The Metric SystemAnd How America is Crazy

5.1 Basic Terms and Conversions

Measurements:

Meter (m): length

Kilogram (kg): mass

Liter (l): volume

degree Celsius (˚C): temperature

5.1 Prefixes

kilo (k) - 1000 times

hecto (h) - 100 times

deka (da) - 10 times

deci (d) - 1/10

centi (c) - 1/100

milli (m) - 1/1000

5.1 Examples with Prefixes

Base unit: meter

1 kilometer = 1000 meters

1 centimeter = 1/100 meter

or: 100 centimeters = 1 meter

1 millimeter = 1/1000 meter

or: 1000 millimeters = 1 meter

5.1 Example 1 p178

a) Convert 375.6 m to km

375.6 m 1 km

1000 m

5.1 Example 1 p178

b) Convert 14 g to cg

14 g 1 cg

100 g

5.1 Example 1 p178

c) Convert 0.76 l to ml

0.76 l 1000 ml

1 l

5.1 Example 1 p178d) Convert 240 dal to kl

240 dal 10 l 1 kl1 dal 1000 l

5.1 Example 4 p180Arrange in order from smallest to largest length: 3.4 m, 3421 mm, and 104 cm.

3.4 m 1000 mm 3400 mm

1 m

104 cm 1 m1000 mm

1040 mm

100 cm 1 m

5.1 Practice Problems

Turn to p180 (474 for Brook)

Choose one of the following problems: 17, 35, 37, 39, 41

Vote on which problems you’d like to see done!

If two problems are close-to-tied, we’ll do both.

5.1 Practice Problems

Turn to p180 (474 for Brook)

Choose one of the following problems: 45, 47, 49, 51, 65

Vote on which problems you’d like to see done!

If two problems are close-to-tied, we’ll do both.

5.2 Length, Area, and Volume

Length: cm, m, km, etc.

Area: cm², m², km², etc.

Volume: cm³, m³, km³, etc.

5.2 Example 1 p185

Determine which metric unit of length you would use to express the following

a) The height of the Ted Williams statue in the photo.

b) The length of your arm

5.2 Example 1 p185

c) The length of a flea

d) The height of the Sears Tower

e) The diameter of a half-dollar

f) The distance between Amarillo and Detroit

g) The diameter of a round trashcan

5.2 Area

Area of a rectangle = length x width

5 cm

8 cm

Area = 5 cm x 8 cm = 40 cm²

5.2 Large Areas

Hectare = 100 m x 100 m

Hectare ≈ 2.5 acres

1 mi² ≈ 260 Hectares

Square kilometer = 1 km x 1 km

1 km² ≈ 4/10 mi²

5.2 Converting Square Units

Example 3 p186

A square meter is how many times as large as a square centimeter?

1 m² 100 cm 100 cm

1 m 1 m

5.2 VolumeVolume of a rectangular prism = length x width x height

5 cm

2 cm4 cm

Volume = 4 cm x 2 cm x 5 cm = 40 cm³

5.2 Practice Problems

Turn to p194 (488 for Brook)

#109 a) Determine the area

Area = 62.4 m x 50.5 m = 3151.2 m²

5.2 Practice Problems

p194 #109 b) If 1 m² = 0.0001 ha, determine the area in hectares.

3151.2 m²

0.0001 ha

1 m²

5.3 Mass and Temperature

Mass = Amount of Matter

Metric Tonne = 1000 kg

Used for very heavy items

mg is common in medicine

Take note if you’re in the medical field... the metric system is a good final project topic!

5.3 Mass

Example 1 p197: Choose the appropriate units

a) A one-year-old child

b) An orca whale

c) A teaspoon

d) A box of cereal

5.3 Mass

Example 1 p197 (cont’d)

e) A laptop computer

f) A fly

g) A frog

h) A refrigerator

5.3 Mass and Volume

Volume in Cubic Volume in Cubic UnitsUnits Volume in LitersVolume in Liters Mass of WaterMass of Water

1 cm³ 1 ml 1 g

1 dm³ 1 l 1 kg

1 m³ 1 kl 1 t (1000 kg)=

=

=

=

=

=

5.3 Example 2 p198

A fish tank is 1 m long, 50 cm high, and 250 mm wide. Determine the number of liters the fish tank holds. What is the mass of the water in kilograms?

50 cm 1 m 0.5 m100 cm

250 mm

1 m 0.25 m1000 mm

Volume = 1 m x 0.5 m x 0.25 m = 0.125 m³

5.3 Example 2 p198

0.125 m³

1 kl 1000 l 125 l1 m³ 1 kl

125 l 1 kg 125 kg

1 l

5.3 Temperature

Celsius scale vs. Fahrenheit scale

Water Freezes: 0˚C = 32˚F

Water Boils: 100˚C = 212˚F

Lovely Weather: 22˚C ≈ 72˚F

5.3 Temperature Conversions

F = 9/5 C + 32

C = 5/9 (F - 32)

5.3 Example 4 p200

A typical setting for home thermostats is 72˚F. What is the equivalent temperature on the Celsius thermometer?

C = 5/9 (F - 32)C = 5/9 (72 - 32)

C = 5/9 (40)C ≈ 22.222.2˚C

(1)(2)(3)(4)

5.3 Example 5 p200

If the temperature outdoors is 28˚C, what should you wear outside?

F = 9/5 C + 32F = 9/5 (28) + 32

F = 50.4 + 32F = 82.482.4˚F

(1)(2)(3)(4)

5.3 Practice Problems

Turn to 201 (495 for Brook)

Choose one of the following problems: 11, 43, 47, 51, 63

Vote on which problems you’d like to see done!

If two problems are close-to-tied, we’ll do both.

5.4 Dimensional Analysis

Converting to and from the Metric System

Unit Fraction: a fraction with different units in the top and bottom where the whole fraction equals 1.

Example: 1 ft. / 12 in.

5.4 Customary Units p204

•1 foot = 12 inches

•1 yard = 3 feet

•1 mile = 5280 feet

•1 pound = 16 ounces

•1 ton = 2000 pounds

•etc.

5.4 Example 1 p205

A container contains 26 ounces of salt. Convert 26 ounces to pounds.

26 oz. 1 lb.16 oz.

5.4 Example 3 p205

Convert 60 miles per hour to feet per second

60 mi 5280 ft 1 hr 88 ft

1 hr 1 mi 3600 sec 1 sec

5.4 Table 8.7 p206Length

1 in = 2.54 cm1 ft = 30 cm1 yd = 0.9 m1 mi = 1.6 km

Check out the equivalencies for Area, Volume and Weight on page 206.

5.4 Example 7 p208

Be on the lookout for examples that pertain to your professional field.

Your final project involves relating the concepts from this course to your career.

Example 7 is a good tie-in for the Medical Field.

5.4 Practice Problems

Turn to 211 (506 for Brook)

Choose one of the following problems: 9, 23, 37, 39

Vote on which problems you’d like to see done!

If two problems are close-to-tied, we’ll do both.