The Middle Ages (A.D. 450-1300)

Introduction

Comparing Literary Works

Frederick Goldin, trans. r from the Song of Roland ....... ..... ......... .. ... .... ...... .......... France .... .. ... Epic

A.T. Hatto, trans. from The Nibelungenlied: How Siegfried Was Slain .... Germany .. .. . Epic

Reading Informational Materials: Interviews

544

556

566

Shane L. Amaya from ComicFan ............................ United States ...... .. .. .. .......... Interview 578

Chretien de Troyes

Marie de France

Comparing Literary Works

r from Perceval: The Grail ................................ . France ....... .............. Poem

The Lay ofthe Werewolf ................................ France .. .. ... ..... Short Story

Connections: Literature Past and Present

584

596

Sir Galahad .................................................... England .... ...... ..... ... . Poem 606

Dante Alighieri from the Divine Comedy: Inferno

Canto I: The Dark Wood of Error ................... . ltaly ... ..... ...... .. .. Epic Poem 613

Canto Ill: The Vestibule of Hell ... .. ... ... ..... ....... ltaly .............. .... Epic Poem 619

Canto V: Circle Two .......... .. .... ....... .. .. .. .... ....... ltaly ............ .... .. Epic Poem 629

Canto XXXIV: Ninth Circle .... .. .. ... ..... .. ............ Italy .................... Epic Poem 637

A Closer Look The Art of Translation........... ...... .... .... ........... ........ ......... ...... .. .. ................. 648

SKILLS WORKSHOPS

Writing About Literature: Evaluate Literary Themes .............................................................. 650

Writing Workshop: Research: Research Paper ......................................................................... 652

Listening and Speaking Workshop: Analyzing the Impact of Media ................. .. .. ........ .... .. 658

Assessment Workshop: Comparing and Contrasting ............................................................. 659

SUGGESTIONS FOR SUSTAINED READING from Penguin Group (USA)

Related World Literature: Dante Alighieri, The Divine Comedy: Paradiso Snorri Sturluson, Egil's Saga

Related British Literature: Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales Related American Literature: Mark Twain, A Connecticut Yankee in King

Arthur's Court

Other Suggestions: A. T. Hatto, The Nibelungenlied Glyn S. Burgess, The Song of Roland

For more information on these and other Penguin Group (USA) titles, see pages R1-R6. You may want to consult your teacher before choosing one of these books.

Contents + xiii

The Renaissance and Rationalism (1300-1800)

Introduction .. ... ............ .. .. .... .... ............................. ........ ..... .. . -. .......... ............ .. .. .. .. .. ...... 662

The Renaissance

Comparing Literary Works

Petrarch from Canzoniere

Laura ................................................... Italy ................ .. ..... ... .. ... .. ...... Poem 675

The White Doe ....... .. ..... ...... ... .. ... ........ Italy .... .......... ...... ......... ... ... .. Poem 676

Spring ................................................. Italy ..................................... Poem 677

Pierre de Ronsard To Helene ...... ....... ... ......... .. .. .... .......... France .......... .............. ... ..... Poem 678

Roses ........ ................. .... ........ ...... ....... France ................................ Poem 680

Connections: Literature Past and Present William Shakespeare Sonnet 29 ................ .. ....... ...... .... ..... .... .. ........ .... England .............. Poem 684

Sonnet 116 ........ .. .... .. .. ...... .... ...... .... .... .............. England .............. Poem 685

Giovanni Boccaccio from the Decameron: Federigo's Falcon ......... .. .. Italy ............ Short Story 688

Miguel de Cervantes from Don Quixote

Chapter 1. ............. ..... .. .... ......... ...... .. ... Spain ..... .. .... - ............ ........ Fiction 700

from Chapter VII .... ..................... ...... Spain ........................ ........ Fiction 708

from Chapter VIII ................................ Spain ........................ ........ Fiction 711

xiv + Contents

The Age of Rationalism

Jean de La Fontaine

Comparing Literary Works

rThe Fox and the Crow .......... ........ ........ .. .. . France .......................... Fable

