vetsek kztt,

Munkcs mellett.Majanthemum bifolium (L.) DC. Erdkben, a Szinyk-hegycsoportban.

Polygonatum officinale All. Munkcs krli dombokon.P. verticillatum (L.) All. A Szinyk-hegysgben Szarvasrten.Convallaria majalis L. A Csernekhegyen s Lovcskn, Munkcs

mellett.Paris quadrifolia L. A Lovcskn, Munkcs mellett; a sk terleten

csak Psahza s Vrkulcsa kzti erdben.Leucojum vernum L. Frigyesfalvn a malomnl seregesen terem.L. aestivum L. Vraljn rkokban s nedves rteken szrvnyosan.Galanthus nivalis L. Klastromaljn, Munkcs mellett.Crocus Heuffelianus Herbert. Munkcs mellett, a honvdlvldben

s a Sajgban, Psahza mellett.C. albiflorus Kit. Munkcs mellett, a honvdlvldben szlanknt.Gladiolus imbricatus L. Felsvznicze s Szarvasrt kzti rteken, a

Szinyk patak mentn.Iris pseudacorus L. A Kerepecz-csatornban, Munkcs s Vrpalnka

kztt; Klacsny s Vrkulcsa krl.Orchis latifolia L. A Lovcskn Munkcs mellett.O. palustris Jacq. A Lovcska alatti rteken; Psahza mellett, a Sajg

szln.O. maculata L. Nedves rteken, a Szinyk-hegysgben.O. militaris L. A Lovcskn.O. morio L. A Vereshegyen, Munkcs mellett.O. sambucina L. A Csernekhegyen, Munkcs mellett.Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rich. A Sajgban, Psahza mellett.Cephalanthera longifolia (L.) Fritsch. A Lovcskn Munkcs mellett.Epipactis latifolia (L.) All. Csongor s Mezterebes kzti erdkben.E. palustris (L.) Cr. Szarvasrten, a Szinyk-hegysgben.E. rubiginosa Gaud. Beregsziklson.Neottia nidus avis (L.) Rich. `rnykos erdkben, a Csernekhegyen s

a Sajgban.Populus alba L. Munkcs s jdvidhza kzt, a Latorcza partjn.P. tremula L. A sksg erdeiben szlanknt.P. pyramidalis (Roz.) Spach. A sksgon, utak mentn s kertekben.Salix alba L. A sk terlet vzei mellett mindentt.S. caprea L. A sksg erdeiben.S. cinerea L. Kznsges.

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S. fragilis L. Vrpalnka krl.S. viminalis L. jdvidhza s Vrpalnka kzt a Latorcza partjn.S. acuminata Smith. jdvidhzn.S. triandra L. A Latorcza partjn szrvnyosan, jdvidhza krl.Coryllus avellana L. A sksg erdeiben kznsges.Betula alba L. Az erdkben szrvnyosan.Alnus glutinosa (L.) DC. Csongor mellett erdket alkot.Castanea sativa Mill. Munkcson, a Plhegyen; Beregszsz mellett, a

Nagyhegy erds rszn tbb pldny ltszlag vadon n.Ulmus campestris L. A sk terleten szrvnyosan.Humulus lupulus L. A sk terleten mindentt.Urtica urens L. jdvidhzn, Vrpalnkn kertekben bven.U. kioviensis Rogow. A Sajgban nedves, mocsaras helyeken Vrkulcsa

mellett. Msodik hazai termhelye.Viscum album L. A Lovcskn gymlcsfkon; a sk terleten tlgyeken

lskdik.Aristolochia clematitis L. jdvidhza krl vetsekben, rteken

seregesen.Rumex acetosa L. A sk terleten mindentt.R. acetosella L. Vrpalnkn a legeln; jdvidhzn a Latorcza

partjn.R. conglomeratus Murr. Vrpalnkn.R. crispus L. Ugyanott.R. obtusifolius L. A Plhegyen Munkcs mellett.R. sanguineus L. A Sajgban, Psahza mellett.Polygonum aviculare L. A sk terleten utak szln, legelkn mindentt

kznsges.P. amphibium L. var. terrestre. A Latorcza-csatorna mentn,

jdvidhza s N.-Lucska kztt, vetsekben.P. convolvulus L. A sk terleten, vetsek kztt kellemetlen gyom.

A Felvidken csak Alsvereczkn gyjtttem.P. hydropiper L. jdvidhzn kertekben.P. lapathifolium L. A sk terleten mindentt kznsges.P. persicaria L. jdvidhza s Vrpalnka kertjeiben.P. mite Schrk. Vrpalnkn, Mezterebesen s a sk terlet ms helyein is.

Polycnemum arvense L. Beregszsz s Beregard kzt, a vast mentn;tarlkon Beregrkos mellett.

