the present subjunctive español 3 capítulo 7 página 239-240
TRANSCRIPT
The Present Subjunctive
Español 3Capítulo 7Página 239-240
The Subjunctive
Up to now you have been using verbs in the indicative mood, which is used to talk about facts or actual events.
The Subjunctive
Spanish has another way of using verbs called the subjunctive mood.
The Subjunctive
Espero obtener una A en mi prueba.
Vs. Espero que tú obtengas una A
en tu prueba.
The Subjunctive someone else to do
something. The subjunctive is
not fact/it did not happen yet.
We use it to say what one person: asks hopes tells insists requires
WIERD
WWish EEmotion IImpersonal Expressions RRequests DDoubt (of existence or of occurrence)
The Subjunctive
A sentence that includes the subjunctive form has two parts connected by the word queque (meaning that).
For example:
The Subjunctive
Quiero que tú estudies I want you to study.
2 Clauses
Ella sugiere que tú estudies Español
Independent clause(stands on its own)Subject > Verb
Separated by the word “que”
Dependent clause (can’t stand on its own)Begins with the word “que.”
Indicative Verb
Subjunctive Verb
The Subjunctive
1st subject – Indicative+
QUE
+
2ND Subject – Subjunctive
The Subjunctive
We form the present subjunctive of most verbs the same way we form negative tú commands.
Words that would indicate the subjunctive (you will find these in your main clause)
1. Decir (when it means tell)
2. Esperar
3. Exigir
4. Insistir en
5. Pedir
6. Querer
7. Recomendar
8. Sugerir
The Subjunctive
We drop the -o of the present-tense indicative yo form and add the subjunctive endings.
The Subjunctive
For -ar verbs:
e, es, e, emos, éis, en
For -er/-ir verbs:
a, as, a, amos, áis, an
Votar – to vote
vote
votes
vote
votemos
votéis
voten
Prometer– to promise
prometa
prometas
prometa
prometamos
prometáis
prometan
Recibir – to receive
reciba
recibas
reciba
recibamos
recibáis
reciban
The Subjunctive
The present subjunctive has the same spelling changes and irregular yo form changes used with the negative tú commands and Ud./Uds. commands.
As in negative commands, irregular verbs that add a “g” to the stem in the present-tense yo form also have a “g” in the present subjunctive.
Verbs that have a go in the yo present indicative form
caerse decir hacer poner salir
tener traer
Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
hacer hag-o haga
tener teng-o tenga
Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
Also verbs ending in –car, -gar, and –zar have a spell change in order to maintain the original sound.
Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
buscar busco busque
pagar pago pague
cruzar cruzo cruce
Ger infinitives
Remember there are some where the yo form the g changes to a j.
1. Escoger
2. Coger
3. Exigir
4. Recoger
1. Escoja
2. Coja
3. Exija
4. Recoja
1. Escoger
2. Coger
3. Exigir
4. Recoger
1. Escoja
2. Coja
3. Exija
4. Recoja
Stem Changing verbs
Keep the stem for all –ar and –er verbs except in the nosotros form. Ex.
Cierre, cerremos -ir infinitives the nosotros form e-i, o-u
even if the other forms have ie and ue.sienta, sintamos,
duerma, durmamos