The Oak and the Reed ....... .... ................... . France .... .... ... ....... .. .... .. Fable

A Closer look

720

722

Great Minds Do Not Think Alike ......... ...... .... .. ... .. .... ..... .... ........ .. ..... .... ..... 728

Voltaire from Candide

Chapter I ... ................. .. .. ... ..... .. .... .. ... ........ France ... .......... ...... ..... Fiction 732

Chapter 11 ..... ........ .. ................................. ... France ....... ...... ........... Fiction 734

Reading Informational Materials: Feature Articles Holland Cotter Leonardo: The Eye, The Hand, The Mind ... United States ... Feature Article 740

SKILLS WORKSHOPS

Writing About Literature: Analyze Literary Periods ................................................................ 746

Writing Workshop: Exposition: Comparison-and-Contrast Essay ................................ ... ........ 7 48

Listening and Speaking Workshop: Presenting a Literary Interpretation ............................ 752

Assessment Workshop: Critical Reasoning .... .... ..... ................... .. ................. ........... ..... .. ........ 753

SUGGESTIONS FOR SUSTAINED READING from Penguin Group (USA)

Related World Literature: Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince

Jean-Baptiste Moliere, Tartuffe and Other Plays

Related British Literature: William Shakespeare, The Tempest

Related American Literature: John Tanner, The Falcon

Dava Sobel, Galileo's Daughter

Other Suggestions: Voltaire, Candide

Miguel de Cervantes, Don Quixote

For more information on these and other Penguin Group (USA) titles, see pages R1-R6. You may want to consult your teacher before choosing one of these books.

Contents + xv

Romanticism and Realism (1800-1890)

Introduction .............. ...... ... ..... ............. ....... ... ......... ............... .. .................................... 756

Romanticism Johann Wolfgang

van Goethe from Faust

Prologue in Heaven ........ .. ... .......... ... .... .... ..... ... Germany ............... Drama 768

from The First Part of the Tragedy ................. .. Germany .............. .Drama 773

Connections: Literature Past and Present Christopher Marlowe from The Tragical History of Dr. Faustus

Act 1, Scene 3 .. ........ .......... .......... .............. -..... England ................ Drama 788

Comparing Literary Works

rl Have Visited Again ........................... .... .......... Russia ................. .... Poem

The Lorelei ...... ........................................ ......... Germany ................ Poem

The Lotus Flower ........... .............................. .... Germany ................ Poem

Alexander Pushkin

Heinrich Heine

796

799

800

Victor Hugo from The Expiation: Russia 1812 ..................... France .................... Poem 806

Comparing Literary Works

Charles Baudelaire Invitation to the Voyage .... ........... .... ...... ... .... ... France .... .. .............. Poem 814

The Albatross .......... .. .. .. ... ..... ............... ... ......... France .................... Poem 816

Arthur Rimbaud The Sleeper in the Valley ................................. France ....... .......... ... Poem 817

Ophelia ........ ........................................ ............ France .................... Poem 818

Paul Verlaine Autumn Song ............. ....... .. .......... ................... France ... ................. Poem 822

Realism

Guy de Maupassant

Leo Tolstoy

Anton Chekhov

Henrik Ibsen

xvi • Contents

Comparing Literary Works

rTwo Friends ................................................... ... France .. ......... Short Story

How Much Land Does a Man Need? .. .. .. .... .. .... Russia .......... .. Short Story

A Problem ..... .......................... .. ......... ....... ....... Russia ............ Short Story

828

835

850

A Doll House

Act One ............................. .. ....... .. ................... Norway .............. ... Drama 864

Act Two .............. ....................................... ...... Norway ............. .... Drama 897

Act Three .............. ..... ...................................... Norway ................. Drama 923

A Closer Look The Slamming of the Door................................. ... .... .... .... .... .. ...... ... ..... ... 948

