The Roaring 1920’sThe Jazz Age

Political IssuesPolitical Issues

Part I

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The Jazz Age

Between 1920-21, there was a brief depression.

However, the golden twenties changed the outlook of the American people.

Large corporations grew and there was a rise of big business

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Radicals and Bombs

Americans Communists were linked with radicals , socialists and anarchists.

American-born and upper class like Russian art and literature They advocated freedom of expression They advocated birth control They promoted political freedom

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Radicals and Bombs

The Communist Party wanted to overthrow capitalism by mass strikes and education.

The Communist Labor Party wanted political action and rule the working class.

They bombed public buildings, political offices and homes

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The Red Scare

Attorney General Palmer led the raids against anyone who was communist.

249 people were sent back to Russia. Anti-Immigration Laws were established

against many people of Italian and Slavic descent

The red Scare

Attorney General Palmer

Protest March

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The Red Scare• The Johnson Act limit the amount of people

into the country from Eastern and southern Europe

The American Civil Liberties Union was created in 1920 to help with rights of minorities who’s rights were being violated.

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American Civil Liberties Union

They created this organization because of Red Scare and anti- immigration laws.

Attorney General Palmer led the raids on the potential Reds.

They protected civil liberties.

Sacco-Vanzetti Case

Fish peddler Bartolomeo Vanzetti & Nicola Sacco were convicted for robbery and murder of a paymaster and a guard.

Both were Italian Immigrants and active anarchists. They were sentenced to death.

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The Sacco-Vanzetti Trial Red Scare and Anti-

Immigration Laws affect the court case of The People of Massachusetts v. Sacco and Vanzetti

This case represented the intolerance in America

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Prohibition- (18th Amendment)

increase of corruption by bootleggers, gangsters and politicians

disrespect for the law Volstead Act- law that enforced the 18th

amendment. prohibition) People spent their time in speakeasies.

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Scopes Trial-The Monkey Trial

Religion vs. Science Use of Charles Darwin’s theories of evolution Origin of species, man evolved from apes Religious leaders stated that God created

man 1924, John T. Scopes, a science teacher

taught the theory of evolution Clarence Darrow, questioned William

Jennings Bryan.

THE SCOPES TRIAL

John T. Scopes

Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan, 1925

Economic IssuesEconomic Issues

Part II

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The Depression

After World War I, there was an economy downturn.

Returning soldiers couldn’t find work. People were buying too many goods on

credit Agriculture couldn’t compete with mass

production. Value of stock fell and profit and production

dropped

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The Depression

African-Americans coming from the South who were escaping the Jim Crow Laws couldn’t find work either.

Immigrants and left-leaning political activists were targeted and couldn’t get jobs.

Women couldn’t find work.

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Flaws in business boom

coal mines are failing agriculture couldn’t compete with mass

production of goods people were buying too many goods on credit Railroads were in competition with other

types of transportation get quick schemes like buying real estate and

stock on credit

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Creation of new products that affected how people lived

Electricity made life easier for women because of the creation of refrigerators and washing machines.

Radio began to broadcast in Nov. of 1920. People could afford the radio. Radio united the United States because

could hear the same news and sporting events

Creation of new products that affected how people lived

interchangeable parts made it easy for assembly lines

mass production of food and clothes in factories

powerful assembly lines

Creation of new products that affected how people lived

automobiles like the Model T (known as Tin Lizzie)by Henry Ford It allowed people to more mobile. It standardize how Americans lived Buses moved students to one location rather than being isolated

in the rural areas.

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The effects of prosperity

The new products brought great prosperity for the American people.

Great prosperity also brought great social tension. (The have and have nots)

Large companies swallowed small businesses.

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Class Assignment

Page 1: Create a Mosaic 1o words and ten illustration inside the main

drawing Page 3: Summary

Paragraph 1: explain the political issues of the 1920’s

Paragraph 2: explain the economic issues of the 1920’s

Social IssuesSocial Issues

Part III

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A SENSE OF REBELLION

IN SOCIETY

protest against conformity, culture and values Jazz was created as a form of rebellion of

music Harlem Renaissance -culture explosion by

the Blacks. Flappers- women expressing their freedom young people felt out of place- called the lost

generation

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Flappers-

With the approval of the 19th Amendment, women felt liberated.

They felt economically independent new political freedom women Women had fewer children because of family

planning More women were working outside the home Women were attending college.

