the nucleus controls the functions of life. brainstorm what physical features can vary from person...
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Chapter 4The Nucleus Controls the Functions of Life
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BrainstormWhat physical features can vary from person
to person?
Survey the students to determine:Smooth hair line vs widow’s peakTongue roller vs non-rollerAttached ear lobes vs unattached
What determines these traits?
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_______: a particular feature that can vary in size or form from individual to individual within a species
___________: the process through which patterns of traits are passed on from an individual to its offspring.
____________: the organelle that is responsible for heredity and for controlling the functions of the cellThe information (______) contained in the
nucleus determines traits and controls cell division.
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DNA is Found in the Nucleus________________________(_____): carries the
master set of instructions for cell functionDNA is made up of four different parts (or
_____________________), how they connect and how many connect together determines everything that occurs in the cell.
_________________: DNA will fold into a very compact X- shaped structure when the cell is ready to divide. Chromosomes are made up of numerous
_______ and contain the information for thousands of ________
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Chromosomes are made up of genes______: a segment of DNA located on the
chromosome that instructs the nucleus to produce a specific protein.
The types of __________ made will be observable in the individual person. A gene contains the information to produce a particular traitThey store the information needed to produce
90 000 to 100 000 different proteins used in the cells of your body.
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How are Genes and Chromosomes Different?Think of a train
The train is like a _____________ but each car of the train represents an individual ____________.
One car on the train determine s eye color, another car determines hair color, another determines height and so on.
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TaskRead “Wild, Weird, Wonderful” on page 120.
Illustrate how knowledge of cellular functions has resulted in the development of new technologies.
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Changes in a cell’s genetic information is possible.
____________: a change in the makeup of a gene located on a chromosome
_____________: a substance or factor that can cause mutations in DNA.
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Mutations and Mutagens____________________Mutations
Chemicals in _____________, cleaning products, and _____________ wastes and nuclear radiation are mutagens that can cause mutations. They upset the life cycle of a cell, upset __________________and cause cancer.
___________________ MutationsSolar radiation (______) and radioactive gases
(____________) as well as ________ can cause mutations
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Mutations and MutagensWhen DNA becomes damaged, the __________ in a
cell will not be made correctly.
Examples: If cells receive too much ____ radiation then this can
cause damage to DNA of the cell and the cell cannot reproduce properly – cancer
In the 1970’s, some women were given Thalidomide and this affected the ______ replication of the fetus – children were born with physical deformities
Genetic information can be altered between generations