the open knowledge, open data, open standards and open formats
TRANSCRIPT
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Open Knowledge, Open Data, Open Standards and Open
Formats
Nikesh BalamiOpen Knowledge Nepal
www.neekes.com.np
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The Open Knowledge
➢ We are a global network using advocacy and technology to open up knowledge and see it used to empower citizens and organizations to drive positive change.
➢ We build tools and communities to create, use and share open knowledge - content and data that everyone can use, share and build on.
➢ We believe that by creating an open knowledge commons and developing tools and communities around this we can make a significant contribution to improving governance, research and the economy.
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What do we mean by open?
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“A piece of data or content is open if anyone is free to use, reuse, and redistribute it - subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and/or share-alike” - http://opendefinition.org/
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What means Open Data?
Open data involves:
➢ the proactive disclosure of information;
➢ the Internet being the primary medium for such disclosure;
➢ information being made available for access and for re use free of charge and;
➢ information being made available in a machine-readable format to enable computer-based re use.
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Why Open Data?
➢ Innovation, Efficiency and Transparency
➢ The Many Mind Principle - The best thing to do with your data will be thought of by someone else
➢ Fixing is Faster with Open Data - To many eyes all bugs are shallow
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What Kinds?
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How to Make Data Public??
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1) Mandate data formats for maximal technical access
2) Provide comprehensive and appropriate formats for varied uses
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3) Remove restrictions for accessing information
4) Mandate data be explicitly license - free
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5) Mandate the use of unique identifiers
6) Require code sharing or publishing open source
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7) Publish bulk data
8) Optimize methods of data collection
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9) Mandate ongoing data publication and updates
10) Create permanent, Lasting access to data
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Now Open Standards and Open Format
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Open Standards allow people to share all kinds of data freely and with perfect fidelity. They prevent lock-in and other artificial barriers to interoperability, and promote choice between vendors and technology solutions. - FSFE
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Why Open Standards Important?
➢ Provide you with an adaptable design
➢ Give you greater choice
➢ Make it possible for your digital services to change over time
➢ Rapid Development
➢ Leverage Existing Skills
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Open Format??
An Open File Format is a published specification for storing digital data, usually maintained by a standards organization, and which can be used and implemented by anyone.
Source: Wikipedia
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Note that because the various definitions of "Open Standard and Open Formats" differ in their requirements, the examples listed below may not be open by every definition.
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Examples:
# Image
➢ GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)
➢ PNG
➢ SVG
➢ MNG
➢ APNG
➢ JEPG 2000
etc etc..
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Examples:
# Video
➢ Dirac
➢ Matroska (MKV)
➢ Webm
➢ Theora
etc etc...
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Examples:
# Audio
➢ ALAC
➢ FLAC
➢ OGG
➢ Musepack
➢ Vorbis
etc etc..
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Examples:
# Text
➢ Plain Text
➢ HTML
➢ Unicode
➢ DVI
➢ LaTeX
➢ Office Open
➢ Open Document
➢ PostScript
➢ Various Subsets of PDF
➢ ePub
etc etc..
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Examples:
# Archiving and Compression:
➢ 7Z
➢ Zip
➢ TAR
➢ gZip
➢ PAQ
etc etc..
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Open Document Formats:
➢ Comma-Separated Values (CSV)
➢ Tab-Separated Values (TSV)
➢ Excel Spreadsheets (XLS/XLSX)
➢ Extensible Markup Language (XML)
➢ JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)
➢ Resource Description Format (RDF)
➢ RDF Site Summary (RSS Feeds)
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Why All This??
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Past:
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Present:
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Future:
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This increase the value of Open Standards
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The Primary goal is to make the data accessible and to create the interface or experience that makes it most useful to those who needs it.
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Let's Follow:
“Thinking is easy, acting is difficult, and to put one's thoughts into action is the most difficult thing in the world”. - Johan Wolfgang VoGoethe
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Thank You!!