the kootenai tribe’s · • importance: project has become monitoring “vessel” for kootenai...
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The Kootenai Tribe’s Kootenai River Ecosystem
Restoration Project
1994-2012
Project # 199404900 Charlie Holderman, Kootenai Tribe of Idaho
Project Manager
January 18, 2012
Portland, OR
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Fisheries Rehabilitation of Kootenai River Idaho, by Nutrient Addition
Flows out to west to join Columbia river at Castlegar, and then south to Washington state.
Kootenay-Kootenai River system
Peter Ward (presenter/co-author)
Dam and reservoir
Headwaters
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Quick Look @ Sites; Monitoring covers ~ 235 km
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INTRODUCTION
• PURPOSE: TO ADDRESS FISHERIES RELATED PROBLEMS AT AN ECOSYSTEM LEVEL AND PROVIDE RESTORATION SOLUTIONS
• IMPORTANCE: PROJECT HAS BECOME MONITORING “VESSEL” FOR KOOTENAI RIVER, ESPECIALLY FOR LOWER TROPHICS & FISH COMMUNITY DYNAMICS
• PROJECT NOW HAS 10+ YRS OF CONTINUOUS DATA, ALGAL, BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES, WATER CHEMISTRY….FISH COMM.
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OBJECTIVES
OBJ-1: System-wide Biomonitoring and Evaluation of the Main stem Kootenai River OBJ-2: Restore Ecosystem Productivity OBJ-3: Restore Ecosystem Productivity to Kootenay Lake, B.C. OBJ-4: Restore Historically Important Kootenai River Tributary Segments for Key Focal Species
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HOW PROJECT FITS w/ SIMILAR WORK & BASIN PLANS
• Geographic Region (KR Sub basin Plan Vision) – Establish and maintain a healthy ecosystem characterized by healthy,
harvestable fish and wildlife populations, normative and/or natural physical and biological conditions, and sustainable human communities (MTFWP-KTOI 2004)
– Part of Kootenai/y Ecosystem Adaptive Management Plan (KTOI 2011), suite of interrelated KR projects addressing Fish & Wildlife management issues (aquatic/terrestrial)
• 11 habitat factors and 7 biological factors being addressed (MT, ID, B.C.) • Similar Work
– Idaho Dept. Fish/Game, project shares Work Elements of OBJ-2: Restore Ecosystem Productivity (Nutrient project)
– Includes cooperative collection and data sharing of Community-level Fisheries data at 7 sites on KR
– Shared Management of Nutrient Additions Site – Shared hosting of Annual Workshop to discuss Kootenai River results &
management Issues
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BRIEF STUDY DESIGN KTOI ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION
PROJECT • BIOMONITORING DESIGN (KOOTENAI RIVER)
– 235 KM LONGITUDINAL COVERAGE, 12 SITES, COVERING ALL GEOMORPHICALLY UNIQUE REACHES
– COVERS ALL BIOLOGICAL TROPHIC LAYERS PLUS WATER QUALITY VARIABLES
– SEASONAL OR MONTHLY DESIGNS/ GROWING SEASON – SAMPLE SIZE TESTED
• NUTRIENT ADDITIONS & MONITORING DESIGNS (K. RIVER) – ADDITIONS MADE 1 JUNE-30 SEPT (MAINLY PHOSPHORUS) – WEEKLY OR BI-WEEKLY SAMPLNG OF PRIMARY
PRODUCTIVITY & NUTRIENT LEVELS
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BRIEF STUDY DESIGN KTOI ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION
PROJECT • NUTRIENT ADDITIONS & MONITORING
DESIGNS (KOOTENAY LAKE) – ADDITIONS (MAINLY NITROGEN), JUNE-AUGUST – WEEKLY MONITORING OF NUTRIENTS, PRIMARY,
SECONDARY PRODUCTIVITY – YEARLY ACOUSTIC MONITORING OF TARGET
FISHERIES, KOKANEE, RAINBOW TROUT
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ANALYSES PERFORMED AND PROPOSED
• TREND MONITORING OF WQ SPECIES (6 NUTRIENTS, SOME METALS), ALGAL CHLOROPHYLL LEVELS & COMMUNITY SPECIES DYNAMICS, MACROINVERT COMMUNITY SPECIES DYNAMICS & POPULATION LEVELS (SAMPLE SIZED TESTED, STAT-RIGOROUS)
• TREND MONITORING OF FISH COMMUNITY DYNAMICS & INDIVIDUAL SPECIES POP LEVELS (ALL SPP MONITORED)
• IN COMPOSITE, ALL TROPHIC DATA HAS/WILL BE USED TO ACTIVELY MANAGE NUTRIENT MITIGATION EFFORTS (EG. Nutrient experiment “go-ahead” based on technical team review of 3 yrs monitoring data (2001-2004). – Ktoi/idfg have proposed to increase dosage & extend application
season based on recent monitoring results (2007-2011).
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OVERVIEW ANALYSES PERFORMED AND PROPOSED
• PRE-POST NUTRIENT ADDITIONS TESTING OF NUTRIENT ADDITION ZONE VERSUS REGULATED AND UNREGULATED CONTROLS LOCATIONS ON K.RIVER – MEANS TESTING (ANOVA & NON-PARAMETRIC) OF
PRIMARY, SECONDARY, AND FISH-LEVEL MONITORING DATA; TO DETERMINE IF NUTRIENT ADDITIONS ARE HAVING A SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ON POPULATIONS
– PROPOSE TO CONTINUE TESTING TO HELP WITH ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF NUTRIENT ADDITIONS
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PRIMARY PRODUCITIVITY chlorophyll & species trends
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SECONDARY PRODUCTIVITY (abundance, biomass, species
richness)
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TERTIARY PRODUCTIVITY RELATIVE ABUNDANCE & BIOMASS
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IMPLICATIONS OF RESULTS TO FISH and WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
• PROJECT SUCCESSFULLY IDENTIFIED NUTRIENT LIMITATION AS A NEEDED MITIGATION ACTION FOR KOOTENAI RIVER (2002-2004) AND SOUTH ARM OF KOOTENAY LAKE (2003)
• ONGOING TROPHIC MONITORING RESULTS ARE USED BY IKERT TEAM (TRIBAL MANAGERS) TO MAKE MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR NUTRIENT RESTORATION EFFORTS ON RIVER AND LAKE/ YEARLY BASIS
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• ECOSYSTEM APPROACH SEEMS TO BE WORKING TO IDENTIFY LARGESCALE, SYSTEMATIC ISSUES….
• HAS SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY IN NUTRIENT ADDITION ZONE KOOTENAI RIVER & SOUTH ARM KOOTENAY LAKE – HOWEVER, SINGLE RESTORATION ACTIONS CAN’T BE
VIEWED AS ‘SILVER BULLET’ (RATHER A MISSING PART OF ECOSYSTEM REPLACED).
• MONITORING A BROAD ARRAY OF METRICS ACROSS BIOLOGICAL, CHEMICAL, & PHYSICAL “ARENEAS” PRODIVING GOOD INFORMATION FOR ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT FOR THIS AND POTENTIALLY OTHER BASIN PROJECTS
CONCLUSIONS
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KOKANEE RESPONSE: KOOTENAY LAKE; IDAHO TRIBUTARIES