Chenopodium bonus Henricus L. A sk terleten mindentt falvak krl.Ch. album L. A sk terleten kznsges.Ch. hybridum L. A sk terleten, Vrpalnkn, jdvidhzn s Gt

krl.Ch. polyspermum L. jdvidhza s Vrpalnka krl, vetsek kzt

kznsges.Ch. urbicum L. A sk terleten, a Latorcza krli falvak krl.Amaranthus retroflexus L. jdvidhza s Vrpalnka kertjeiben

kznsges.Salsola kali L. Btyn a vasti llomson. Valsznleg a vonattal

hurczoltk be s most a homokos plyaudvaron vegetl.Portulaca oleracea L. jdvidhza krl, a kukoriczsban; Munkcs

s Vrkulcsa kztt a vasti tltsen; Bty s Barkasz krl.Agrostemma githago L. A sk terleten vetsek kzt.Viscaria viscosa (Gilib.) Aschers. A Lovcskn, Munkcs mellett;

a Vrhegyen, Vrpalnka mellett s tbb helyen a Szinyk-hegysgben.Silene gallica L. Szarvasrten, a Szinyk-hegysgben.S. inflata Sm. A Szinyk-hegysgben tbb helyen; (lusus roseus)

jdvidhza s Vrpalnka kztt.S. italica (L.) Pers. ssp. nemoralis (W. K.) Williams. Lovcskn

Munkcs mellett.Melandryum album (Mill.) Garcke. A bejrt terleten kznsges.M. rubrum (Wgl.) Garcke. A Lovcskn, Csernekhegyen, Munkcs

mellett; Szarvasrten, a Szinyk-hegysgben.Cucubalus baccifer L. jdvidhzn, Csongoron, Frigyesfalvn,

Alsvzniczn s Szarvasrten.Gypsophila muralis L. A sk terleten kznsges.Dianthus armeria L. A sk terleten kznsges.D. compactus Kit. fl. alb. A Temnatik-havas rtjein.D. saxigenus Schur. A Szinyk-hegysgben mindentt kznsges.D. deltoides L. Frigyesfalva mellett.Saponaria officinalis L. A Latorcza mentn, a sk terleten mindentt.Stellaria holostea L. A Vrhegyen, Vrpalnka mellett; a Sajgban,

Psahza mellett; Csongor krl.

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S. media L. A bejrt terleten kznsges.S. nemorum L. Szintn.S. graminea L. Szintn.S. uliginosa Murr. A Csernapatak mentn, a Szinykhegysgben.Cerastium vulgatum L. Kznsges a sk terleten.C. arvense L. Munkcs krl.Sagina nodosa (L.) Fenzl. A Tichi-patak tzeges rtjein, Szarvasrt

mellett.S. procumbens L. Vrpalnka, Vrkulcsa s jdvidhza legelin.Malachium aquaticum (L.) Fr. A sk terleten Mezterebes s Rkos

krnykn.Arenaria serpyllifolia L. A sk terleten kznsges.Moehringia trinerva (L.) Clairv. A Szinyk-hegysgben mindentt.M. muscosa L. A Pikuj-havason.Spergula arvensis maxima Bnngh. Szarvasrten s Szidorfalvn; a

Szinyk-hegycsoportban; a sk terleten, dvidhza s Ivnyi kztt akukoriczsban.

Spergularia rubra (L.) Dum. A sk terleten Vrpalnka, Vralja,jdvidhza s Csongor legelin.

Scleranthus annuus L. A sk terlet legelin gyakori.Nuphar luteum (L.) Sm. jdvidhza s Klacsny krl ll vzekben.Ceratophyllum submersum L. jdvidhzn, a Latorczban;

Vrpalnkn, a Kerepecz-patakban; a Fekete vzben, Gt krl.Caltha palustris L. A bejrt terleten kznsges.Helleborus purpurascens W. et K. ssp. Baumgartenii Kov. A Szinyk-

hegysgben, Frigyesfalva krl.Actaea spicata L. Szarvasrten, a Szinyk-hegysgben.Nigella arvensis L. Mezterebes s Bty krl.Isopyrum thalictroides L. Klastromaljn, Munkcs mellett.Aquilegia vulgaris L. A Vrhegyen, Vrpalnka mellett.A.vulgaris L. (lusus albus). Ugyanott.Delphinium consolida L. A sk terleten vetsek kzt.Aconitum rigidum Reich. A Pikujhavason.A. skerisorae Gay. A Pikujhavason s Szarvasrten a Szinykhegysgben.A. moldavicum Hacqu. A sk terleten, a Sajgban, Psahza mellett.

Anemone nemorosa L. A Klastromaljn s a honvdlvldben,Munkcs mellett.

