The road to brown

Civil Rights Movement

Since reconstruction..• The process for equality was slow

moving.• Brown vs. Board of Education was

what sparked the Civil Rights Movement.o Montgomery Bus Boycotto Protests in the South

Important tools used for equality

• “Demonstrations and pressures of the Cold War compelled high government officials to abandon their early caution.”

• NAACP’s members across the south and D.C. This is seen on newly invented television.

• Organization was effective amongst activist groups.o Familieso Churcheso Voluntary associationso Political organizations o Women’s clubso Labor Unions o College Organizations

White Middle Class Life

• The goal was to move to the suburbs, and “keep up with the Jones”.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sBo_GHcLB0k

Jim didn’t die after WWII..

• Despite the strides made during WWII, Jim Crow was still waiting when our soldiers came home.

• Shelley v. Kramer made it to where no one could be denied the right to buy what ever house they wanted, but violence was still present.

Constance Baker Motley and Black Lawyers in the

South

• Read the section above on pages 549-551. • List two specific examples of when African

Americans were denied the right to an education in the US during the 1950s.

Brown and the start of a revolution…

• On Feb 27, 1942, NAACP attorney Leon A. Ransom was attacked by former deputy sheriff in the hall of the Davidson County Courthouse in Nashville, Tennessee. o “We are going to teach these northern Negroes not toto come down here raising fancy court questions.”

• It was no less difficult for black womanlawyers to venture into the south in searchof justice.

o To them Negro women were either mammies, maids, mistresses.

Roderick W. Elliot

• In the late 1940s, the black parents of Scotts Branch School in Clarendon County, South Carolina, approached Roderick W. Elliott, the chairman of the school board, with a modest request to allow their child to ride the bus instead of walk to school.o Elliot replied: “We ain’t got no money to buy a bus for young niger

children”3Elliot says no.

Briggs v.

Elliot

Brown v.

Board of Ed.

Civil Rights

Movement

Brown v. Board Distinct Effect

• “To separate them from others of similar age and qualifications solely because of their race generates a feeling of inferiority as to the status in the community that may affect their hearts and minds in a way unlikely ever to be undone….We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of “separate but equal” has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.”

--Chief Justice Earl Warren May 17, 1954

Brown II…

• A year after the Brown case the Supreme Court issued another order (Brown II)o The States should also follow the educational ruling that separate is not

equal in education.

That is outrageous!!

!!

Massive White Residence

• White supremacy in the South was shrinking.• Some believed Blacks were destined for their

position Biblically. • Some believed that the rulings being made by the

judges came from Moscow. • Blacks were soon fired from jobs, and were

refused credit and loans from banks.