the negotiable instruments act, 1881 (act no.xxvi of 1881 ... act, 2018 final web copy final.pdfthe...
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The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) G bZzb
weavb ms‡hvRb m¤ú‡K© AvBb Kwgk‡bi mycvwik:
f~wgKv:
eZ©gv‡b †`‡k cÖPwjZ AvBbmg~‡ni g‡a¨ The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881( Act
NO.XVI of 1881) GKwU eûj e¨eüZ AvBb| G AvBb cÖYq‡bi jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ wQj wb¤œiƒc:
ÒAn Act to define and amend the law relating to Promissory Notes, Bills of Exchange and
Cheques.”
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1866 mv‡j Z…Zxq fviZxq AvBb Kwgkb me©cÖ_g The Negotiable Instruments Act Gi Lmov
cÖ ‘Z K‡ib, hv 1867 mv‡ji wW‡m¤i gv‡m Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij Gi cwil‡` (Governor General in
Council) Dc ’vcb Kiv n‡j GwU Select Committee ‡Z cvVv‡bv nq| e¨emvqx m¤úª`vq Gi cÿ †_‡K
†NviZi AvcwËi †cÖwÿ‡Z 1877 mv‡j AvBbwUi Lmov cybtcÖ ‘Z Kiv n‡j ¯’vbxq miKvi, nvB‡KvU© Ges
‡P¤vi Ae Kgvm© Gi mgv‡jvPbvi †cÖwÿ‡Z wejwU cybivq Aci GKwU Select Committee KZ…©K cwigvwR©Z
nq, ZeyI wejwU P~ovšÍ Kiv m¤¢e nq bvB| 1880 mv‡j ivóª mwP‡ei wb‡ ©‡k wejwU bZzb GK AvBb Kwgk‡bi
wbKU cvVv‡bv nq hvi mycvwi‡ki wfwˇZ AvBbwUi Lmov cybtcÖ ‘Z Kiv nq Ges Zv GKwU Select
Committee ‡Z cvVv‡bv nq| Gfv‡e PZz_©ev‡ii gZ cÖ ‘ZK…Z Lmov cwil‡` (Council) Dc ’vwcZ n‡j
1881 mv‡j The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881( Act NO.XVI of 1881) AvBb wn‡m‡e
cvk nq| AvBbwU cv‡ki ci n‡Z Kvh©Ki MY¨ nq Ges evwYwR¨K ywbqvq Avw_©K †jb‡`b mnwRKiY I
wbðqZv weav‡bi Rb¨ Gi cÖ‡qvM DˇivËi evo‡Z _v‡K|
2
cieZ©x‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki Af~¨`‡qi c~e© ch©šÍ weªwUk fviZ I cvwK¯Ívb Avg‡j cuvPevi ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g
AvBbwUi wKQz cwieZ©b nq| ms‡kvabx¸‡jv nj:
1. 1885 mv‡j Section 45A I 104A;
2. 1920 mv‡j Section 75A;
3. 1930 mv‡j Section 85A;
4. 1947 mv‡j Section 131A Ges
5. 1962 mv‡j Section 1A, 21A, 21B, 21C, 27A, 28A, 29A, 29B, 29C, 38A, 53A,
57A, 57B, 71A, 122A, 123A, 125A, 131B, 131C, 131D, 131E, 131F, 131G,
131H I 131I ms‡hvRb|
evsjv‡`‡k cÖPjb:
1971 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤i cvwK¯Ívbx nvbv`vi evwnbx‡K civwRZ K‡i ¯vaxbZv AR©‡bi ci The
Bangladesh Laws (Revision And Declaration) Act, 1973 (Act No. VIII of 1973) Øviv
The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881( Act NO.XVI of 1881) AvBbwU mgMÖ evsjv‡`‡k
cÖ‡hvR¨ nq| ‡`‡ki Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae ’vi †cÖwÿ‡Z 1994 n‡Z 2006 mvj ch©šÍ wZbevi ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g
AvBbwUi wKQz cwieZ©b Kiv nq| ms‡kvabx¸‡jv nj:
1. 1994 mv‡j The Negotiable Instruments (Amendment) Act, 1994 (Act No.XIX
of 1994) Gi 2 aviv Gi gva¨‡g The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 138 I
139 aviv m¤wjZ “CHAPTER XVII” Gi ¯’‡j aviv 138 n‡Z 141 m¤wjZ bZzb
“CHAPTER XVII” ms‡hvRb;
2. The Negotiable Instruments (Amendment) Act, 2000 (Act No.VII of 2000) Gi aviv-2 Gi gva¨‡g 138 avivq ewY©Z KwZcq weavb ms‡kvab I ms‡hvRb, Ges
3. The Negotiable Instruments (Amendment) Act, 2006 (Act No.III of 2006)
Gi aviv-2 Gi gva¨‡g 138 avivq Sub-section (1A); Section 138A ms‡hvRb Ges 141
avivq we`¨gvb Clause (c) Gi cwie‡Z© bZzb Clause (c) cÖwZ¯’vcb|
ms‡kva‡bi †cÖÿvcU:
1994 mv‡j The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 AvB‡b bZzb 138-141 avivmg~n m¤wjZ
“CHAPTER XVII” cÖwZ ’vc‡bi ci n‡Z 138 avivq ‡dŠR`vix gvgjv `v‡q‡ii msL¨v †hgb MvwYwZK
nv‡i evo‡Z _v‡K †Zgwb Gi AccÖ‡qvM Z_v nqivbxi gvÎv e¨vcK e„w× cvq| wewfbœ bvMwiK, AvBbRxex
Ges fz³‡fvMx‡`i KvQ †_‡K cÖvß Aby‡iva mwµq we‡ePbvi Av‡jv‡K AvBb Kwgkb The Negotiable
Instruments Act, 1881 Gi “CHAPTER XVII” – G we`¨gvb On penalties in case
of dishonour certain cheques for insufficiency of funds in the
3
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ms‡kvabxmg~n cÖ Íve Kiv n‡q‡Q|
F‡Yi `vq m¤úwK©Z cÖvPxb BwZnvm:
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KiZ| Gme †`‡ki wewfbœ kn‡i Debtors’ Prison wQj| ‡PŠÏkZ n‡Z Ebwesk kZvãx ch©šÍ Bsj¨v‡Ûi
Southwark (eZ©gvb London) kn‡i Aew¯’Z The Marshalsea ‡RjLvbv jÛ‡bi `wi ª †`bv`vi
K‡qw`‡`i Rb¨ †ekx cwiwPZ wQj| Aóv`k kZvãx‡Z Bsj¨v‡Ûi †gvU K‡qw`‡`i A‡a©KB F‡Yi Rb¨ †R‡j
AvUK wQj| 1824 wLªóv‡ã weL¨vZ Bs‡iR mvwnwZ¨K Charles Dickens Gi evev†K GKRb †eKvix
gvwj‡Ki wbKU FYx _vKvi Rb¨ GB †R‡j cvVv‡bv nq| Bsj¨v‡Ûi London kn‡i Aew¯’Z Aci GKwU
†RjLvbvi bvg wQj Newgate Prison. Aóv`k kZvãx‡Z GB †RjLvbvq †`bv`vi cyiæl I gwnjv
K‡qw`‡`i‡K c„_K Iqv‡W© FY cwi‡kva bv Kiv ch©šÍ AvUK ivLv nZ|
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FY cwi‡kv‡a AÿgZv‡K Aciva wnmv‡e MY¨ Kiv nq bv, eis †`Iqvwb cÖwZKvi wnmv‡e MY¨ nq|
The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 138 I 141 aviv؇qi we`¨gvb weavbvejx:
Ach©vß Znwej RwbZ Kvi‡Y †Kvb †PK e¨vsK KZ„©K wWRAbvi n‡j Zv Aciva n‡e Ges Giƒc Aciv‡ai
Rb¨ †PK cÖ`vbKvix Z_v wnmveavixi 01 eQi ch©šÍ Kviv`Û A_ev †P‡K ewY©Z UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv
