THE JAPA

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THE GREATER EAST ASIA CO-PROSPERITY SPHERE

D R J A M E S H O G U E

. This was started by the Japanese and it got all of the leaders from Asia together.

. It united the counties and stated that Asia should be ruled by Asians.

. They rejected the imperialistic Europeans and didn’t want American intervention.

THE JAPANESE MILITARY STRATEGIES

. The Japanese military used unconventional tactics during world war II

. They believed in the way of the samurai.

. In their mind they believed in the emperor and they treated him as a godlike person.

. Their tactics caused several thousand American deaths.

THE FLAG OF THE RISING SUN

THE FLAG

W W W , J A P A N . C O M

. The flag stood for the country and the sun was rising own a new era.

THE JAPANESE AERIAL STRATEGYT

. They launched several different types of attacks but they had the same concept.

. Their first wave were attack fighters who would weaken the enemy, The next wave was the dive bombers who would come in and drop their bombs they where followed by torpedo bombers who would come in and drop their torpedoes into the hull of the ship.

VIDEO

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sv1niwxQgoY

KAMIKAZE

.The word Kamikaze stands for divine wind

. This strategy was a Japanese plane would be loaded up with bombs and they would intentionally try to crash their plane into and enemy ship.

THE OHKA KAMIKAZE

W W W . J A P A N . C O M

The ohka was a jet engine plane dropped from

underneath a bomber. The plane would then

Reach speeds upward of 900 MPH. Then crash into an enemy

ship.

VIDEO

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uMs4IJQVRYM

BANZAI ATTACK

. The Banzi was a land based infantry charge.

. The soldiers who put their lives own the line in a desperate plea to overrun enemy positions.

.The Japanese believed in the samurai and they risked their lives to be like the samurai and for their emperor.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_qTV4ZbEPOw

DEATH OVER SURRENDER

.The Japanese soldiers believed in serving the emperor.

.They would kill themselves rather than being captured

. In the battle of Tarawa there where Twenty survivors

THE JAPANESE CIVILIANS’ MINDSET DURING WORLD WAR II

THE EFFECTS OF PROPAGANDA ON JAPANESE CIVILIANS

J A P A N E S E W W I I P R O P A G A N D A P O S T E R . N . D . P H O T O G R A P H . W W W . G L O G S T E R . C O M W E B . 3 1 M A R 2 0 1 4 .

.The media was making the Japanese feel as though they are superior to the United States.

.Often racist propaganda was used to dehumanized the Americans.

.The media’s propaganda created national pride and high morale for the Japanese.

.Portrayed the soldiers as great warriors.

THE EFFECTS OF PROPAGANDA ON JAPANESE CIVILIANS

B R I D G E M A N A R T L I B R A R Y . . N . D

.Propaganda uses a mixture of truth and lies to help improve morale.

.Propaganda was used to pressure citizens into supporting a certain opinion by giving few opinions to choice from.

.Propaganda forms a sense of unity for the citizens because they support the same cause.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE EMPEROR TO THE JAPANESE CIVILIANS E M P E R O R H I R O H I T O

. The Emperor of Japan is considered a descendent of Amaterasu

.Amaterasu is considered one of the strongest gods in Shintoism.

. Shintoism is a religion that focuses on nature and is practiced primarily in Japan.

M C F E E , H A R R Y . E M P E R O R H I R O H I T O O F J A P A N . N . D . P H O T O G R A P H . W W W . H A R R Y M C F E E . C O M W E B . 3 1 M A R 2 0 1 4 .

WHY THE JAPANESE OBEYED THE EMPEROR . Because the Emperor was a descendent of Amaterasu,

he was thought to have some properties of a god.

. It was believed that the Emperor was not an all-powerful being, but that he was able to speak with the gods.

. The Emperor was considered superior to the citizens because of his relation to the gods.

. The Emperor was obligated to perform rituals in order for the gods to bring prosperity to Japan.

. The Japanese believed that because of these traits he deserved to be obeyed and worshipped.

DEDICATION OF JAPANESE CIVILIANS TO THE WAR

. The Japanese civilians obeyed the Emperor because he could talk to the gods and bring prosperity to Japan.

. The media created a sense of unity for the Japanese to oppose the United States.

. The support of the citizens allowed for high morale throughout most of the war.

T H E C I V I L I A N P O P U L A T I O N A S W E L L A S T H E M I L I T A R Y W O U L D H A V E R E S I S T E D T O T H E L A S T … ” – W O R L D W A R I I I N T H E P A C I F I C

“Up to now, we’ve been ordered not to wear white garments, not even when it is hot, because they were easy for the enemy planes to see. Now we’re warned not to wear black garments because they burn easily. So what in the world is safe for us to wear? We don’t know anymore.” –Aiko Takamashi

REFUSAL TO SURRENDER

A X I S M I L I T A R Y L E A D E R S P H O T O G A L L E R Y . 2 0 1 4 . P H O T O G R A P H . W W W . H I S T O R Y . C O M W E B . 3 1 M A R 2 0 1 4 .

.July 26, 1945 the United States issued the Potsdam Declaration to Japan

. The Potsdam Declaration asked the Japanese to accept an unconditional surrender.

.On July 28, 1945 Japan’s Prime Minister, Hideki Tojo, announced that Japan would ignore the Potsdam Declaration.

CONSEQUENCES OF REFUSAL TO SURRENDER

“ W A S T H E A T O M I C B O M B I N G O F J A P A N J U S T I F I A B L E ? . ” W W W . P A C I F I C W A R . O R G . N . P . , N . D . W E B 4 M A R . 2 0 1 4

.Because the Japanese refused to surrender, the United States needed to choose between attacking by land or using the atomic bombs.

