the scientific revolution. medieval view of the world earth was an unmoving object moon, sun,...
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The Scientific Revolution began when… the geocentric model (earth-centered theory) was questioned by leading astronomers. Hmmmm….I don’t think that theory is correct!TRANSCRIPT
Medieval View of the World • Earth was an unmoving
object
•Moon, sun, planets all revolved in perfect circles around the earth
• geocentric theory (Aristotle and Ptolemy ‘confirmed’ this)
• Christianity taught that God deliberately placed earth at the center and that God/heaven was in a specific place in the universe God/Heaven
The Scientific Revolution began when… the geocentric model (earth-centered theory) was questioned by leading astronomers.
Hmmmm….I don’t think that theory
is correct!
So why did people start to question things?
•Renaissance -- Rejection/questioning of traditional ideas and ‘rebirth’ and re-learning of ancient texts (Greek and Roman)
•Age of Exploration -- they had a better understanding of the world
So what was the Scientific Revolution?
• It was a new way of thinking about the natural world• It was based on careful observation• It spurred a willingness to question accepted beliefs• It was shunned by the Catholic Church
Nicolaus Copernicus•Polish astronomer•Disputed the validity of the geocentric theory and
supported the heliocentric theory•Feared ridicule and persecution for contradicting religious
views•Published findings right before he died -- On the
Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies
I’m right and you’re wrong!!!!!!
Heliocentric model (sun-centered theory)
So why do you think the heliocentric theory upset the Church so much?
Johannes Kepler•Concluded that certain mathematical laws
govern planetary motion•Discoverd elliptical orbits of planets• Laws showed that Copernicus ideas were
mathematically correct
By gosh --
Copernicus was
99% right!
Galileo Galilei
•Falling objects fall at a fixed and predictable rate (tested at the Leaning Tower of Pisa)• Improved the telescope to study the
skies -- discovered 4 moons of Jupiter•Supported Copernicus in Starry
Messenger•Found guilty of going against the
teachings of the church (heresy) - Placed on house arrest until his death•His books and ideas spread throughout
Europe
Isaac Isaac NewtonNewton• Wrote Wrote Mathematical Mathematical principles of Natural principles of Natural Philosophy Philosophy (aka (aka the Principia)the Principia)
• Explained the 3 laws of Explained the 3 laws of motion that govern the motion that govern the universeuniverse
• Universal law of gravitation -- Universal law of gravitation -- all objects in the universe all objects in the universe attract all other objectsattract all other objects
• Discovered gravity as a forceDiscovered gravity as a force
Galen
•Greek doctor whose ideas dominated medicine
•Was wrong in many instances – relied on information about animals and tried to apply them to humans
I did the best that I could with the
information that I had -- don’t hate on me!!
Andreas Vesalius• Dissected humans to accurately
describe human anatomy
William Harvey• Showed the heart acted as a pump
to circulate blood throughout the body
Blaise Pascal•Pascal’s Law – how liquids behaved under pressure•Developed syringe and hydraulic press
Robert Boyle•One of the 1st scientists to conduct experiments in chemistry•Boyle’s Law – gas, pressure, blah, blah ;-)
Antoine Lavoisier• Invented system of naming elements• ‘founder’ of modern chemistry
Women in the Scientific Revolution
Margaret Cavendish •philosopher•Observations Upon Experimental Philosophy: book that criticized the growing belief that human were now masters of nature because of science
Maria Winkelmann•Accomplished astronomer•Discovered a comet
**Both women’s work was not completely accepted because they were women
Rene Descartes
•Developed analytical geometry (algebra + geometry)•Relied on mathematics and logic•Everything should be doubted until proven by reason
Francis Bacon
•Urged scientists to experiment and to use inductive reasoning
•Helped to develop the experimental (scientific method)