Abstracts / Quaternary International 279-280 (2012) 9–12028

drivers and responses. A long sediment core from Lake Upper Kachope atw3960 m elevation, which spans roughly the last 9000 years, permitteda reconstruction of temperature history using fossil remains of chirono-mids (Insecta, Diptera), and to link these data to changes in sedimentcomposition reflecting lake hydrology. Using a calibration datasetinvolving 28 Rwenzori lakes and ponds and weighted-averaging transferfunctions, the obtained quantitative reconstruction shows a clear long-term trend in Holocene temperature variation, but with a modest ampli-tude of w1-2�C. From the early/middle Holocene to later Holocenea marked shift occurs from species with lower- to species with highertemperature optimum. In the upper section of the record, representing thelast few millennia, a shift back to chironomid species with colder optimaoccurs. Samples at the very top of the core, previously used to reconstructtemperature change between the Little Ice Age and the present show theexpected warming trend.

CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE BALKAN REGION DURING THE LATE GLACIALAND THE HOLOCENE RECORDED IN THE LAKE PRESPA SEDIMENTSEQUENCE

Anne Aufgebauer. Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, University of,GermanyE-mail address: anne.aufgebauer@uni-koeln.de

The Late Glacial and the Holocene represent a significant time intervalfor paleoclimate reconstructions in the Balkan region due to substantialchanges in the vegetation and the environment on a local and regionalscale. Our multiproxy approach contributes to the better understandingof short- and long-term climate fluctuations in this area. Climate andenvironment were certainly among the principal factors driving humanpopulation mobility. These are the two main foci of the CollaborativeResearch Center (CRC) 806: “Our Way to Europe - Culture-EnvironmentInteraction and Human Mobility in the Late Quaternary”, in which ourproject is integrated. For the reconstruction of the Late Glacial and theHolocene environmental changes, a 320 cm part out of 1575 cm sedi-ment sequence from Lake Prespa is investigated using MagneticSusceptibility, XRF, CNS, TC, TOC, as well as ostracod and pollen analysis.Lake Prespa is one of the largest and oldest (>3 Ma) lakes of the Balkanpeninsula, located in the tri-border region of AL, FYROM and GR. Thelocation of the lake at 853 m a.s.l. allows us to test the temperate treerefugia hypothesis in an area that has been poorly investigated yet. Thesediment record reveals a climate warming during the Bölling-Allerödinterstadial with a stepwise deglaciation. The Oldest and the YoungerDryas stadials are well documented by distinct pollen variations. TheHolocene is marked by an initial increase in temperatures and is inter-rupted by the 8.2 ka cal BP abrupt cooling event. Finally, the first traces ofintensive anthropogenic influence documented in the record are dated to2.3 ka cal BP.The chronology of the sediment sequence is based on radiocarbon datingand tephrochronology. Identified tephra layers are used as independenttime-markers in the age-depthmodel and allow the accurate correlation ofthe Prespa sequence to other eastern Mediterranean sites.

A TALE OF TWO ISLANDS: THE LAKE-NZ PROJECT

Paul Augustinus. The University of Auckland, New ZealandE-mail address: p.augustinus@auckland.ac.nz

New Zealand is in a key location for the understanding of global climatevariability during the Quaternary as it lies in the Southern Hemispherewesterly circulation zone which acts as a conductor of climate signalsbetween the tropics and Antarctica. The LAKE-NZ Project proposes coringand paleoenvironmental analysis of laminated lake sediment recordsincluding: (1) maar lakes from the Auckland Volcanic Field (North Island),and (2) glacial lakes in the McKenzie Basin (South Island New Zealand).The two regions are climatically distinct and influenced by differentoceanographic systems. Northern New Zealand is dominated bya subtropical anticyclonic system and warm waters associated with theTasman Front, whilst the central South Island is dominated by persistentzonal westerlies and cool waters of the Subtropical Front and coldSubantarctic Surface Water. Laminated sediment cores from 6 of the