Reading Informational Materials: Critical Reviews

Judd Hollander and Sue Feinberg CurtainUp Guest Review: A Doll's House .. United States .. Critical Review 951

Lloyd Rose A Lot of Baggage for Nora to Carry ......... United States .. Critical Review 953

David Spencer A Doll's House .. ... ... ...... ... .... ... .. .. ........... ... United States .. Critical Review 954

SKILLS WORKSHOPS

Writing About Literature: Compare and Contrast Literary Periods ....................................... 956

Writing Workshop: Response to Literature ...... .. .. ............ .... .. .. .. ...... .. ........ ........ ... .... .......... .. ... 958

Listening and Speaking Workshop: Delivering an Oral Response to Literature .................. 962

Assessment Workshop: Strategy, Organization, and Style ..................................................... 963

SUGGESTIONS FOR SUSTAINED READING from Penguin Group (USA)

Related World Literature: Victor Hugo, The Hunchback of Notre Dame

Nikolai Gogol, Diary of a Madman and Other Stories Related British Literature: Emily Bronte, Wuthering Heights

Related American Literature: Edgar Allan Poe, The Science Fiction of Edgar Allan Poe

Other Suggestion: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Faust

For more information on these and other Penguin Group (USA) titles, see pages R1-R6. You may want to consult your teacher before choosing one of these books.

Contents + xvii

The Modem World (1890-1945)

Introduction 966

Franz Kafka The Metamorphosis ................... ... Czech Republic ................ Short Story 978

Reading Informational Materials: Scientific Texts

Prentice Hall Biology: What Is an Insect? .... United States .... Scientific Texts 1024

_ Comparing Literary Works

Anna Akhmatova Everything Is Plundered .............. ..................... Russia ..................... Poem 1030

I Am Not One of Those Who Left the Land ...... Russia ..................... Poem 1031

Boris Pasternak The Weeping Orchard ............... ..... .............. ... . Russia .. .... ..... .... .... .. Poem 1032

The Drowsy Garden ..... .. .. .............. ......... ......... Russia ...................... Poem 1033

Rainer Maria Rilke The Grownup .............. ... ........ ............... ........... Czech Republic ...... Poem 1034

Interior of the Rose ... ... ...... ..... .. .............. ......... Czech Republic ...... Poem 1035

Archaic Torso of Apollo ......................... ........... Czech Republic ...... Poem 1036

Paul Valery Palm ..................... ......... .. .. ..... ....... ................... France .................... Poem 1037

The Friendly Wood ...... ... .. ..... .... .. .. ..... ............. France .................... Poem 1039

Caesar ........ ... .................... .. .... ...... ....... ...... ... ... France .................... Poem 1040

Colette The Bracelet.. ................................................... France ........... Short Story 1046

Luigi Pirandello War ...... ... .................. ...... ................................. Italy ............... Short Story 1056

Connections: Literature Past and Present Sherwood Anderson The Corn Planting ......................... United States ............ .. ..... Short Story 1064

Comparing Literary Works

Federico Garcia Lorca The Guitar .... .................. ........................... Spain ................. ............ Poem 1072

from Lament for Ignacio Sanchez Mejias: Absent Soul. .. ........ .... .... .. .. ........ ... .......... .. . Spain ...... .. .. ...... ............. Poem 1074

Constantine Cavafy lthaka .... ..................................................... Greece .. ........................ Poem 1076

Fernando Pessoa The Soul With Boundaries ................ ....... .. Portugal ....... ................. Poem 1079

A Closer Look The Nobel Prize: A Dynamite Idea ......... .... .......... ........................ ........ ..... 1084

Manuel Rojas The Glass of Milk .................................... ... Chile .................... Short Story 1088

Comparing Literary Works

Gabriela Mistral Fear .. ............... ........................................... Chile ......... ................... . Poem 1102

The Prayer ........................... .......... .. ....... .. . Chile ............................. Poem 1103

