the muslim world. the rise of islam p263-265 arabian peninsula- crossroads for 3 continents: trade...
TRANSCRIPT
THE MUSLIM WORLD
The Rise Of Islam p263-265 • Arabian Peninsula- crossroads for 3 continents:
• trade routes of land/sea—exchange of ideas/ goods
Europe, Africa, Asia
• Arabs developed a ____________ lifestyle b/c of the lack of arable land
• Bedouins-
nomadic
Desert nomads
The Prophet Muhammad• As Mohammad
meditated in a ____________ outside of the city of ___________ the angel Gabriel appeared & told him that he was to be a messenger of god (___________)
cave
Mecca
Allah
• Muhammad had ___________success teaching about Allah;
• The ____________: In 622, Muhammad & his followers moved to the town of Yathrib (changed to ____________- “city of the prophet”); is very successful; returned to take the city of __________ in 630 with 10,000 followers
little
Hijrah
Medina
Mecca
Beliefs&PracticesOf Islam p267-268 • Islam literally means:
_______________________________________• A member of Islam is a ___________ (one who submits)• The main teaching of Islam is: there is ___ god, ______• Other Beliefs: in angels
– in a day of judgment
– god controls everything
– good/ evil
Submission to the will of godMuslim
1 Allah
The Five Pillars of Islam:•
1. Shahadah (Faith) to become a Muslim, one must testify the following statement of faith: “There is no god but Allah & Muhammad is his messenger”
• 2. Salah (Prayer) Muslims pray 5 times a day facing the city of Mecca;
– a Mosque is an Islamic house of worship
• 3. Zakah (Alms) charity given to the poor; about 2 ½% income
• 4. Sawm (Fasting) during the holy month of Ramadan; Muslims do not eat/drink between sun up/ sun down; this is to remind them that their spiritual needs are greater than their physicalneeds
• 5. Hajj (Pilgrimage) a religious journey to Mecca
• Do not eat _________- believe it is unclean• Do not drink __________• Holy day- __________• NO PRIEST OR CENTRAL
RELIGIOUS AUTHORITY• Holy book- _________• ________- Muhammad’s example- the best model for
proper living; WWMD?• _________- body of Islamic law that regulates the family
life, moral conduct, & business/ community life of Muslims
Pork
Alcohol Friday
Quran
Sunna
Shari’a
Pause Here
• 3/4– 1. What is the Arabic word for God? – 2. List the 5 pillars of Islam & summarize what
they entail. – 3. In what peninsula did Islam begin? – 4. What do Muslims think about the Bible and
the Torah?
• FYI: QUIZ Thursday (it might be hard)
3/4 Warm up
1. What are the five pillars of Islam?
2. What does “Islam” Mean?
3. What is one new thing you learned about
Islam yesterday?
4. Draw three pictures that best summarize
Muhammad’s story.
Day 2: Islam Expands p269-272
• 632 Muhammad died without leaving a successor
• Four “rightly guided” caliphs (leader) knew Muhammad
• Abu-Bakr -used force to assert authority of Islam
• Umar, Uthman, & Ali (next 3 “rightly guided” caliphs)
• Islamic soldiers on camels expanded the Muslim empire
• By 750, the Muslim Empire stretched 6,000 miles
– (from the Atlantic Ocean to the Indus River Valley)
Treatment of Conquered People
• Didn’t force conversion to Islam • “People of the Book”:
___________________________________– paid more in ______; exempt from __________
Jews & Christianstaxes military
• Umayyad family came to power – created a hereditary system of rule– moved capital to Damascus
• • Islam split into 3 sects: • Shi’a: believed caliph didn’t need to know/be related to
Muhammad/ rightly guided caliphs• Sunni: believed caliph should be related to
Muhammad/ rightly guided caliphs• Sufi: a Muslim who seeks to
achieve direct contact with god through mystical means
•
Muslim Culture p 273- 279
• The Rise of Muslim Cities (900)
– Baghdad* 900,000
– Constantinople* 400,000
– Codobal* 250,000
– Rome 50,000
– Paris 38,000
• Abbasid Dynasty moved the capital to Iraq
Social Classes
• Upper Class:
• 2nd Class:
• 3rd Class:
• Lowest Classes:
Muslims at birthConverts to Islam
“People of the Book” (Jews & Christians)
Non Muslim/ slaves
Role of Women • Mixed messages in the
• Had property/economic rights than European women
• Responsibilities varied based on
• Could participate in public life/education- led increasingly life
• All Muslim women have to cover their face in public
Quran
more
income
isolated
do not
Muslim Scholarship• Muslims preserved
scholarship as ______________ fell into a period of chaos after the fall of the ___________________
• __________________a library, school, translation center in Baghdad
• Advances made in Math, Science, Astronomy• Arabic Numerals ex._________• Al-jabr=______________________• Writing _________ dates make to the Muslim
Empire
Europe
Roman Empire
House of Wisdom
1,2,3,4,5Algebra checks
Islamic Art
• Quran forbade the depiction of living thing b/c only can create life– Calligraphy- – Geometric Patterns
Allah–the art of beautiful hand writing
“In the name of Allah, most merciful, most kind”