A. ranunculoides L. A Szinykhegysgben, Frigyesfalva krl.Clematis recta L. jdvidhza s Munkcs kztt, a Latorcza partjn;

a Lovcskn, Munkcs mellett.C. vitalba L. A Vrhegyen, Vrpalnka mellett.Ranunculus acer L. A bejrt terleten mindentt.R. aquatilis L. A Czihornyn, Vralja mellett.R. arvensis L. Vrpalnka s Munkcs kzti mezkn.R. aureus Schleich. Klacsny mellett, az erdben.R. auricomus L. A Sajgban, Psahza mellett.R. bulbosus L. A Latorcza partjn, jdvidhza s Vrpalnka kztt.R. ficaria L. A sk terleten csak Vrpalnkn szedtem.R. flammula L. A sk terleten kznsges.R. lingua L. Barkasz s Bty kzt a vasti rokban.R. polyanthemus L. A Szinyk-hegysgben szrvnyosan.R. repens L. A sk terleten kznsges.R. sardous Cr. var. mediterraneus Griseb. A sk terleten Munkcstl

dlre egszen Mezterebesig.Thalictrum aquilegifolium L. A Pikujhavason s a vereczkei szorosban.Th. lucidum L. Cserjsekben, rteken, rkok szln a sk terleten

jdvidhza, Rkos s Nagy-Lucska krl; Dunkfalvn.Th. galioides Nestl. A legelk szlein Bty mellett.Berberis vulgaris L. Ilgczon a Szinykhegysgben.Papaver rhoeas L. A Vrhegyen, Vrpalnka mellett. A sk terleten

vetsek kzt.Chelidonium majus L. A sk terleten, falvak krl.Corydalis cava Sch. et K. Vrpalnkn, a Vrhegy alatti kertekben.C. solida (L.) Sm. A Klastromaljn, Munkcs mellett.Fumaria rostellata Knaf. Beregszsz mellett, a Nagyhegyen igen gyren.Lepidium campestre (L.) R. Br. A sk terleten, Vrpalnka s

jdvidhza krl.L. draba L. Bty s Munkcs kzt a vast mentn; Vrpalnkn a

kertekben kellemetlen gyom.L. perfoliatum L. Volczon, a vasti llomson.L. ruderale L Vrpalnka s jdvidhza krl, kertekben s mezkn.

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Thlaspi arvense L. A sk terleten. jdvidhza s Vrpalnka krl.Alliaria officinalis Andr. Ugyanott.Sisymbrium Sophia L. jdvidhzn kertekben.S. officinale Scop. Ugyanott a Latorcza partjn.Sinapis arvensis L. A bejrt terleten mindentt bven.S. orientalis Murr. jdvidhzn, vetsek kztt gyren.Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. jdvidhzn a Latorcza partjn;

Vrpalnkn a Vrhegyen; Szarvasrten a Szinyk-hegysgben.Raphanus raphanistrum L. Vrpalnkn, Szarvasrten vetsek kzt.Barbarea arcuata (Opiz) Reichb. A sk terleten, jdvidhza

krnykn a kukoriczsokban.B. vulgaris R. Br. A sk terleten kznsges.Nasturtium officinale R. Br. Munkcs mellett, a Latorcza partjn.N. armoracia (L.) F. Schultz. Nagy-Lucska, jdvidhza hiresek a

tormirl.N. silvestre (L.) R. Br. A sk terleten mindentt.N. austriacum Cr. jdvidhza, a Latorcza partjn.Cardamine silvatica L. Szarvasrten s a Pikujhavason.C. pratensis L. A bejrt terleten mindentt.Dentaria bulbifera L. Munkcs krl, erdkben.Capsella bursa pastoris (L.) Mnch. A terleten mindentt.Draba verna L. Munkcs krl.Neslia paniculata (L.) Desv. Munkcs s Vrpalnka krl,

a vetsekben.Arabis arenosa (L.) Scop. Munkcs krl.A. glabra (L.) Weinm. A Vereshegyen, Munkcs mellett; Ilgczon,

a vgsokban.Erysimum cheiranthoides L. A sk terleten, a Latorcza krli

kukoriczsokban.E. pannonicum Cr. Vrpalnka krl.Bunias orientalis L. A sk terleten, Vrpalnka krl.Alyssum calycinum L. Szarvasrten.A. desertorum Stapf. Vrpalnkn, a Vrhegyen.Reseda lutea L. jdvidhza s Munkcs krl.Drosera rotundifolia L. A Cserna- s Tichi-patak tzeges helyein,

a Szinyk-hegysgben.

