By: Nermeen Ragab Data Entry Specialist

The Open Access Model

The Publishing Process Authoring Submission Review Rejection /Modification /Acceptance Publication Distribution

Open Access & Author’s Rights What Can the author do with his work?

-Publish on website- Publish/distribute work in print or other media- Reproduce/Copy-Use or be used by other authors for research.-Submit to Journals.-Prepare Translations or Derivative Works.-Perform or display the work publicly.- Authorize others to have any of these rights in light of the granted/revoked ability to transfer rights.

The Open Access Model

“Digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions”

What is Open Access?

Open access (OA) – “The practice of providing

unrestricted access via the Internet to peer-reviewed

scholarly journal articles and other scholarly works. “

University of Illinois Springfield

What do we mean by “Open”?

Open & Free to AccessOpen to …

Contribution and Participation

Use & Reuse with Few or No Restrictions

Indexing and Machine Readable

Why Open Access?

“Information wants to be free!” Unsustainable pricing model of scholarly

journals Beliefs of the Academy – It’s the Right

thing to Do!“Open access truly expands shared knowledge across scientific fields — it is the best path for

accelerating multi-disciplinary breakthroughs in research." — Open Letter to the US Congress

signed by Nobel Prize winners Requirements of Funding Agencies

The NIH(National Institutes of Health) Public Access Policy implements Division G, Title II,  Section 218 of PL 110-161 (Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008).  The law states:

“The Director of the National Institutes of Health shall require that all investigators funded by the NIH submit or have submitted for them to the National Library of Medicine’s PubMed Central an electronic version of their final, peer-reviewed manuscripts upon acceptance for publication, to be made publicly available no later than 12 months after the official date of publication: Provided, That the NIH shall implement the public access policy in a manner consistent with copyright law.”

NIH Public Access Policy @ http://publicaccess.nih.gov

NIH-funded research must be made freely available to the public

Deposit made publicly available no later than 12(twelve) months after the official date of publication

Authors submit an e-copy of their published articles to NIH PubMed Central

NIH Rules - In Brief

Gold route(Model) – Author pays Open Access journal

Deutsche Bank: ““We believe the publisher adds relatively little value to the publishing process.  … if the process really were as complex, costly and value-added as the publishers protest that it is, 40% margins wouldn’t be available.”

Parties Involved

Funding

Author

Publisher

Libraries

Reader

1. Early advantage – you can publish earlier in the research cycle

2. Arxiv advantage – a central repository (or common data standard) provide one main place for all publications.

3. Quality Bias - a self-selecting bias in that higher-quality articles are more likely to be self-archived in the early days but this effect would disappear as self-archiving approaches 100%.

4. Quality advantage - articles are judged on quality and not access differences.

5. Competitive advantage - self-archived papers have a competitive advantage over non-self-archived ones, in early days, although this effect would also reduce as the practice increases.

6. Usage advantage – OA articles are read more widely than non-OA ones.

( Steven Harnad 2005)

Advantages Of Open Access

Open Access and Copyright/Creative Commons

Open access is built upon authors retaining all or part of their initial rights under copyright law.

Creative Commons is an easy way to transfer rights – they allow creators to communicate which rights they reserve, and which rights they waive for the benefit of recipients or other creators.

Open Access Journals

Scholarly journals that are available online to the reader "without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself.“

Suber, Peter. "Open Access Overview". http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/overview.htm

“Green” Open AccessAuthors publish in any journal and then self-archive a version of the article for free public use in their institutional repository, in a central repository (such as PubMed Central), or on some other OA website. “Gold” Open AccessAuthors publish in an open access journal that provides immediate OA to all of its articles on the publisher's website. Hybrid Open Access Provide Gold OA only for those individual articles for which their authors (or their author's institution or funder) pay an OA publishing fee.

Types of Open Access

Open access having impact

Swan, A. (2010) The Open Access citation advantage: Studies and results to date.- 27 of 31 show open access having a positive citation advantage

- Where positive advantage - increase in citations varying from -5 to 600%

http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/18516/

How do the finances work?

Article-processing charge (APC)Covers Editorial: handling of manuscripts Technical: development, maintenance and operation of

online journal system Production: Formatting and markup of articles, inclusion in

indexing services Marketing: Making sure readers and authors know about

the journal Customer service: Responding to authors/readers

Web technology is used to keep costs low.

Article-processing charges - who pays?

Authors may pay out of grant funds Some funders provide a central fund for

open access publishing costs Institutions may cover costs centrally, on

behalf of their authors, via BioMed Central Institutional Membership

Some titles cover costs themselves

Open access article share

References

Open Access publishing overview Martin Weller

Open Access & Author’s Rights - What every faculty or author should know…..

H. Stephen McMinn, Director of Collections and Scholarly CommunicationsBrookens Library( University of Illinois Springfield) The international open access Carrie Calder

Head of Marketing, BioMed Central