the revolving door of mesopotamia
DESCRIPTION
The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia . Mesopotamia . Mesopotamia means: Mesopotamia means: “land between two rivers” Civilization developed between The Euphrates and Tigris Rivers By 3000 B.C. a number of civilizations established by the Sumerians. Map of Mesopotamia . Role of the Environment. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia
![Page 2: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Mesopotamia Mesopotamia means:
Mesopotamia means: “land between two rivers”
Civilization developed between The Euphrates and Tigris Rivers
By 3000 B.C. a number of civilizations established by the Sumerians
![Page 3: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Map of Mesopotamia
![Page 4: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Role of the EnvironmentRivers provided the basics for
exsistance• Water• Food • Sanitation
![Page 5: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Role of the EnvironmentProblems with living hear a river
valley?- Destroyed by frequent floods that
ravaged entire cities- Communication amongst the various
isolated cities was very difficult
![Page 6: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Invention of WritingOrigins of Writing probably go
back to te ninth millennium B.C.4th millennium – realized that
drawing tokens was easier than making tokens
Result was the development of cuneiform:
- “wedge-shaped”- Pictographic system
![Page 7: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Cuneiform
![Page 8: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Sumerian InventionsWagon wheelPotter’s wheel (shape containers) Number system12 month calendarMetal plowSailSome of the earliest known mapsNew architecture
![Page 10: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Sumerian Society Sumer was different from all other
earlier civilizations◦Advanced cities ◦Specialized workers ◦Complex institutions◦ record keeping ◦Advanced technologyDeveloped city-statesFood surplus > increased population >
expanded trade > expansion of Sumerian society
![Page 11: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Sumer SocietyPolytheistic - believed in many
gods Wrote myths (Epic of Gilgamesh)
◦Priests and kings were at the top◦Slaves were at the bottom
Women probably couldn’t attend school but had many other rights
Advances in mathematics◦Number system based on 60 (60
seconds = 1 minute)
![Page 12: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
From Sumerians to BabyloniansThe Sumerians city-states
eventually fell to foreign invaders (2000 B.C.)
The Akkadians:◦Semites – nomaidc people from the
Arabian Peninsula that migrated to Mesopotamia
◦Sargon I (2300-2200 B.C.E.) unites all Mesopotamia (created first empire)
◦Under Sargon I- Akkadians adopted Sumerian religion and
farming
![Page 14: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Babylonian EmpireLocated in modern day SyriaConquered many parts of old
Sumer (including Babylon)Hammurabi –created a law code
with harsh punishments Borrowed heavily from Sumerian
cultureAfter Hammurabi’s death
Babylon declined
![Page 16: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
HittitesA strong army with chariotsConquered Babylon in 1595
B.C.E.Borrowed from Mesopotamian
and Egyptian cultureHad a law code less harsh than
Hammurabi’sLasted until about 1200 B.C.E
![Page 17: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
AssyriansStarted to gain strength about
900 B.C.EPowerful army Treated conquered people cruellyLarge empire with good roadsCollapsed about 612 B.C.E
![Page 18: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
ChaldeansDefeated the Assyrians in about
612 B.C.EDescended from Hammurabi’s
BabyloniansAt its height during the rule of
Nebuchadnezzar (605-562B.C.E) ◦Spent a lot of money on Babylon◦Built Hanging Gardens
Empire collapsed in 539B.C.Wafter being defeated by Persians
![Page 19: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
![Page 20: The Revolving Door of Mesopotamia](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/568163e6550346895dd549cb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
PersiansCyrus (conquered from the Nile
to the IndusDarius I (son is Xerxes)
◦Administered the empire using satrups (governors)
◦Tolerant of those who were conquered
◦Increased trade and build roads◦Lost to the Greeks in 480 B.C.E