. An assault by land was estimated to cause at least one million Allied deaths.

. The large number of Allied forces expected to die forced President Truman to drop the atomic bombs

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AtSt5XZ7fq4&feature=player_detailpage

STATISTICS

LowHigh

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

3000000

3500000

Japanese Killed In World War II

• Estimated 672000 Japanese civilians killed during World War II

• The total number of Japanese killed ranges from 1771000 to 3187000

Rummel, R.J.. “STATISTICS OF DEMOCIDE.” Chapter 3 Statistics of Japanese DemocideEstimates, Calculations, and Sources. www.hawaii.edu, 1 Jan. 1997. Web. 16 Apr. 2014

STATISTICS CONTINUED

Estimated Low Per-centage Of Japanese Civilians KilledEstimated High Per-centage Of Japanese Soldiers Killed

Estimated High Percentage Of Japanese Civil-ians KilledEstimated Low Percentage Of Japanese Sol-diers Killed

38%62%79%

21%

Of the 1771000 to 3187000 Japanese killed the percentage of civilian deaths range from 21% - 38%

THE JA

PANESE ID

EOLOGY

IDEOLOGY

.Japanese generals believed in “no surrender”.

.This can perhaps best be viewed, however, as extreme patriotism — Japanese were taught to give their lives, if necessary, for their emperor

CHUICHI NAGUMO. Born March 25, 1887 and died

July 6, 1944

. Graduated from the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy in 1908

. Started as a midshipman – promoted to ensign (1910) – promoted to sub-lieutenant after attending torpedo and naval artillery schools – promoted to lieutenant (1914) – graduated from the Naval War College and promoted to lieutenant commander (1920) – promoted to commander (1924) – promoted to captain (1929)

W W W . J A P A N . C O M

.While commanding Japan's carrier striking force, he executed the December 7th, 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor and January-April 1942 raids in the South Pacific and Indian Ocean. His force was decisively defeated on 4 June 1942, during the Battle of Midway, losing all four carriers present.

. Vice Admiral Nagumo retained command of the remaining Japanese aircraft carriers into November 1942, leading them in the Battle of the Eastern Solomons in August and the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands in October. He was later placed in charge of naval forces in the Marianas Islands area. In keeping with Japanese military traditions, he died by his own hand on 6 July 1944, during the final stages of the defense of Saipan.

CHUICHI NAGUMO

ISOROKU YAMAMOTO

.Born April 4, 1884 and died April 18, 1943

.Graduated from the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy (ranked 7th in class 1904)

.Was a Marshal Admiral and Commander in Chief

.Commander of the Attack on Pearl Harbor.

W W W . J A P A N . C O M

ISOROKU YAMAMOTO

.As diplomatic relations continued to break down, Yamamoto began planning his strike to destroy the US Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor, HI. On November 26, 1941, six of Yamamoto's carriers sailed for Hawaii. Approaching from the north they attacked on December 7, sinking four battleships and damaging an additional four beginning World War II. While the attack was a political disaster for the Japanese, it provided Yamamoto with six months (as he anticipated) to consolidate and expand their territory in the Pacific without American interference.

HIDEKI TOJO

. Hideki Tojo was born December 30, 1884

. Tojo was the a general of the Imperial Japanese Army and was also the 40th Prime Minister of Japan

. As Prime Minister he was responsible for the attack for Pearl Harbor and was executed as a war criminal in 1948.

. He advocated an aggressive foreign policy.

. He shot himself in the chest just before he was arrested by the US Military in 1945 in an unsuccessful attempt to commit suicide and not surrender W W W . J A P A N . C O M

THE E

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WORKS CITED  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AtSt5XZ7fq4&feature=player_detailpage 

Roehrs, Mark D, and William A. Renzi. World War II in the Pacific. Armonk, N.Y: M.E. Sharpe, 2004. Printhttp://www.pacificwar.org.au/AtomBomb_Japan.htmlhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/shinto/history/emperor_1.shtml https://www.msu.edu/~navarro6/srop.htmlTakamashi, Aiko. Trans. Samuel Yamashita University of Hawaii Press, 09 Aug 1945. Print.Japanese WWII Propaganda Poster. N.d. Photograph. www.glogster.comWeb. 31 Mar 2014. Mcfee, Harry. Emperor Hirohito of Japan. N.d. Photograph. www.harrymcfee.comWeb. 31 Mar 2014. Axis Military Leaders Photo Gallery. 2014. Photograph. www.history.comWeb. 31 Mar 2014. “WAS THE ATOMIC BOMBING OF JAPAN JUSTIFIABLE?.” www.pacificwar.org. N.p., n.d. Web 4 Mar. 2014Rummel, R.J.. “STATISTICS OF DEMOCIDE.” Chapter 3 Statistics of Japanese Democide    Estimates, Calculations, and Sources. www.hawaii.edu, 1 Jan. 1997. Web. 16 Apr. 2014Hall, Michelle . "By the Numbers: World War II's atomic bombs." . www.cnn.com, 1 Jan. 2013.     Web. 1 Jan. 2014 Hall, Michelle . "By the Numbers: World War II's atomic bombs." . www.cnn.com, 1 Jan. 2013. Web. 16 Apr. 2014

WORK’S CITED http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C5%ABichi_Nagumo

http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/prs-for/japan/japrs-n/c-nagmo.htm

http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/naval/p/Yamamoto.htm

http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/japan_1900_power.htm

http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/2WWtojo.htm

http://www.youtube.com

Tanaka,Shelly,Attack on Pearl Harbor. New York: Scholastic, 2002. 4 print

Zullo,Allan. World War II Heroes. New York, Scholastic,2007.145 print

Bradley, james. Flags of our Father’s. New York: Scholastic,2003.123 print