the price of peace - terrorism, economics and peace process in colombia
TRANSCRIPT
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THE PRICE OF PEACETERRORISM, ECONOMICS AND PEACE PROCESS
IN COLOMBIA
Alvaro Uribe Velez
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Defining Peace
Let me start by asking a simple question…what is peace?
If have always believed that peace is clearly defined in the Colombian National seal …Liberty and Order
Peace requires that all of us can exercise our liberties without fear, as long as those liberties do not endanger social order and collective rights
As long as any threat against life, honor and property exists peace and liberties are at risk
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The kind of peace I believe
in
Individuals exercise their
liberties
Citizen lives, honor and
property are protected
Justice operates and
sanctions
Criminals are punished for their actions
No Impunity
Terrorism face truth, justice and victim reparation
Defining peace
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That was the kind of peace we proposed to the Colombian people through our
Democratic Security Policy…
Defining Peace
Democratic Security
Security for allFight all forms of criminality
Security without Martial
Law
Security with liberties and human rights
protection
Victim recognition and
reparation
We could never talk about peace if we do not insure security and justice in all the regions of our country
The Democratic Security Policy was aimed to reestablish rule of law in the Colombian Territory, while protecting human rights and promoting institutional governance in all our municipalities. For years those territories faced the threat of terrorism
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For many years Colombia faced a terrorist
threat
Thousands of kidnappings by FARC, ELN and
AUC
Hundreds of terrorist attacks against national
infrastructure
Thousands of homicides
Blackmailing
Armed blockades
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Terrorism characteristics
CharacteristicsTactic used to pressure and intimidate citizen
behavior through fear and uncertainty
Its primary objective are innocent civilians, due to the interest in creating social pressure
Threatens individual liberties
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Terrorisms Fundamentals
Terrorism does not stand alone
Drug trafficking
Arms trafficking
Women trafficking
Smuggling
Blackmailing
Kidnapping
Terrorism has motivations
Religious
Ethnic
Political
Terrorism creates a criminal structure
Money Laundering
Document trafficking
Assassinations
Genocide
Torture
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Socio Economic effects
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September 11 changed the world mentality about
terrorism
Political
The debate between terrorists and insurgents
came to an end
A world diplomacy against terrorism
Sanctions to countries that harbor terrorists
Weakening terrorist groups diplomacy and propaganda
Geopolitical
Afghanistan Intervention
End of the Taliban Regime
Intervention in Irak
NATO involvement
Economic
Terrorist risk is quantified
Corporate contingencies
Insurance industry new products
World security and defense budgets skyrocketed
Migration restrictions
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Economic facts…
GDP Vs Income per capita
Increases in the number of terrorist attacks per million habitants reduces
per capita income
Gross capital Formation as % of GDP
An increase in the number of terrorist incidents per million habitants reduces
capital formation as % of GDP
An increase in the amount of fatalities and wounds per every US$ 1000 million of GDP reduces capital
formation as % of GDP
Number of incidents
More terrorist attacks against civilians and their properties affects capital
formation as % of GDP
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Terrorism evolution 1968 - 2004 shows
important data…
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Our philosophy to fight terrorism in
Colombia
Sources
Crop eradication
Asset confiscation
Money Laundering
controls
Break supply chain
Diplomatic
Terrorist Declaration
International awareness
Denounce countries that
support terrorist groups
Military
Intelligence
Dismantling
Smart weapons
Territorial control
Complementary
Demobilization
Reinsertion
Justice, peace and reparation
Judicial
Extradition
Punishment
Judicial system strengthening
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Economic effects of the Democratic Security
Policy
-5
-3
-1
1
3
5
7
9
Real GrowthFuente: DANE
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0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
19821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010
Colombia GDP Per Capita
Units: US Dollars
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 - Gross domestic product per capita, current prices
Economic effects of the Democratic Security
Policy
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0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%Investment as % of GDP
Fuente: Fondo Monetario Internacional
Economic effects of the Democratic Security
Policy
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Reflections about the current peace
process
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Peace constitutional
framework
Provides the same treatment to military corps and terrorists
The government has accepted to establish peace dialogues with FARC while terrorist attacks remain
Countries that have supported FARC are currently mediators in the process
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Peace constitutional framework
Incubates impunity
Violates international law
ICC Rome Statute -Law 742 de 2002
Convention against torture
Geneva Conventions
U.N Convention against war crimes
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AUC Peace Process lessons
LessonsDemobilization and justice not a negotiation
OAS verification
AUC Unilateral cease fire
Incarceration
No political recognition
Justice, peace and
reparations
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