A_ev Dfq `Û n‡Z cv‡i g‡g© 138 avivq ewY©Z i‡q‡Q| Avi 141 avivq ewY©Z i‡q‡Q wePvi cÖwµqv I
GLwZqvi m¤úbœ Av`vj‡Zi bvg| D³ aviv ywU wb¤œiƒc-
138. (1)Where any cheque drawn by a person on an account maintained
by him with a banker for payment of any amount of money to another
person from out of that account is returned by the bank unpaid, either
because of the amount of money standing to the credit of that account is
insufficient to honour the cheque or that it exceeds the amount arranged
to be paid from that account by an agreement made with that bank, such
person shall be deemed to have committed an offence and shall, without
prejudice to any other provision of this Act, be punished with
imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine
which may extend to thrice the amount of the cheque, or with both:
(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub- section (1) and (2), the
holder of the cheque shall retain his right to establish his claim through
civil Court if whole or any part of the value of the cheque remains
4
unrealized.
Provided that nothing contained in this section shall apply unless-
(a) the cheque has been presented to the bank within a period of six
months from the date on which it is drawn or within the period of its
validity, whichever is earlier;
(b) the payee or the holder in due course of the cheque, as the case may
be, makes a demand for the payment of the said amount of money by
giving a notice, in writing, to the drawer of the cheque, within thirty days
of the receipt of information by him from the bank regarding the return
of the cheque as unpaid, and
(c) the drawer of such cheque fails to make the payment of the said
amount of money to the payee or, as the case may be, to the holder in due
course of the cheque, within thirty days of the receipt of the said notice.
(1A) The notice required to be served under clasue (b) of sub-section (1)
shall be served in the following manner-
(a) by delivering it to the person on whom it is to be served; or
(b) by sending it by registered post with acknowledgement due to that
person at his usual or last known place of abode or business in
Bangladesh; or
(c) by publication in a daily Bangla national newspaper having wide
circulation.
(2) Where any fine is realized under sub-section (1), any amount upto
the face value of the cheque as far as is covered by the fine realized shall
be paid to the holder.
(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub- section (1) and (2), the
holder of the cheque shall retain his right to establish his claim through
civil Court if whole or any part of the value of the cheque remains
unrealized.
141. Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal
Procedure, 1898 (Act V of 1898),-
(a) no court shall take cognizance of any offence punishable under
section 138 except upon a complaint, in writing, made by the payee or, as
the case may be, the holder in due course of the cheque;
(b) such complaint is made within one month of the date on which the
cause of action arises under clause (c) of the proviso to section 138;
5
(c) no court inferior to that of a Court of Sessions shall try any offence
punishable under section 138.
Dch©y³ 138 avivq ewY©Z Ach©vß Znwe‡ji Kvi‡Y †PK wWRAbvi RwbZ Aciv‡ai kvw Í Ô01 eQi ch©šÍ
Kviv`Û A_ev †P‡K ewY©Z UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv A_ev Dfq `ÛÕ b¨vqmsMZ I hyw³msMZ bq|
The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 g~jZt Avw_©K †jb‡`b msµvšÍ GKwU AvBb| G AvB‡bi
g~j D‡Ïk¨ Avw_©K †jb‡`b mnRZi I ªæZZi Kiv, KvD‡K kvw Í cÖ`vb bq| D‡jøL¨ †h, ‡`‡k cÖPwjZ FY
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Avevi, 141 avivq `vqiv Av`vjZ‡K 138 avivi Aciv‡ai wePvi GLwZqvi †`qv n‡q‡Q hv G‡`‡ki Ae ’vi
cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z ev¯Íem¤§Z bq| 138 avivi gvgjvmg~n ªæZ I mn‡R wb®úwˇhvM¨ hvi wePv‡ii Rb¨ GKRb
1g †kÖYxi RywWwmqvj g¨vwR‡÷ªU h‡_ó †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ| `vqiv Av`vjZmg~n wmwbqi Av`vjZ wn‡m‡e RwUj I
¸iæZ¡c~Y© gvgjvmg~n wb®úwˇZ wb‡qvwRZ _vKvB evÂbxq|
138 avivq ewY©Z AcivawU Av‡cvl‡hvM¨ (compoundable) bv nIqvq cÿM‡Yi B‡”Q _vKv m‡Ë¡I
Av`vjZ Av‡cv‡li wfwˇZ D³ avivi gvgjv wb®úwË Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| G‡Z G ai‡bi gvgjv wb®úwˇZ
A‡nZzK RwUjZv I wej¤ nq|
The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 138 I 141 aviv؇qi we`¨gvb weavbvejx
cwieZ©‡bi c‡ÿ hyw³mg~n:
1| MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb Gi Aby‡”Q` 35 wePvi I Û m¤ú‡K© bvMwiK‡`i myiÿv wbwðZ K‡i‡Q|
Aby‡”Q` 35 Gi Dc-Aby‡”Q` (5) wb¤œiƒc:
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KvnviI mwnZ Abyiƒc e¨envi Kiv hvB‡e bv|Ó
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Kviv`Û cÖ`vb Kiv wKsev ‡P‡K e¨³ A‡_©i wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv Kiv wKsev GK‡Î Dfq `Û cÖ`vb Kiv
jvÂbvKiB e‡U|
2| The Money-Lenders Act, 1940 (Bengal Act No. X of 1940) Gi 30 aviv Abyhvqx
