the science of the smallest and the largest

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The Science of the Smallest and the Largest Assoc. Prof. Dr. Altuğ Özpineci Physics Department, METU [email protected]

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Assoc. Prof. Dr. Altuğ Özpineci Physics Department, METU [email protected]. The Science of the Smallest and the Largest. Physics is not about formulas, it is about understanding nature. What is Physics. Searching for the Smallest. An ancient question: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: The Science of the  Smallest and the Largest

The Science of the Smallest and the Largest

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Altuğ ÖzpineciPhysics Department, METU

[email protected]

Page 2: The Science of the  Smallest and the Largest

What is Physics

Physics is not about formulas, it is about understanding nature

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Searching for the Smallest

An ancient question:

Given a magic knife and unlimited time, how long can you keep on dividing a material into two?

Atomists: there are indivisible blocks, called atoms (Leucippus, Democritus 5th Century BC)

Continuum theory: Aristotle 4th Century BC)

Page 4: The Science of the  Smallest and the Largest

Searching for the Smallest

A Modern Question:

What are the fundamental building blocks of matter?

Fundamental building block ~ “atom” in atomistic theory

Page 5: The Science of the  Smallest and the Largest

Searching for the Smallest

A Glossary:

Building blocks of matter ~ atom Particle accelerator ~ magic

knife(huge microscope)

High integrated luminosity ~ unlimited time

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Angels and Damonsby Dan Brown

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Anti-Matter

Anti matter has the same properties (like the mass) as ordinary matter but opposite charge

Anti-electron (positron) first predicted in 1928 by P.A.M. Dirac and discovered experimentally 4 years later.

Page 8: The Science of the  Smallest and the Largest

Electron-PositronAnnihilation into Quarks

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Quark-anti-Quark Annihilationinto Different Quarks

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What is force? F = Δp/Δt

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Fundamental Particles and Forces

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Why do particles have mass?What is mass?

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Energy Distribution of the Universe

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How Do We Know The Internal Structure of Matter?

In accelerator, particles collide at high energies The outcome is studied

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LHC-September 2008

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LHC-NOVEMBER 2009

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LHC RAP

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Fizikte Boyutlar

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Ankara Üniversitesi

Page 23: The Science of the  Smallest and the Largest

Uzaydan Türkiye

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Dünyanın Doğuşu 104 km

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Dünyanın İçi

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Kozmik Işınlar

Kozmik Mikrodalga Işıması

Ultra Yüksek Enerjili Kozmik Işınlar

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Güneş Sistemi 109 km

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Bir Yıldız: Güneşimiz 106 km

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Andromeda Galaksisi

106 ışık yılı uzaklıkta

105 ışık yılı genişlikte

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Karanlık Madde?

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Galaksi Kümeleri: 1010 LY

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Bilinen Evren: 1010 LY

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Galaksi Oluşum Modelleri

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Bütün Galaksiler Bizden Uzaklaşıyorlar-Karanlık Enerji

Page 35: The Science of the  Smallest and the Largest

Evrendeki Enerji Dağılımı

Page 36: The Science of the  Smallest and the Largest

Evrenin Tarihi

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Fizikte Boyutlar

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Grip Virüsü: 10-7 m

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Nanoteknoloji

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Atom 10-10m

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Atom Çekirdeği: 10-15m

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Proton ve Nötron'un İçinde:Kuarklar: <10-18m

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Temel Parçacıklar ve Kuvvetler

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Temel Kuvvetler/Etkileşimler F = dp/dt

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Kütlenin Sebebi Ne?

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Neden Yüksek Enerjiler

Maddenin daha küçük yapı taşlarını görebilmek için parçacıkları çarpıştırırız

Ne kadar yüksek enerjiye ulaşırsak, o kadar küçük parçacıkları görebiliriz

Ayrıca yüksek enerjilerde, ağır parçacıkları yaratabiliriz

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CERN'in Uzaydan Görüntüsü

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BHÇ'deki son durum

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BHÇ Dünya'nın Sonunu Getirecek mi?

“Teorik olarak, BHÇ'de pembe bir fil oluşma ihtimali sıfır değildir. Tehlikeli bir karadelik de pembe fil kategorisindedir.” Joe Lykken, Fermilab, USA

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Ultra Yüksek Enerjili Kozmik Işınlar

Atmosferimize, evrenden gelen ve enerjileri 10^8 TeV'e kadar çıkan parçacıklar çarpmaktadır

Bu parçacıklar milyarlarca yıldır güneşe ve güneş sistemindeki diğer gezegenlere çarpmaktadır

Bu çarpışmaların hiçbiri güneşi veya gezegenleri yok edecek bir karadelik oluşturmamıştır

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LHC RAP