the organelles and their functions of the amoeba, paramecium, euglena, and volvox
TRANSCRIPT
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The organelles and their functions of the Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena, and Volvox
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The Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena, and Volvox All are protists: eukaryotes that cannot be classified as animals, plants, or fungi.
Classified by their movement and way of life.
Movement• Amoeboid (pseudopodia)• Ciliate (cilia)• Flagellate (flagella)• Parasitic (attachment to a
host cell)
Way of Life• Autotrophic: make their own
food (plantlike)• Heterotrophic: consume
autotrophs or other heterotrophs (animal like)
• Heterotrophic w/ cell walls and reproduce w/ spores (sort of animal and plantlike fungus like)
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The Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena, and Volvox
Organelles in common
• Nucleus • Cytoplasm• Food vacuoles: food that is being digested or
broken down to provide the cell with energy.• Contractile vacuoles (vesicles): pump excess
water from the cell; keeps water levels w/in the cell consistent.
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The Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena, and Volvox Differences in organelles
Amoeba (0.25mm – 2.5mm)• Pseudopodia• Cell membrane• Endoplasm• Ectoplasm
Paramecium (up to 2mm) *most complex• Cilia• Pellicle• Oral groove• Anal pore• Macronucleus• Micronucleus
Euglena (15 – 500µm)• Flagella• Pellicle• Stigma/eyespot• Chloroplasts
Volvox (can be large enough to be seen w/ the naked eye)• Flagella• Cytoplasm• Chloroplasts• Live in colonies
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Moves by stretching its cytoplasm into finger like extensions or pseudopodia
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Cell membrane is very flexible and allows the organism to change shape constantly.
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Has 2 types of cytoplasm endoplasm and ectoplasm
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Endoplasm granular inner mass; darker cytoplasm toward interior of the cell.
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Ectoplasm absorb water and removes carbon dioxide clearer cytoplasm found near the cell
membrane.
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It pushes its endoplasm toward cell membrane to move and consume food.
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Use cilia to aid in locomotion and gather food. Cilia extends out from pellicle.
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Pellicle stiff but flexible covering gives the organism its shape.
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Most complex single celled organism with two nuclei:macronucleus & micronucleus
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Macronucleus larger nucleus, controls everything, but reproduction.
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Micronucleus smaller nucleus, controls reproduction (asexually through binary fission and/or sexually
through conjugation).
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Oral groove collect food w/ the aid of cilia
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Anal pore expel wastes
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Flagellum used to aid in locomotion may have more than one
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Pellicle flexible surrounding envelope that allows the organism to change shape.
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Can absorb food directly through the pellicle or produce food through photosynthesis – food is
stored as a complex carbohydrate.
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Eyespot/stigma detects light to aid the organism in finding sunlight for food production.
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Chloroplast trap sunlight to be used for photosynthesis.
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Nucleus contains the genetic information of the cell.
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Volvox: common single celled pond algae that
consists of one or more colonies.
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Each cell uses its flagella simultaneously to move the colony.
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Has chloroplasts to make its own food
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