Time ............. ............................................ . Chile ................. ............ Poem 1106

Juan Ramon Jimenez Green ........... .. .... ... ... ...... ..... ...... .. .............. Spain ................. ........ .... Poem 1108

Lightness ........................................ : ............. Spain .. .... .. .... - ...... .. ....... Poem 1109

Mori Ogai Under Reconstruction ............... ......... ........ Japan ................... Short Story 1116

Lu Hsun My Old Home ........ ................. ...... ...... ....... China ................... Short Story 1128

Rabindranath Tagore The Artist ........... .. ... .. .... .. ..................... .. ... India ..................... Short Story 1142

SKILLS WORKSHOPS

Writing About Literature: Compare and Contrast Literary Trends Across Cultures ............ 1152

Writing Workshop: Exposition: Multimedia Report .... .. ......................................................... 1154

Listening and Speaking Workshop: Analyzing a Media Presentation ................................ 1158

Assessment Workshop: Writer's Point of View ...................................................................... 1159

SUGGESTIONS FOR SUSTAINED READING from Penguin Group (USA)

Related World Literature: Herman Hesse, Siddhartha

Related British Literature:

Related American Literature:

Other Suggestion:

Edmond Rostand, Cyrano de Bergerac

James Joyce, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Willa Cather, My Antonia

Franz Kafka, The Transformation and Other Stories

For more information on these and other Penguin Group (USA) titles, see pages R1-R6. You may want to consult your teacher before choosing one of these books.

The Contemporary World (1946 -Present)

Introduction .................. .... ..... ........ .. .......... ............. ... .............. ....... ..... .. .................... ... 1162

Gabriel Garcia Marquez

Comparing Literary Works

r The Handsomest Drowned Man in the World ..... Colombia ..... Short Story 117 4

House Taken Over .............................................. Argentina ..... Short Story 1182 Julio Cortazar

Comparing Literary Works

Octavio Paz Fable .................................. ................... ...... ... Mexico ..................... Poem 1194

Concord .............. ............. ............................ ... Mexico ..................... Poem 1195

Pablo Neruda Sonnet 49 ....... .. .............................................. Chile ........................ Poem 1196

Sonnet 71 ....... .. ... ............ ......... ...................... Chile .... .. ............. ..... Poem 1197

Derek Walcott from Omeros, Chapter XIII .......... .... ........... .... St. Lucia ......... .......... Poem 1198

Jamaica Kincaid

Albert Camus

Gunter Grass

ltalo Calvino

Primo Levi

Elie Wiesel

Nelly Sachs

A Closer Look I, Witness ................................... .. ......... .. ......... ............ ... .................... ... .... 1208

from Annie John: A Walk to the Jetty ............ Antigua ................... Fiction 1212

The Guest ......... ......... .... ...... ..... ...................... France ............. Short Story 1224

Comparing Literary Works

r Folding Chairs ...... .... .. ..... .... .. ...... .. .. ............... Germany .................. Poem 12_44

Food for Prophets ........... ....... ................ .. .... .. Germany .................. Poem 1245

The Garden of Stubborn Cats ...................... .. . ltaly .................. Short Story 1246

Comparing Literary Works

r from Survival in Auschwitz: On the Bottom .... Italy ................... Nonfiction 1260

from Night.. .................................................... Romania ........... Nonfiction 1267

When in earlysummer .... .. ........ ............. ... ... .. . Germany .................. Poem 1276

Reading Informational Materials: Press Releases

Swedish Academy The Nobel Prize in Literature 2002 ................ Sweden ........ Press Release 1280

Czes( aw M ifosz

Wis(awa Szymborska

Alexander Solzhenitsyn

Yevgeny Yevtushenko

Naguib Mahfouz

Dahlia Ravikovitch

Yehuda Amichai

xx + Contents

Comparing Literary Works

I A Song on the End of the World .................... Poland ..................... Poem 1286

I The End and the Beginning ............................ Poland ..................... Poem 1288