cÖK…Z F‡Yi wظ‡Yi †ekx my` w`‡Z †Kvb FY MÖwnZv†K eva¨ Kiv hv‡e bv| A_P The Negotiable
Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 138 avivq †P‡K DwjøwLZ UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv Kivi weavb
i‡q‡Q|
The Money-Lenders Act, 1940 (Bengal Act No. X of 1940) Gi 30 avivq Av`vq‡hvM¨
my‡`i cwigvb I nvi m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q-
Ò30. Notwithstanding anything contained in any law for the time being in
force, or in any agreement,
6
(1) no borrower shall be liable to pay after the commencement of this Act-
(a) any sum in respect of principal and interest which together with any
amount already paid or included in any decree in respect of a loan
exceeds twice the principal of the original loan,
(b) on account of interest outstanding on the date up to which such liability
is computed, a sum greater than the principal outstanding on such date,---
-”
3| A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003 Gi 47 aviv Abyhvqx, †Kvb Avw_©K cÖwZôvb KZ…©K Avmj FY A‡cÿv
200% Gi AwaK `vex Av`vjZ KZ©„K MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv|
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Ò(1) eZ©gv‡b cÖPwjZ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv AvBb ev cÿM‡Yi g‡a¨ m¤úvw`Z mswkøó Pzw³‡Z hvnvB _vKzK
bv †Kb, GB AvB‡bi Aaxb gvgjv `v‡q‡ii †ÿ‡Î , †Kv‡bv Avw_©K cÖwZôvb †Kv‡bv FY MÖnxZv‡K
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Av`vj‡Z DÌvwcZ D³ mg~`q `vex Avmj FY A‡cÿv 200%(100+200=300 UvKv) Gi
AwaK nq|
(2) Dc-aviv (1) G ewY©Z g‡Z Avmj FY A‡cÿv 200% Gi AwaK Abyiƒc `vex Av`vjZ
KZ©„K MÖnY‡hvM¨ nB‡e bv|
(3) GB avivi weavbwU GB AvBb ejer nBevi GK ermi ci Kvh©Ki nB‡e;
Z‡e kZ© _v‡K †h, †Kv‡bv Avw_©K cÖwZôvb, B”Qv Kwi‡j, GB aviv Kvh©Ki nBevi c~‡e©B, GB
avivi weavb AbymiY Kvi‡Z cvwi‡e|Ó
4| 1994 mv‡j bZzb “CHAPTER XVII” ms‡hvRb Kv‡j 138 avivq ewY©Z Rwigvbvi cwigvb wQj
†P‡K D‡jøwLZ UvKvi wظY, wKš‘ 2000 mv‡j ms‡kvab K‡i (Act No. XVII of 2000 Øviv) wZb¸Y Kiv
nq|
5| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881( Act NO.XVI of 1881) e¨wZZ †`‡k cÖPwjZ
Ab¨ †Kvb AvB‡bB wظ‡Yi †ekx Rwigvbvi weavb bvB|
6| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881( Act NO.XVI of 1881) g~jZt cÖwgmwi †bvU,
wej Ae GK‡PÄ I †PK Ges G¸wji gva¨‡g Avw_©K †jb‡`b msµvšÍ AvBb| FY Av`vq msµvšÍ AvB‡bi
g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003, The Money-Lenders Act, 1940 (Bengal Act No.
X of 1940), I ‡`Dwjqv welqK AvBb, 1997| A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003 Gi 34 aviv Abyhvqx,
A_©FY Av`vjZ wWwµi UvKv cwi‡kv‡a eva¨ Kivi Rb¨ `vwqK‡K 6 (Qq) gvm ch©šÍ †`Iqvbx KvivMv‡i AvUK
ivL‡Z cv‡i| A_P The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 138 avivq Kviv`Û m‡e©v”P 01
eQi|
7| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 141 avivq `vqiv Av`vjZ‡K 138 avivq ewY©Z
Aciv‡ai wePvi Kivi GLwZqvi †`qv n‡q‡Q| A_P †`‡ki `vqiv Av`vjZmg~n (gnvbMi `vqiv Av`vjZ
7
e¨wZZ) GKB mv‡_ †Rjv RR (†`Iqvbx) Av`vjZ wnmv‡e KvR K‡i| GB Av`vj‡Z wewfbœ ch©v‡qi wePvwiK
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wePviK, Avcxj, wiwfD, wiwfkb BZ¨vw`i ïbvbxmn nZ¨v gvgjvi ïbvbx Ges cÖkvmwbK Kv‡R e¨¯Í _v‡Kb;
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me hyM¥ †Rjv I `vqiv RR Av`vjZ Avw` †`Iqvwb gvgjv, e`jxm~‡Î cÖvß †dŠR`vwi I Avcxj gvgjv Ges
†Kvb †Kvb hyM¥ †Rjv I `vqiv RR Av`vjZ, mvK‡mkvb mvwU©wd‡KU gvgjvi fv‡i fvivµvšÍ|
8| ‡PK wWRAbvi msµvšÍ (The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi aviv 138) gvgjvmg~n
quasi criminal cÖK…wZi Ges A‡cÿvK…Z RwUjZvgy³| eZ©gv‡b GB cÖKv‡ii gvgjvi m‡e©v”P Kviv`Û
01(GK) ermi| 1g †kÖYxi RywWwmqvj g¨vwR‡÷ªU ev ‡g‡UªvcwjUb g¨vwR‡÷ªU Gi Kviv`Û cÖ`v‡bi mvavib
ÿgZv m‡e©v”P 07 (mvZ ermi), we‡kl we‡kl †ÿ‡Î AviI †ekx|
9| cvk¦©eZ©x †`k fvi‡Z 1g †kÖYxi RywWwmqvj g¨vwR‡÷ªU ev ‡g‡UªvcwjUb g¨vwR‡÷ªU The Negotiable
Instruments Act, 1881 Gi Aax‡b `v‡qiK…Z gvgjvmg~n wePvi K‡ib|
10| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881( Act NO.XVI of 1881) g~jZt Avw_©K †jb‡`b
msµvšÍ AvBb| G AvBbwU †`Iqvbx cK…wZi| †`‡k cPwjZ cÖvq mKj †`Iqvbx gvgjvB Av‡cv‡l
wb®úwˇhvM¨| The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (Act No. V of 1898) Gi 345 avivq
The Penal Code (Act No. XLV of 1860) G ewY©Z KZK Aciva‡K (†h¸‡jvi m‡e©v”P mvRv 07
eQi ev Zvi bx‡P) Av‡cvl‡hvM¨ (compoundable) Kiv n‡q‡Q| A_P The Negotiable
Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 138 avivq Kviv`Û m‡e©v”P 01 eQi|
evsjv‡`k mycÖxg †KvU© Gi nvB‡KvU© wefvM Feroz Uddin v. Eshan Re-rolling Mill Ltd, 29
BLD (HCD) 2009, 684 gvgjvq wm×všÍ cÖ`vb K‡ib †h,
“Since the offence under section 138 of Negotiable Instrument Act is petty one
and the dispute between the parties settled by compromise is of basically civil
in nature, therefore, in the light of the decisions referred to above, I do not
hesitate to accept the joint compromise petition filed in both the appeals for
disposing the same in terms of the said agreement.”