Auckland Volcanic Field maar lakes have a reliable chronostratigraphyback up 50 ka. Pupuke maar lake was formed w250 ka and seismicreflection surveys indicate that it may contain a complete record of lakesedimentation from that time. A sediment record spanning w50 ka wasobtained using a barge-mounted UWITEC coring system but we do nothave the capability to obtain longer records. Pilot investigations ofselected McKenzie Basin lakes via high-resolution seismic reflectionsurveys indicate that the lakes contain up to 400 m of layered sedimentsdeposited since w19 ka and will contain a high resolution record of pastenvironmental changes and glacier fluctuations. Preliminary Mackerethcoring has produced up to 6 m long laminated sediment records spanningw1 ka. We outline the potential of these records to provide insight intoregional scale Southern Hemisphere climate variability and forcingfactors at annual to sub-decadal resolution, as well as proposals for on-going investigations.

THE LAST GLACIAL CYCLE VIEWED FROM ONEPOTO AND PUKAKI MAARLAKES, AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND

Paul Augustinus. The University of Auckland, New ZealandE-mail address: p.augustinus@auckland.ac.nz

High-resolution Late Quaternary paleoclimate archives are preserved inthe lake sediment records in several maars from the Auckland VolcanicField, northern New Zealand. Tephrochronology, AMS 14C and Ar/Ar-basedchronostratigraphies were developed for several paleolakes that containlaminated sediment records spanning much of the last glacial cycle. Amulti-proxy approach was taken to constructing reliable records of localand regional paleoenvironments including: pollen, cladocera and diatompaleoecology, environmental magnetism, grain size, XRF geochemistry,TOC, TN, TS, organic matter d13C (bulk and compound specific) and d15N.Pollen and diatom analysis of sediment records spanning the last w50 kashow marked vegetation changes that reflect orbital forcing, althoughdiatoms suggest significant hydrological changes that are not reflected inthe pollen. Reduction of forest with expansion of grass/shrubland at thestart of the Last Glacial Coldest Period (LGCP) w28.5 ka BP is accompaniedby cool, dry and windy conditions, although the situation is complex withan interstadial identified between w25 and 23 ka. Post-glacial warmingcommenced w18 ka and is reflected in several proxies, although thepollen record does not display the marked changes displayed in many ofthe other proxies during the Last Glacial-Interglacial transition andHolocene. Furthermore, application of a pollen-based MAT model indi-cates the timing and magnitude of short durationwarming events of up to4�C that appear to be in phase with Antarctic Isotope Maxima/AntarcticInterstadials from the EPICA Drønning Maud Land and Byrd ice coresrespectively between w48 and 15 ka suggesting the existence of tele-connections between northern New Zealand and Antarctica. Thewarmingevents are probably too rapid to be explained by atmospheric greenhousegas forcing and likely indicate rapid changes in the distribution of heat atthe ocean surface as similar events are recorded in SW Pacific sedimentcores.

THE SOLUTREAN-MAGDALENIAN TRANSITION: A VIEW FROM THEWEST

J. Emili Aura. Universitat de València, SpainE-mail address: Emilio.aura@uv.es

The Iberian Peninsula was the south-western homeland of Europe'sMagdalenian. However, Iberia is a diverse regionwith great environmentaldifferences between the Cantabrian-Pyrenees, the Atlantic façade, theIberian Meseta and the Mediterranean watershed. This paper on theSolutrean-Magdalenian Transition gives special attention to data obtainedduring the current review of lithic assemblages from Cova del Parpalló(Valencia, Spain) and from Cueva Llonín (Asturias, Spain). Badegulian-Archaic Magdalenian sites are scarce in Iberia, especially in the Mediter-ranean region, and the assemblages dated between 18,000 and 16,500 BPhave been treated previously as a continuance of the Upper Solutrean (i.e.,Solutreogravetiense). Trends in stone tool technology and radiocarbondata are examined in an attempt to correlate the Mediterranean andCantabrian areas of Iberia.