the lng liquefaction process - simply fancy household appliances
DESCRIPTION
Presented by: Marjan RoosTRANSCRIPT
The LNG Liquefaction Process - Fancy Household Appliances
Marjan Roos
Global Process Engineering Chief
Bechtel Oil Gas & Chemicals, Houston
LNG Value Chain Field
Development Pipeline Liquefaction Shipping
Regas Terminal
Power Generation
LNG Value Chain (cont’d)
Liquefaction Shipping Regas
Terminal Power
Generation Field
Development Pipeline
LNG Value Chain (cont’d)
Shipping Regas
Terminal Power
Generation Field
Development Pipeline Liquefaction
LNG Value Chain (cont’d) Regas
Terminal Power
Generation Field
Development Pipeline Liquefaction Shipping
LNG Value Chain (cont’d) Power
Generation Field
Development Pipeline Liquefaction Shipping
Regas Terminal
LNG Value Chain (cont’d) Field
Development Pipeline Liquefaction Shipping
Regas Terminal
Power Generation
Natural Gas – Where is it
Natural Gas – Who Wants it
Natural Gas – How to Transport
• Pipeline
– Max 6000 km onshore
– Max 3000 km offshore
– Unsuitable across deep seabed
• Ship
– Gas needs to be liquefied to reduce volume
Reduce Volume for Transportation
Natural gas
• Atmospheric pressure
• Ambient temperature
Liquefied Natural Gas
• Atmospheric pressure
• -160°C
• 1/600th of gas volume
LNG – Product Specifications
• Contaminants – Mercury
– Hydrogen Sulfide
• Freezing Components – Water
– CO2
– “Heavies”
• Inert Gas – Nitrogen, CO2
The liquefaction process
Natural Gas
Acid Gas
Water
Nitrogen
Heavies
LNG
Inlet Treating – Washing Machine
Inlet Treating - Dryer
Liquefaction – Refrigerator/Freezer
COLD COLDER COLDEST
Coldbox Cryogenic Equipment, piping and valves in Ethylene, Methane and
NRU is “packaged” in a coldbox.
The “box” is the size of a multi-story building and is filled with expanded-perlite insulation material, covering and insulating all equipment.
Why does LNG not evaporate???
LNG DOES evaporate!
• LNG “boils” at -160 °C
• Evaporations requires heat
• The LNG cools it self by evaporating some of it’s liquid – auto refrigeration
• Compare with acetone “boiling” off your finger tips – they feel cold
Regasification