‡`‡ki D”P Av`vjZ 138 avivi gvgjvq Av‡cv‡li `iLv¯Í MÖnY‡hvM¨ g‡g© Dc‡iv³ gvgjvq wm×všÍ cÖ`vb
K‡ib|
D‡jøL¨ †h, `wÿb Gkxq ivóª ‡bcvj-G Ach©vß Znwe‡ji Kvi‡Y †PK wWRAbvi RwbZ Aciv‡ai kvw Í gvÎ
03 gvm ch©šÍ Kviv`Û A_ev wZb nvRvi UvKv ch©šÍ Rwigvbv A_ev Dfq `Û| hy³ivR¨, hy³ivóª, A‡÷ªwjqv,
KvbvWv, kÖxjsKvmn we‡k¦i cÖvq me iv‡óªB †PK wWRAbvi msµvšÍ `vq †`Iqvwb `vq, †dŠR`vwi `vq bq|
GgZve ’vq, The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi aviv 138 Dcaviv (1) G DwjøwLZ,
†P‡K ewY©Z UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv Kivi weavbwU FY Av`vq msµvšÍ cÖPwjZ Ab¨vb¨ AvB‡bi weav‡bi
mwnZ AmsMwZc~Y© weavq Gi cwie‡Z© Rwigvbv wظY ch©šÍ Kivi Ges Kviv`‡Ûi †gqv` GK eQi K‡Vvi
8
(harsh) weavq GB †gqv‡`i cwie‡Z© 6 (Qq) gvm ch©šÍ Kivi weavb Kiv Avek¨K| GKB mv‡_ 141 avivi
clause (c) ‡Z `vqiv Av`vjZ‡K cÖ`Ë GLwZqvi ms‡kvabµ‡g 1g †kÖYxi RywWwmqvj g¨vwR‡÷ªU ev
‡g‡UªvcwjUb g¨vwR‡÷ªU†K GLwZqvi cÖ`vb Kiv Avek¨K| KviY, G ai‡bi gvgjv A‡bKUvB GKB ai‡bi
ev euvavaiv (Stereotyped) wbq‡gi|
FY cÖ`vbKv‡j ‡Kej ¯vÿwiZ AwjwLZ ‡PK RvgvbZ ivLvi AvBbMZ Ae¯’vb:
‡`‡ki wewfbœ †dŠR`vwi Av`vj‡Z Kg©iZ wePviKMY, AvBbRxex, wePvicÖv_©x I mswkøó Av`vjZ gvidZ cÖvß
Z_¨ n‡Z †`Lv hvq, ‡PK wWRAbvi msµvšÍ (The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi aviv
138) AwaKvsk †dŠR`vwi gvgjv e¨vsKmn wewfbœ Avw_©K cÖwZôvb I FY cÖ`vbKvix GbwRI mg~n KZ…©K
FYMÖnxZv‡`i weiæ‡× `v‡qiK…Z| FY cÖ`vbKvix e¨vsK, Avw_©K cÖwZôvb I GbwRI mg~n FY cÖ`vbKv‡j
FYMÖnxZv n‡Z wKw Íi mg cwigvb †Kej ¯vÿwiZ AwjwLZ (UvKvi AsK I ZvwiL e¨wZ‡i‡K) †PK RvgvbZ
(collateral security) wnmv‡e ‡i‡L †`q, hv cieZ©x‡Z wb‡R‡`i myweavgZ e¨envi K‡i| AwaKvsk †ÿ‡ÎB
wKw Í cwi‡kv‡ai ciI my`mn mvKzj¨ F‡Yi UvKv D‡jø‡L RvgvbZ wnmv‡e ivLv Ac~iYK…Z ev duvKv †PKmg~n
(‡Kej ¯vÿwiZ) e¨envi K‡i mswkøó e¨vs‡K Dc¯’vc‡bi gva¨‡g wWRAbvi Kwi‡q The Negotiable
Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 138 avivq †dŠR`vwi gvgjv `v‡qi Kiv nq| G‡Z FYMÖnxZvMY
mvgvwRKfv‡e nqivbxmn Avw_©K ÿwZi m¤§~Lxb nb| A_P G AvB‡bi D‡Ïk¨ Zv bq|
e¨vsK-‡Kv¤úvbx AvBb, 1991 Gi 7 avivq e¨vsK †Kv¤úvbxi Kvh©vejx ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| D³ avivi (L) Dcavivq
ÔRvgvbZ jBqv ev RvgvbZ e¨wZ‡i‡K AMÖxg A_© ev KR© cÖ`vbÕ †K e¨vsK †Kv¤úvbxi Ab¨Zg Kvh©vejx wnmv‡e
D‡jøL Kiv nq|
e¨vsK-‡Kv¤úvbx AvBb, 1991 Gi 2(Z) avivq e¨vsK e¨emvi msÁvq ejv n‡q‡Q- Òe¨vsK e¨emvÓ A_© KR©
cÖ`vb ev wewb‡qv‡Mi D‡Ï‡k¨ Rbmvavi‡bi wbKU nB‡Z UvKvi GBiƒc AvgvbZ MÖnY Kiv, hvnv PvwnevgvÎ ev
Ab¨ †Kvbfv‡e cwi‡kva‡hvM¨ Ges †PK, WªvdU, Av‡`k ev Ab¨ †Kvb c×wZ‡Z cÖZ¨vnvi‡hvM¨|
GKB AvB‡bi 2(O) avivq ÔRvgvbZx FY ev AwMÖgÕ Gi msÁvq ejv n‡q‡Q- ÔRvgvbZx FY ev AwMÖgÕ A_©
†mB FY ev AwMÖg hvnv m¤ú‡`i RvgvbZ MÖnY Kwiqv cÖ`vb Kiv nq Ges D³ m¤ú‡`i evRvi g~j¨ †Kvb
mg‡qB F‡Yi cwigv‡bi PvB‡Z Kg nq bv, Ges ÔARvgvbZx FY ev AwMÖgÕ A_© †mB FY ev AwMÖg ev Dnvi
H Ask hvnvi wecix‡Z †Kvb RvgvbZ MÖnY Kiv nq bv|
Avw_©K cÖwZôvb AvBb, 1993 Gi 14 avivq FY myweav BZ¨vw` m¤úwK©Z evav-wb‡la Av‡ivc Kwiqv (1) Dc-
avivq ejv nBqv‡QÑÒ†Kvb Avw_©K cÖwZôvbÑ(K) Ggb †Kvb AvgvbZ MÖnY Kwi‡e bv hvnv †PK, WªvdU A_ev
AvgvbZKvixi Av‡`‡ki gva¨‡g PvwnevgvÎ cwi‡kva‡hvM¨;Ó
The Penal Code (Act No. XLV of 1860) Gi 464 avivq _vKv Illustrations (c) I (d)
wb¤œiƒc:
(c) A picks up a cheque on a banker signed by B, payable to bearer, but without any sum
