The Politics of Anti-Westernism in Asia: Visions of World Order in Pan-Islamic and Pan-AsianThought by Cemil AydinReview by: Lucian W. PyeForeign Affairs, Vol. 87, No. 1 (Jan. - Feb., 2008), p. 194Published by: Council on Foreign RelationsStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20020318 .

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Recent Books

Asia and Pacific LUCIAN W. PYE

SecuringJapan: Tokyo's Grand Strategy and theFutureofEastAsia. BY RICHARD J. SAMUELS. Cornell University Press, 2007, 296 pp. $29.95.

Japan in International Politics: The Foreign Policies ofan Adaptive State. EDITED BY THOMAS U. BERGER, MIKE M.

MOCHIZUKI, AND JITSUO

TSUCHIYAMA. Lynne Rienner, 2007,

349 pp. $59.95 (paper, $24.50). These two books seek to demystifyJapan's foreign policy behavior. Samuels has done a masterly job of relating Tokyo's grand strategy to international relations theory. Japan's defeat in World War II set the stage for the Japanese to rethink their policies, but the spirit of pacifism and antimilitarism was never as binding as many foreigners thought it was. According to Samuels, the end of the Cold War forced Japanese strategic thinkers to deal with four new threats: the rise of China, a

miscreant North Korea, the possibility of abandonment by the United States, and the relative decline of the Japanese economy.

One way or another, the Japanese have had to come up with new policies-and in the process they have also had to form new connections.

The symposium volume edited by Berger, Mochizuki, and Tsuchiyama is

organized around the view that Japan is going through a process of adopting new international roles. The authors of the chapters are a mixture of American Japan specialists and Japanese scholars. The theme of several of the chapters is that

Japan's renunciation of war had a degree of popular appeal, but it could under certain conditions also conffict with the Japanese desire to participate in UN peace keeping operations. Other significant chapters include Berger's analysis of "the politics of memory," in which Berger describes how the East Asian states have different memories of divisive historical events, and Mochizuki's important and illuminating chapter on dealing with a rising China.

The Politics ofAnti-Westernism in Asia: Visions of World Order in Pan-Islamic and Pan-Asian Thought. BY CEMIL AYDIN. Columbia University Press, 2007, 368 pp. $32.50.

With great skill, Aydin attacks the notion that anti-Westernism and anti

Americanism in Asia are negative reac tions to the liberal values of the West.

By comparing Ottoman pan-Islamic and Japanese pan-Asian visions from the mid-nineteenth century to the end of World War II, he is able to show how negative views of the West first took hold. Asian intellectuals made

much of the two faces of the West that they were confronted with: effective imperialism, on the one hand, and enlightenment liberalism, on the other.

Aydin thus identifies both deep currents in Asian intellectual history and popu lar views of power and politics. He has a sure grasp of what is fundamental and

what is merely of the moment.

Beyond Belief: India and the Politics of PostcolonialNationalism. BY SRI RUPA ROY. Duke University Press, 2007, 264 pp. $74.95 (paper, $21.95).

Most studies of postcolonial nationalism

[194] FOREIGN AFFAIRS- Volume87No.1

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