Comparing Literary Works

r Freedom to Breathe ............. ....... ................... Russia ............ Prose Poem 1296

from Nobel Lecture .................. ... ................ ... Russia ............. ....... Speech 1297

Visit ...................... .......................... ........ _ ...... Russia ...................... Poem 1301

Half a Day ............. .. ......... ......... ........... ........... Egypt ............... Short Story 1308

Comparing Literary Works

r Pride .................. ............ ... ........ ............................ ........ Israel. ......... Poem 1318

The Diameter of the Bomb ...................... ... .......... .... .... Israel .......... Poem 1319

From the Book of Esther I Filtered the Sediment ......... Israel .......... Poem 1320

Connections: Literature Past and Present John Hersey from Hiroshima ...... ...... ...... .... ..... . United States ............ .. ....... Nonfiction 1324

Comparing Literary Works

T~ha Muhammad Ali I Twigs ........... ........ .... ......... .. .... ... ... .. .. ......... Palestine ........ ............... Poem 1330

Venus Khoury-Ghata My mother would lose herself .. .... .. .. ... ...... Lebanon ........ ..... .. .. .. ..... Poem 1332

She used to throw her old crockery .......... Lebanon .. .. .... .. .............. Poem 1333

Nazlm Hikmet On Living ....... ................ ....... ................ ..... Turkey .. .. .. ...... ............... Poem 1334

Comparing Literary Works

Leopold Sedar Senghor r Prayer to Masks .. .. ... ...... ........ ......... .... .... .. Nigeria ...... .. ... ............ ... Poem 1342

Wole Soyinka Season .. .. ... .. ......... ............... .. .... .. .... ....... .. Senegal ......... ..... ........... Poem 1344

Comparing Literary Works

Nadine Gordimer I Comrades .. ........ .. ........ .. .............. ... .. .. ...... . South Africa ...... ... Short Story 1350

Chinua Achebe I Marriage Is a Private Affair .............. .. .. .. .... Nigeria .. ...... ..... .... Short Story 1355

Comparing Literary Works

R. K. Narayan I An Astrologer's Day .......... ... .. ..... ........ ...... India ............ .. ....... Short Story 1366

Santha Rama Rau [ By Any Other Name .. .. .. ... ...... ........... .... .... lndia ................ .. ......... Memoir 1371

Yasunari Kawabata The Jay ........ ... ... .... .. ........ .... .... .. ...... .. .. ..... . Japan .. .... .... ...... ... Short Story 1382

Comparing Literary Works

Nguyen Thi Vinh Thoughts of Hanoi.. ............ .. ..................... Vietnam ........................ Poem 1392

BeiDao

Shu Ting

All .. ... .......... .. .. ..... ... .. .............. ........ ....... ... China .......... ......... ......... Poem 1396

Also All ..... ... ... .. .... ... .. ........... .. .. ............ ..... China ........ .. ..... .. ........... Poem 1397

Assembly Line .................. ......................... China ....... .... .......... .. ..... Poem 1398

SKILLS WORKSHOPS

Writing About Literature: Compare and Contrast Literary Themes Across Cultures .......... 1402

Writing Workshop: Workplace Writing: Job Portfolio .. .......... .... .. ... .... .. ................................ 1404

Listening and Speaking Workshop: Delivering a Multimedia Presentation ... .. .................. 1408

Assessment Workshop: Analyzing an Author's Meaning .................................. ... ................. 1409

SUGGESTIONS FOR SUSTAINED READING from Penguin Group (USA)

Related World Literature:

Related British Literature:

Related American Literature:

Other Suggestion:

Chinua Achebe, Things Fall Apart

Alexander Solzhenitsyn, One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich

William Golding, Lord of the Flies

Julia Alvarez, Something to Declare

Elie Wiesel, Night

For more information on these and other Penguin Group (USA) titles, see pages R1-R6. You may want to consult your teacher before choosing one of these books.

Contents + xxi