having been inserted in the cheque. A fraudulently fills up the cheque by inserting the
sum of ten thousand taka. A commits forgery.
9
(d) A leaves with B, his agent, a cheque on a banker, signed by A, without inserting the
sum payable and authorizes B to fill up the cheque by inserting a sum not exceeding ten
thousand taka for the purpose of making certain payments. B fraudulently fills up the
cheque by inserting the sum of twenty thousand taka. B commits forgery.
Dc‡iv³ ywU D`vniY †gvZv‡eK F‡Yi wecix‡Z RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e ivLv AwjwLZ (†Kej ¯vÿwiZ) †PK
cieZ©x‡Z Zv B‡”QgZ c~iY K‡i e¨envi Kiv The Penal Code (Act No. XLV of 1860) Gi 463
avivq ewY©Z Aciva ÔRvwjqvwZÕi mvwgj Ges GKB AvB‡bi 464 avivq kvw ͇hvM¨|
Kvh©Zt e¨vsKmn Ab¨vb¨ Avw_©K cÖwZôvbmg~n F‡Yi wecix‡Z Ab¨vb¨ Rvgvb‡Zi (Rwgi `wjj BZ¨vw`) mv‡_
mv‡_ wKw Íi mg cwigvb AwjwLZ (†Kej ^vÿwiZ) †PK RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e FYMÖwnZv n‡Z MÖnY K‡i| FYMÖwnZv
†Ljvwc n‡j FY Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Rwg/evwoi `wjj BZ¨vw` e¨envi K‡i A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003 Gi
weavb Abyhvqx A_©FY Av`vj‡Z †`Iqvbx gvgjv Ges GKB mv‡_ AwjwLZ (†Kej ^vÿwiZ) †PKmg~n e¨envi
K‡i The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivi
weavb Abyhvqx Avgj MÖnYKvix g¨vwR‡÷ªU Av`vj‡Z †dŠR`vwi gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i| A‡bK †ÿ‡Î FYMÖwnZv
w`‡knviv n‡q mycÖxg †KvU© Gi nvB‡KvU© wefv‡M ixU gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i| G‡Z gvgjvi msL¨v AhvwPZfv‡e
e„w× ‡c‡q gvgjvRU m„w÷ nq| Ab¨w`‡K, 138 avivq gvgjv `v‡q‡ii g~j D‡Ïk¨ e¨vnZ nq, Dfq c‡ÿi
e¨q e„w× cvq|
†PK Rvgvb‡Zi msÁvf~³ bq| Ac~iYK…Z ev duvKv †PK (†Kej ¯^vÿwiZ) F‡Yi wecix‡Z RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e
ivLvi †Kvb AvBbMZ ¯xK…wZ †Kv_vI †bB| ¯vÿwiZ duvKv †P‡K UvKvi cwigvb I ZvwiL D‡jøL bv _vKvq Zv
ˆea Òwewbgq‡hvM¨ `wjjÓ Gi ch©v‡q c‡o bv| myZivs FY cÖ`vbKv‡j MÖnxZvi KvQ †_‡K RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e
c~iYK…Z ev ¯vÿwiZ wKš‘ AwjwLZ †PK ev duvKv †PK MÖnY Kiv AvBb m¤§Z bq|
Ac~iYK„Z (‡Kej ¯vÿwiZ) †PK RvgvbZ ivLv m¤ú‡K© D”P Av`vj‡Zi wm×všÍ:
F‡Yi wecix‡Z Ac~iYK…Z (‡Kej ¯vÿwiZ) †PK RvgvbZ wnmv‡e ivLv Ges H †PK wWRAbvi n‡j The
Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivi weavb
cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e wKbv †m cÖm‡½ evsjv‡`k I fvi‡Zi D”P Av`vjZmg~‡ni wb¤œiƒc wm×všÍ i‡q‡Q-
evsjv‡`k:
gnvgvb¨ mycÖxg †KvU© Gi nvB‡KvU© wefvM Mohammad Ali Fatik vs State and another, 66
DLR (2014), 228 gvgjvq wm×všÍ cÖ`vb K‡ib †h,
“21. Moreso, from the materials on record it has been found that the cheque was
drawn some time in 2004 and it was presented in the Bank in the month of
September, 2007 i.e. beyond the period of six months from the date on which it was
drawn. A cheque receiving in the year 2004, filling up the various columns later on,
at the sweet will of the complainant, if presented in the Bank after long gap of 3/4
years, undoubtedly the same is a fraud upon the drawer of the cheque and if this
10
Court allows to continue such practice, that would be sheer indulgence to the
creditors to be more oppressive to the debtors.
