the scientific revolution
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The Scientific Revolution. Ptolemaic System: Almagest – geocentric universe (earth-centered) Copernicus: On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres – heliocentric universe (sun centered) This theory was published in 1543 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Ptolemaic System: Almagest – geocentric Ptolemaic System: Almagest – geocentric universe (earth-centered) universe (earth-centered)
Copernicus: On the Revolutions of the Copernicus: On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres – heliocentric universe Heavenly Spheres – heliocentric universe (sun centered)(sun centered)This theory was published in 1543 This theory was published in 1543 It was charged by Catholic and Protestant It was charged by Catholic and Protestant
alike as illogical, unbiblical, and un-Christianalike as illogical, unbiblical, and un-Christian
Galileo Galilei – 1564 – 1642 Galileo Galilei – 1564 – 1642 First to use the telescope for astronomical First to use the telescope for astronomical
observations observations 1632 – Published his Dialogue on Two Chief Systems 1632 – Published his Dialogue on Two Chief Systems
of the World – Galileo, although devout in his religious of the World – Galileo, although devout in his religious faith, contended that the Bible was not a reliable faith, contended that the Bible was not a reliable authority on scientific mattersauthority on scientific matters
Church was prepared to tolerate the heliocentric Church was prepared to tolerate the heliocentric theory as long as it was only a proposed hypothesistheory as long as it was only a proposed hypothesis
Galileo was forced to recant, but was believed to have Galileo was forced to recant, but was believed to have muttered, “And yet it does move.” muttered, “And yet it does move.”
Sir Isaac Newton 1642 – 1727 Sir Isaac Newton 1642 – 1727 Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University Invented differential calculus independently but at the Invented differential calculus independently but at the
same time as Leibniz same time as Leibniz Newton believed, as did other scientists of his day, Newton believed, as did other scientists of his day,
that the earth was governed by natural laws that the earth was governed by natural laws Research pointed to the idea of universal gravitation – Research pointed to the idea of universal gravitation –
outlined this theory in his Principia Mathematicaoutlined this theory in his Principia Mathematica
Hobbes vs. Locke – Hobbes vs. Locke – Hobbes – Leviathon (1651) Hobbes – Leviathon (1651) Human beings in their natural state are inclined to a Human beings in their natural state are inclined to a
“perpetual and restless desire” desire for power“perpetual and restless desire” desire for power People are self-centered creatures who lack a master People are self-centered creatures who lack a master They needed a political contract where every person, They needed a political contract where every person,
for the sake of peace and self-defense, set aside for the sake of peace and self-defense, set aside personal rights and freedoms, and the people would personal rights and freedoms, and the people would be ruled by some system of governance, and this be ruled by some system of governance, and this would be absolutewould be absolute
Locke – Second Treatise of Government (1690)Locke – Second Treatise of Government (1690) Tabula Rasa – at birth every human’s mind is a blank Tabula Rasa – at birth every human’s mind is a blank
page, and all knowledge comes from experiencepage, and all knowledge comes from experience Believed that people had created a government to Believed that people had created a government to
protect their natural rights to life, liberty, and propertyprotect their natural rights to life, liberty, and property The authority of the government is thus derived from The authority of the government is thus derived from
the consent of those governedthe consent of those governed When the government fails to protect the people’s When the government fails to protect the people’s
natural rights and instead, interferes with them by natural rights and instead, interferes with them by attempting to rule absolutely, the people have a right attempting to rule absolutely, the people have a right to rebelto rebel
Homework: Homework: CP – Read pages 382 – 387 in your textbooksCP – Read pages 382 – 387 in your textbooks
Please do the “Define” exercise on page 387 of Please do the “Define” exercise on page 387 of your textbook – this should be hand-written and your textbook – this should be hand-written and kept in your notebooks – Answer the define the kept in your notebooks – Answer the define the way you would a Do Nowway you would a Do Now
Please watch this video - Please watch this video - www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hodYUDDfsYwww.youtube.com/watch?v=9hodYUDDfsY
Then write a one-page summary of what you believe is a Then write a one-page summary of what you believe is a consequence of the Scientific Revolution.consequence of the Scientific Revolution.
Paper should be typed and double-spaced, 12 size font Paper should be typed and double-spaced, 12 size font and Times New Romanand Times New Roman