FLAPPERS

THE 19TH AMENDMENT

Women were allowed to vote Women felt more

independent to exercise their political power

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Rising Influence of Discrimination

Racial discrimination against minorities was heighten after World War I

Many African-Americans were lynched. Japanese were barred from jobs Rise of the Klu Klux Klan, led by Hiram

Wesley Evans. In 1924, 40,000 Klansmen gathered in

Washington Dc Racial riots occurred throughout the country.

1924 March in DC

Marcus Garvey and Black Pride

Promoted black pride Formed United Negro Improvement Association Promoted separatism from the US. Blacks should take their money and move back

to Africa Convicted of fraud, pardon and sent back to

Jamaica

Civil Rights Leaders

Booker T. Washington promoted economic gains which led to social equality. He was the editor for The Crisis

W.E.B. Du Bois pushed for black political influence. He was one of the founders of NAACP.

Booker T. Washington

WEB Du Bois

EMMA GOLDMAN A noted feminist, writer and

union leader promoted radical policies defended freedom of

speech deported back to Russia

Emma Goldman

Cultural IssuesCultural Issues

Part IV

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HARLEM RENAISSANCE

decade of musical and literary achievement- Rose Mc Clendon- acted in Deep River and

formed the Negro’s People Theater. Claude Mc Kay wrote Home to Harlem Langston Hughes wrote Weary Blues Countee Cullen wrote Color Zora Neale Hurston wrote Their Eyes

Were Watching God

Rose Mc Clendon-

Claude Mc Kay

HARLEM RENSAISSANCE

Countee Cullen

Langston Hughes

Zora Neale Hurston

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THE LOST GENERATION

haunted by death and destruction of World War I. their stories were bleeked outlook of America. It was coined by Gertude Stein Ernest Hemingway wrote The Sun Also Rises

and Farewell to Arms. F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote the Great Gatsby Sinclair Lewis wrote Main Street and Babbit

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THE LOST GENERATION

Ernest HemingwayF. Scott Fitzgerald

Sinclair Lewis

Gertude Stein

THE ROLE OF MOVIES

Movies untied the American people It shaped popular behavior and values It stimulated consumption by showing the good life. First talking film was the Jazz Singer The lead actor was Al Jolson.

Al Jolson

Famous People of the 1920’s

Charles Lindberg traveled non-stop from New York to Paris rode in the Spirit of St. Louis first celebrity

Duke Ellington performed jazz Billie Holiday famous blues singer George Gershwin wrote Rhapsody Blues

Famous People of the 1920’s

George Gershwin

Billie Holiday

Charles Lindbergh

Duke Ellington

Diego Rivera’s Mural

FAMOUS People OF 1920’S

Paul Robeson one the first African-Americans to perform on Broadway.

Bessie Smith & Mamie Smith sang the blues Diego Rivera painted murals about workers and

their role in industry Edward Hooper painted New York scenes & the

loneliness people felt Jim Thorpe-all-round athletic who played football,

won medal in the Olympics, but lost them because he played professional baseball.

Famous People of the 1920’s

Mamie SmithDiego Rivera

Bessie Smith

Jim Thorpe

Paul RobesonEdward Hooper’s Painting

Presidential Presidential AdministrationsAdministrations

Part V

HARDING ADMINSTRATION-1921-1923

Return to normalcyfavored less governmentpro-business, high tariff,

lower taxespro-isolationism

Warren Harding

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SCANDAL AND CORRUPTION

Charles Forbes, Veterans Bureau, embezzled money

Harry Daugherty, Attorney General, took bribes

Teapot Dome- Albert Fall gave leases for oil reserves in Wyoming for low prices.

DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN ISSUES

Veteran’s Bureau helped the veterans get benefits

Washington Conference (1921) disarmament of ships. (Great Britain, US, Japan)- it reduced the number of weapons.

Warren Harding

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Coolidge Administration 1923-1929

Clean up the government Kellogg- Briand Pact - outlaw

war however, the law couldn’t be enforced.

Calvin Coolidge

HOOVER ADMINISTRATION1929-1933

Depression of 1929 changed the United States forever

thought the economy would recover naturally

prices fell and people lost their jobs Hoover rejected federal relief for the

unemployed opposed veterans of receiving W.W.I

bonusHerbert Hoover