23. In fact, a blank signed cheque is generally taken by a creditor from the debtors
in order to create more and more pressure so that the debtors make the payment of
the craditors but whenever a cheque is drawn for making of payment as provided in
section 138 of the NI Act and when the same is bounced, the section 138 of the NI
Act will come to play its role.”
A_©vr Awf‡hvMKvix KZ…©K FY MÖwnZv n‡Z d uvKv †PK MÖn‡Yi Zvi Kjvg¸‡jv wb‡Ri B‡”Q Abyhvqx c~iY K‡i
3/4 eQi ci e¨vsK-G Dc¯’vcb Kiv wbtm‡›`‡n †PK `vZvi mv‡_ cÖZvibv Ges hw` Av`vjZ G ai‡bi
cÖ¨vKwUm Aby‡gv`b K‡ib, Zv n‡e FY `vZv‡`i cÖwZ wbQK D`vmxbZv hv FY MÖwnZv‡`i Dci AZ¨vPv‡ii
gvÎv evwo‡q w`‡e| g~jZt FY MÖwnZv n‡Z F‡Yi UvKv Av`v‡q Pvc cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨B FY `vZv †Kej ¯vÿwiZ,
AwjwLZ †PK MÖnY K‡ib wKš‘ hLb Zv NI Act Gi 138 avivi weavb Abyhvqx K¨vk Kivi Rb¨ e¨vs‡K
Dc ’vcb Kiv nq Ges Zv Acwi‡kvwaZfv‡e †diZ Av‡m, ZLb D³ aviv Zvi g~j f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
GQvovI Dr Shaymal Baidya vs Islami Bank Bangladesh Ltd and another, 66 DLR
(2014), 547 gvgjvi iv‡q nvB‡KvU© wefvM D‡jøL K‡ib-
ÒWhenever a cheque is drawn by a person in order to make payment of any
amount, the amount must be given in it by the drawer of the cheque. Since the
amount was not given by the drawer of the cheque having no intention for making
any payment, such a cheque cannot be considered as a cheque to serve the purpose
of section 138 of the NI Act………..Thus the role of the Bank does not appear to
be good than that of the oppressive and cruel creditors. The creditors in many cases
used to travel even earth to heaven to collect their debts leaving no stone untouched
and the Bank also behaving like the same after obtaining the judgment in the case
for Taka 9,84,918 which has already been deposited by the accused by the order
of the Court again filed the case under the provision of Artha Rin Adalat Ain, 2003
against the appellant.”
A_©vr hLb †Kvb †PK K¨vk Kivi Rb¨ e¨vs‡K Rgv †`qv nq Zv‡Z Aek¨B †PK `vZv KZ…©K UvKvi cwigvb
wjwLZ _vK‡Z n‡e| hLb †Kvb cvIbv cwi‡kv‡ai B”Qv e¨wZ‡i‡K †PK `vZv †P‡K UvKvi cwigvb wj‡Lb bv,
Giƒc †PK NI Act Gi 138 avivi D‡Ï‡k¨ cÖ`Ë e‡j we‡ePbv Kiv hv‡e bv.................G‡ÿ‡Î e¨vs‡Ki
f~wgKv AZ¨vPvix I wbôzi FY `vZvi †P‡q DËg bq| A‡bK †ÿ‡Î FY `vZvMY FY Av`v‡qi Rb¨ gZ©¨ n‡Z
¯M© ch©šÍ ågb K‡i mKj cÖ‡Póv Pvjvq Ges e¨vsK GKB iKg AvPiY K‡i 984918 UvKvi ivq †c‡q,
Avmvgx KZ…©K D³ UvKv Rgv †`qv ¯‡Ë¡I, A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003 Abyhvqx AvcxjKvixi weiæ‡×
gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i‡Q|
evsjv‡`‡ki mycÖxg †KvU© Gi nvB‡KvU© wefvM Dc‡iv³ ywU gvgjvi iv‡q FY `vZv (e¨w³, e¨vsK ev Avw_©K
cÖwZôvb) KZ…©K F‡Yi wecix‡Z AwjwLZ (‡Kej ¯vÿwiZ) †PK ivLv AvBb m¤§Z bq g‡g© Ges Giƒc †P‡Ki
†ÿ‡Î The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivi
weavb cÖ‡hvR¨ bq g‡g© eywS‡q‡Qb|
11
fviZ:
Joseph Vilangadan v. Phenomenal Health Care Services Ltd. & Anr. gvgjvq Bombay
High Court wm×všÍ cÖ`vb K‡ib †h, RvgvbZ wnmv‡e cÖ`Ë †PK wWRAbvi nB‡j The Negotiable
Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivq †Kvb Aciva msNwUZ nq
bv| Travel Force v. Mohan N. Bhave and Another 2007 Mh.L.J.3339 gvgjvq
Maharashtra High Court; M.S. Narayana Menon@Mani v. State of Kerala and
Another (2006) 6 SCC 39 I ICDS Limited v. Beena Shabeer and Another (2002) 6
SCC 426 gvgjvq Supreme Court of India GKB iKg wm×všÍ cÖ`vb K‡ib|
Dc‡iv³ gvgjvq fviZxq mycÖxg †KvU © Zvi iv‡qi 52 `dvq e‡jb: Ò.......if a cheque is issued for
security or for any other purpose the same would not come within the perview
of section 138 of the Act.”
