The New England Colonies

By: TeammatesPer.1

APUSHSept. 21, 2011

Geography

Politics• Conflict over land rights continued through the 17th

century, with French constructing Fort Petagouet near present day, Maine in 1613.

• Rhode Island has a Governor, Deputy Governor, General Assembly, and 10 assistants.

• Connecticut colony government is based on their people’s consent.

• Massachusetts government was ruled by ministers.• Puritans first sent smaller groups in mid 1620s from

England to establish colonies, buildings, and food supplies.

• Puritan leaders used the government to enforce strict religious rules that all Puritans were expected to follow. Dissenters were often banished from the Massachusetts Bay colony.

Intellectual• The prime motive for founding the New England Colonies

was religious freedom• The life expectancy grew in the New England Colonies

( much longer than of Old England & Southern Colonies• Literacy rates were high, Massachusetts law particularly

required a tx supported school for every community; they wanted their children to learn the Bible

• MALE SUPREMACY: they believed that a soul had two parts: an immortal masculine half and a mortal feminine half

• They also thought that women who were pregnant with a boy would display a rosy complexion and a pale complexion for a girl

Religion• Pilgrims, also known as Separatists, complete break with the church of

England.• Puritans, also known as non-separatists, didn’t want to separate from the

Church of England; instead they purified the practices that were considered too catholic. They believed in punishment with no remorse and believed in the Old Testament methods. They also used social degradation as punishment, which grew into a congregational church.

• Anne Hutchinson became a threat to Puritans, so she was banished.• Christian churches were built where Aztec temples once were.• After Columbus’ discovery, Spanish monarchs were driven to make

Indians Catholic.• England’s official church from 1558-1608 was the Angelican Church.• Desperate, Puritans made the Half-Way Covenant; overall, it weakened

their religion, but contributed to a larger population.• Enlightenment, in the end, was supposedly alongside Christian beliefs.

Religion in the New England colonies

Mothers teaching their kids and sharing the gospel

The pilgrams teaching the Indians of their religion

Arts-Culture

• When the English landed in 1607, the chieftain Powhatan dominated the native peoples living in the same James River area.

• Some tribes, such as the Tuscaroras from the Carolina region, sought peaceful absorption into the Iroquois Confederacy.

• Three quarters of the English migrants to the Chesapeake during this period came as servants, signed to “indentures” ranging from 4-7 years.

• The Indians’ only hope for resisting English encroachment lay in intertribal unity – a pan spreading English settlements

Technology• The Pueblos made complex irrigation systems to get water. • Native American groups used “three-sister” to farm more

efficiently.• Sailors and explorers used compass, cross staff, quadrant,

chip board, hourglass, and etc.• During the 14th and 15th century their transportation

consisted of horseback, carriages, boats, and walking.• Horses, however, were leisures of the rich.• There was a strong need of wood; New England made

bigger houses with more luxuries. • Benjamin Franklin was a HUGE contribution to their

technology. He invented the glass harmonica, the stove, and the lightening rod.

Economy

• The economy in new Hampshire revolved around sawmills, shipyards, merchants warehouses, and established villages and town centers. New Hampshire environment was village like.

• Massachusetts environment had major industry for the colony included agriculture (fishing, corn, livestock), manufacturing (lumbering and shipbuilding).

• The importance of environmental expenditures for jobs in some occupations is greater than for others.

• In Rhode Island the seas provided whales and a large amount of fish for food and fertilize, these items soon became valuable exports for expanding trade.

Social• The Puritan society valued their education.• Tightly knit societies.• Women wed in their early twenties and they had babies every two

years until menopause.• Children not only received guidance from their parents but also from

their grandparents.• Towns with more than fifty families had to have an elementary school.• Puritans ran their own churches , and democracy in Congregational

Church government. • Southern families had advanced in the economic security of women,

especially of women’s property rights.

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Social life in New England colonies