Sedum acre L. Vrpalnkn s Beregszsz krl.S. boloniense Lois. Ilgczon, a vgsokban.S. maximum L. Vrpalnka mellett, a Vrhegyen; a Csernekhegyen,

Munkcs mellett; a Nagyhegyen, Beregszsz mellett.S. carpaticum Reuss. A Temnatik havasnak Znykafrd fel es rszn.S. glaucum W. et K. f. glanduloso-pubescens Feight. A Vereczkei szoros

sziklin, a Latorcza foly mentn.Sempervivum tectorum L. Hzak tetejn, Vrpalnkn s Vraljn.Saxifraga bulbifera L. A Szarkahegyen, Hegyralja mellett.Ribes grossularia L. Szarvasrten, a Szinyk-hegycsoportban.Aruncus silvester Kostel. Ugyanott.Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. Ugyanott.F. hexapetala Gilib. A sk terleten, Vrpalnka s jdvidhza

krnykn.Pirus communis L. A bejrt terleten sztszrva.P. malus L. Szintn.Sorbus aucuparia L. Szarvasrten.S. aria (L.) Cr. Beregszsz, Munkcs krnykn.Rubus bifrons Vest. A Lovcskn, Munkcs mellett; a legelkn Ivnyi

mellett.R. glandulosus Bell. Vrpalnkn, a Vrhegyen.R. caesius L. Ugyanott.R. idaeus L. Vgsokban, a Szinykhegysgben.Fragaria vesca L. A bejrt terleten kznsges.Potentilla alba L. A Csernekhegyen s Plhegyen, Munkcs mellett.P. anserina L. A sk terleten is mindentt.P. argentea L. A sk terleten, jdvidhza krl rteken.P. aurea L. A Pikuj havason.P. recta L. Klacsny s Ivnyi fltti szlhegyeken; jdvidhza krl

rteken.P. reptans L. Vrpalnka krl.P. silvestris Neck. A Szinykhegysgben s a skon is mindentt.Geum urbanum L. A sksgon kznsges.Agrimonia eupatoria L. A sksgon rteken, rkokban mindentt.Aremonia agrimonoides (L.) Neck. Mezterebes s Csongor kzt az

erdben. A Sajgban, Psahza s Vrkulcsa mellett seregesen.

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Sanguisorba minor Scop. Munkcs s Vrkulcsa kztt, a vastitltsen.

S. officinalis L. A sk terlet rtjein kznsges.Prunus spinosa L. A sk terleten kznsges.Rosa canina L. f. nitens Desv. Csongor mellett, az jdvidhzaiak

legeljn.R. canina L. f. aciphylla Lind. jdvidhzn a legeln.R. coriifolia Fr. Csongor mellett, az jdvidhzaiak legeljn.R. dumetorum Th. f. platyphyllos Desv. A Plhegyen, Munkcs mellett.R. gallica L. Ivnyi fltt a szlhegyeken; a Nagyhegyen Munkcs

mellett.R. squarrosa Ran. jdvidhzn a legeln.Genista germanica L. Munkcs krli szlhegyeken, Felsvizniczn,

Ilgczon, a Szinykhegysgben, Beregszsz mellett, a Nagyhegyen.G. tinctoria L. A bejrt terleten mindentt.G. pilosa L. Munkcs s Hegyralja krli dombokon.Cytisus serotinus Kit. Loh fltt a szlhegyeken; a Lovcskn,

Csernekhegyen s Plhegyen Munkcs mellett; a Nagyhegyen, Beregszszmellett.

C. nigricans L. A Szinykhegysgben.Sarothamnus scoparius (L.) Wimm. A Lovcskn, Munkcs mellett;

Dunkfalvn.Ononis hircina Jacqu. A sk terleten kznsges.O. hircina Jacqu. (lusus albus). jdvidhzn.O. spinosa L. Munkcs krl, a kaszlkon, de jval gyrebben az

elbbinl.Anthyllis vulneraria L. A sk terleten.Trifolium agrarium L. jdvidhza krl.T. alpestre L. Szarvasrten, a Szinykhegy csoportban.T. arvense L. A sk terleten, vetsek kzt.T. aureum Poll. A sk terleten mindentt.T. fragiferum L. Felsvzniczn, Szarvasrten, a Szinykhegysgben, a

sk terleten; jdvidhzn; Mezterebesen s Csongoron.T. hybridum L. A sk terleten szrvnyosan.T. medium L. jdvidhzn; Klacsn krl; a Lovcskn Munkcs

mellett.

T. minus Sm. A Szinyk-hegysgben, Felsvznicze krl; a skterleten: Vrpalnka, Bty, Som, Haranglb s Kislnya krnykn.

T. ochroleucum L. Ugyanott s a Szarvasrten a Szinykhegysgben.T. rubens L. A Lovcskn, Csernekhegyen s Plhegyen, Munkcs

mellett.Medicago falcata L. A bejrt terleten mindentt.M. sativa L. Szintn.M. varia Med. (falcata x sativa). jdvidhzn, a Latorcza partjn.M. lupulina L. Kznsges a bejrt terleten.M. Willdenowii Bnngh. jdvidhzn, a temetben s a Latorcza

partjn.Dorycnium herbaceum Vill. jdvidhzn, a s