D‡jøL¨ †h, evsjv‡`k e¨vsK KZ©„cÿ weMZ 12/02/2017 wLª. Zvwi‡Li GdAvBwmGmwW mvK©yjvi
†jUvi bs-01 G evsjv‡`‡k Kvh©iZ mKj Zdwmjx e¨vsK‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i D‡jøL K‡ib-
ÒGQvov, m¤úªwZ GgAvBwmAvi †P‡Ki †ÿ‡Î cÖZviYv I Rvj-RvwjqvwZ e„w× cvIqvq FY ev wewb‡qv‡Mi wecix‡Z
duvKv †PK RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e MÖnY bv Kivi Rb¨I civgk© cÖ`vb Kiv hv‡”Q|Ó
GgZve ’vq, ‡Kvb Avw_©K cÖwZôvb ev FY cÖ`vbKvix GbwRI KZ…©K FY cÖ`vbKv‡j F‡Yi wecix‡Z
RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e †Kvb †PK ivLv hv‡e bv g‡g© 138 avivq kZ© (proviso) ms‡hvRb Kiv eZ©gvb †cÖÿvc‡U
LyeB Riæix n‡q D‡V‡Q|
Dch©y³ Ae ’vi †cÖwÿ‡Z AvBbwU‡K hy‡Mvc‡hvMx Kivi j‡ÿ¨ AvBb Kwgkb wb¤œiƒc mycvwik Ki‡Q-
1| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivq
ewY©Z Kviv`Û I Rwigvbvi cwigvb Kwg‡q Avbv:- we`¨gvb 138 avivq ewY©Z Kviv`Û I Rwigvbvi cwigvb
nj GK eQi ch©šÍ Kviv`Û, A_ev mswkøó †P‡K ewY©Z UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv, A_ev Dfq cÖKvi `Û|
G AvBb g~jZt ‡`Iqvbx cÖK…wZi| 1994 mv‡ji The Negotiable Instruments (Amendment)
Act, 1994 (Act No.XIX of 1994) Øviv Ach©vß Znwej RwbZ Kvi‡Y †PK wWRAbvi nIqv‡K Aciva
M‡Y¨ G AvBb‡K Quasi Criminal Kiv n‡q‡Q| A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003 Gi 34 aviv Abyhvqx
Awbw ©ó cwigvb wWwµi UvKv cwi‡kv‡a e¨_©Zvi Rb¨ Av`vjZ `vwqK‡K m‡e©v”P 6 (Qq) gvm †`Iqvbx
AvUKv‡`k w`‡Z cv‡ib|
12
†`‡k cÖPwjZ Ab¨ †Kvb AvB‡bB wظ‡Yi †ekx Rwigvbvi weavb bvB| Z ycwi, MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki
msweavb Gi Aby‡”Q` 35 Dc-Aby‡”Q` (5) ‡`‡ki bvMwiKMY‡K hš¿Yv wKsev wbôzi, AgvbywlK ev jvÂbvKi
`Û †`Iqv hvB‡e bv g‡g© wePvi I `Û m¤úwK©Z myiÿv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q|
myZivs †`‡ki bvMwiK‡`i wePvi I `Û m¤úwK©Z Dch©y³ mvsweavwbK myiÿv wbwðZ KiYv‡_© AšÍZtc‡ÿ
138 avivq ewY©Z Kviv`Û GK eQi ch©šÍ n‡Z Kwg‡q 6 (Qq) gvm ch©šÍ Ges Rwigvbv mswkøó †P‡K ewY©Z
UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ n‡Z Kwg‡q wظY ch©šÍ Kiv hyw³hy³ I gvbweK n‡e|
2| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivq
ci †PK (Cheque) RvgvbZ bv ivLv msµvšÍ bZzb kZ© (proviso) ms‡hvRb:- †Kej ¯vÿwiZ duvKv †PK
(Blank Cheque) e¨envi msµvšÍ †Kvb weavb GB AvB‡b bvB| FY vZv (e¨w³, e¨vsK ev Avw_©K cÖwZôvb)
KZ…©K FYMÖwnZv n‡Z F‡Yi wecix‡Z AwjwLZ (‡Kej ¯vÿwiZ) †PK †i‡L cieZ©x‡Z Zv wb‡R‡`i B‡”QgZ
c~iY K‡i mswkøó e¨vs‡K Dc¯’vcb c~e©K wWRAbvi Kwi‡q 138 avivq ‡dŠR`vix gvgjv Ges GKB F‡Yi
wecix‡Z RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e ivLv Rwg/evoxi wjj BZ¨vw` e¨envi K‡i A_©FY Av`vj‡Z †`Iqvbx gvgjv v‡qi
K‡i| G‡Z FYMÖwnZv gvivZ¥K †fvMvwšÍi wkKvi nq| A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003 Gi 5 aviv Abyhvqx,
Ab¨ †Kvb AvB‡b hv wKQzB _vKzK bv †Kb Avw_©K cÖwZôv‡bi FY Av`vq m¤úwK©Z hveZxq gvgjv GKB AvB‡bi
4 avivi Aax‡b cÖwZwôZ, †NvwlZ ev MY¨ nIqv A_©FY Av`vj‡Z `v‡qi Ki‡Z n‡e Ges H Av`vj‡ZB
welqwUi wb®úwË n‡e|
evsjv‡`k I fvi‡Zi D”P Av`vjZmg~n wewfbœ iv‡q FY cÖ`vbKv‡j FY MÖnxZvi KvQ †_‡K ¯vÿwiZ wKš‘
AwjwLZ ev duvKv †PK MÖnY Kiv AvBb m¤§Z bq g‡g© Ges Giƒc †P‡Ki †ÿ‡Î The Negotiable
Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivi weavb cÖ‡hvR¨ bq g‡g©
D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| Z ycwi, The Penal Code (Act No. XLV of 1860) Gi 464 avivq _vKv
Illustrations (c) I (d) ‡gvZv‡eK F‡Yi wecix‡Z RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e ivLv AwjwLZ (†Kej ¯vÿwiZ) †PK
cieZ©x‡Z Zv B‡”QgZ c~iY K‡i e¨envi Kiv The Penal Code (Act No. XLV of 1860) Gi 463
avivq ewY©Z Aciva RvwjqvwZi mvwgj Ges GKB AvB‡bi 464 avivq kvw ͇hvM¨|
GgZve ’vq, F‡Yi wecix‡Z RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e †Kvb †PK ivLv hv‡e bv g‡g© kZ© (proviso) 138 avivq
ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡j AhvwPZ gvgjvi msL¨v n«vm †c‡q Pjgvb gvgjvRU wbim‡b mnvqK n‡e|
3| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 141 avivq
ewY©Z wePvwiK Av`vjZ cwieZ©b:- we`¨gvb 141 avivi Clause (c) ‡Z ewY©Z weavb Abyhvqx, `vqiv
Av`vj‡Zi bx‡Pi †Kvb Av`vjZ 138 avivq kvw ͇hvM¨ Aciv‡ai wePvi Ki‡e bv| vqiv Av`vjZmg~n wewfbœ
cÖKvi RwUj †`Iqvbx I †dŠR`vix gvgjvi fv‡i fvivµvšÍ| 138 avivi gvgjvmg~n euvavaiv (Stereotyped)
wbq‡gi, A‡cÿvK…Z mij I Aí mg‡q wb®úwˇhvM¨| G avivi Aciv‡ai we`¨gvb kvw Í m‡e©v”P GK eQ‡ii
Kviv`Û, A_ev mswkøó †P‡K ewY©Z UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv, A_ev Dfq cÖKvi `Û|
13
Ab¨w`‡K, 1g †kÖYxi RywWwmqvj g¨vwR‡÷ªU ev ‡g‡UªvcwjUb g¨vwR‡÷ªU Gi Kviv`Û cÖ`v‡bi mvavib ÿgZv
m‡e©v”P 07 (mvZ ermi), we‡kl we‡kl †ÿ‡Î AviI †ekx| cvk¦©eZ©x †`k fvi‡Z GB ch©v‡qi wePviKMYB
The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi Aax‡b `v‡qiK…Z gvgjvmg~n wePvi K‡ib|
GgZve ’vq The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 141avivi clause (c) ‡Z `vqiv
Av`vjZ‡K cÖ`Ë GLwZqvi ms‡kvabµ‡g 1g †kÖYxi RywWwmqvj g¨vwR‡÷ªU ev ‡g‡UªvcwjUb g¨vwR‡÷ªU†K
GLwZqvi cÖ`vb Kiv n‡j GKw`‡K `vqiv Av`vjZmg~n fvigy³ n‡q RwUj gvgjvmg~n wb®úwË K‡i gvgjvRU
eûjvs‡k n«vm cv‡e Ges Ab¨w`‡K, 138 avivi gvgjvmg~n A‡cÿvK…Z Kg mg‡q wb®úwË n‡q wePvicÖv_©x I
Avmvgxi †fvMvwšÍi jvNe n‡e|
4| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivq
ewY©Z Aciva‡K Av‡cvl‡hvM¨ (compoundable) KiY: we`¨gvb 138 avivq ewY©Z Kviv`Û I Rwigvbvi
cwigvb nj GK eQi ch©šÍ Kviv`Û, A_ev mswkøó †P‡K ewY©Z UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv, A_ev Dfq
cÖKvi `Û| wKš‘ 138 avivi AcivawU Av‡cvl‡hvM¨ bq| The Code of Criminal Procedure,
1898 (Act No. V of 1898) Gi 345 avivq The Penal Code (Act No. XLV of 1860) G
ewY©Z KZK Aciva‡K (†h¸‡jvi m‡e©v”P mvRv 07 eQi ev Zvi bx‡P) Av‡cvl‡hvM¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
myZivs 138 avivi AcivawU Av‡cvl‡hvM¨ Kiv n‡j GKw`‡K †hgb ªæZZvi mv‡_ gvgjv wb®úwË n‡q
cÿM‡Yi ~‡f©vM jvNe n‡e, Ab¨w`‡K †`‡ki †dŠR`vix Av`vjZ¸‡jvi gvgjvRU n«vm cv‡e|
DwjøwLZ AvB‡bi ms‡kvabx cÖYq‡b mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ ‡`‡ki wewfbœ †dŠR`vwi Av`vj‡Z Kg©iZ
wePviKMY, AvBbRxexMY, fz³‡fvMx bvMwiKMYmn mswkøó mK‡ji cÖwZ AvBb Kwgkb K…ZÁZv Ávcb Ki‡Q|
(wePvicwZ G. wU. Gg. dR‡j Kexi)
m`m¨
(wePvicwZ G. we. Gg. Lvqiæj nK )
‡Pqvig¨vb
14
Lmov wej:
AvBb Kwgk‡bi Dc‡iv³ mycvwi‡ki Av‡jv‡K The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT
NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi ms‡kvab K‡í wb‡¤œv³ Lmov wej mshy³ Kiv n‡jv:-
The Negotiable Instruments (Amendment) Act, 2018
(Act No. --- Of 2018)
‡h‡nZz ewY©Z D‡Ïk¨mg~n c~iYK‡í The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT
NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi AwaKZi ms‡kvab mgxPxb I cÖ‡qvRbxq;
‡m‡nZz GZ &Øviv wb¤œiƒc AvBb Kiv nBjt-
1| mswÿß wk‡ivbvg I cÖeZ©b|- (1) GB AvBb The Negotiable Instruments (Amendment)
Act, 2018 bv‡g AwfwnZ nB‡e|
(2) Bnv Awej‡¤ Kvh©Ki nB‡e|
2| ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881 Gi section 138 Gi ms‡kvab|- The Negotiable
Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881), AZtci D³ Act ewjqv DwjøwLZ, Gi
Section 138 Gi Sub-section (1) Gi †kl jvB‡bi Av‡Mi jvB‡b _vKv “one year” kã ywUi
¯’‡j “six months” kã ywU cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nB‡e;
3| D³ Act Gi Section 138 Gi Sub-section (1) Gi †kl jvB‡b _vKv “thrice” kãwUi ’‡j
“twice” kãwU cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nB‡e;
4| D³ Act Gi Section 138 Gi Sub-section (3) Gi ci wb¤œiƒc kZ© (proviso) mwbœ‡ewkZ
nB‡e, h_vt-
“Provided that no bank or financial institution shall receive or take any
cheque(s) as security against a loan.”
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5| ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881 Gi section 141 Gi ms‡kvab|- D³ Act Gi Section 141
Gi Clause (c) Gi ¯’‡j bZzb Clause (c) cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nB‡e, h_vt-
“(c) every offence under section 138 will be compoundable which shall
be considered by the court after hearing both the parties, firstly, at the
time of framing of the charge, secondly, at any stage of the hearing
before pronouncement of the judgement.”
6| D³ Act Gi Section 141 Gi bZzb Clause (c) Gi ci wb¤œiƒc bZyb Clause (d) mwbœ‡ewkZ
nB‡e, h_vt-
“(d) no court inferior to that of a Metropolitan Magistrate or a Judicial
Magistrate of the first class shall try any offence punishable under
section 138.”
¯^vÿwiZ /= 31.12.2017
(wePvicwZ G. wU. Gg. dR‡j Kexi)
m`m¨
¯^vÿwiZ /= 31.12.2017
(wePvicwZ G. we. Gg. Lvqiæj nK )
‡Pqvig¨vb
16