The Intelligent Transportation System

3. Grow Safely3. Grow Safely

2. Go faster2. Go faster2. Go faster2. Go faster

3. Grow Safely3. Grow Safely

What is main purpose of the expressway?What is main purpose of the expressway?

1. Get Connected1. Get Connected

Expressway PurposeExpressway Purpose

What should we do to go fast/safely ?What should we do to go fast/safely ?

Explaining Order

What should we do to go fast/safely ?What should we do to go fast/safely ?

Control Center

What should we do to go fast/safely ?What should we do to go fast/safely ?

How do we Manage Traffic?How do we Manage Traffic?

• We manage Traffic using Intelligent Transportation System on the expressway

• With which ITS System?

VDS(loop-Image) CCTVAVI DSRC(OBE) Patrol team/Customer call

* VDS : Vehicle Detection System , output : Speed, vehicle number/classfication* AVI : Using car plate number, For not a spot but between two sections

* CCTV : for checking the expressway situation with traffic managers

* DSRC(OBE) : Dedicated Short Range Comunication On Board Equipment

• First, we need to know where the congestion happens,

OR, how many vehicles on that expressway.

How do we change from data to Information?How do we change from data to Information?

• Collecting data from ITS system must be processed and analysied

• It is Second process and It is kind of Software.

2. 2. Data ProcessingData Processing

3. Information Providing3. Information Providing

Traffic Information Center

• Automatically manage entering vehicles in couple of IC by signal light

• Through BIG traffic Data,operate Traffic forecasting

• Automatically recognize car accident

• Automatically manage ITS System

1. Data Gathering1. Data Gathering

(speed, volume, accidents)(speed, volume, accidents)

How do we deliver the Information?How do we deliver the Information?

• It was started with VMS(Variable Massage Sign) before 1992

• After the driver want to get traffic information even before departure

So we started TV-broadcasting and operated traffic website

• Also, the biggest change about IT in 2008

• Through like these changes, Most drivers search for Traffic Information

and care about accuracy

So we used one UNIT which is used for ETCS

We call DSRC

It was Smart-Phone

Many Apps ware introduced and downloaded about Traffic Information

with no money

What is the DSRC/ETCS/OBE ?What is the DSRC/ETCS/OBE ?

• DSRC is started from ETCS.

• ETCS is composed of RSE, OBE, IC-CARD, and that wire-communication System.

• RSE ↔ OBE Communication ( What time) ?

• Where is your start point(previousspot)?

• What is your Vehicle classification ?(plate

number) ?

• What is your OBE ID ?

• Here is OOO SPOT.

•••••

Capsure

• So, DSRC can give highly accurate information!

Can Smartphone replace OBE ?Can Smartphone replace OBE ?

⇒⇒OBE OBE vsvs SS--phonephone

• Smartphone Communication

• Purpose : Calling and Getting Information

• Wide communication region

• After Push button, Charging ≫ Only Wireless Communication

≫ Mobility

• ETCS

• Purpose : charging toll fee

• Short communication region

• Without OBE, we must charge

≫ It is the most important thing is ..

Matching Vehicle( which vehicle is okay?)

≫ So, It must be needed wirecommunicaion

• Wireless-communication(RF, Infrad)

• Wirecommunication(VDS, AVI, AVC)

Successfully Matching!!

• Person : Smartphone = vehicle : Smartphone ?

Can Smartphone replace OBE ?Can Smartphone replace OBE ?

• On the assumption that Smartphone can replace OBE, Let’s charging toll fee

⇒⇒OBE OBE vsvs SS--phonephone

Wide Communication Region

RSECommunication OverlappingFor Mobility

① Ideal Condition

• Every vehicle was installed S-Phone(BUS, Sedan, Small-car)

• Every S-phone was communicated sucessfully

• NO problem!

② Communication error

• Every vehicle was installed S-Phone(BUS, Sedan, Small-car)

• Sedan S-phone happened Communication error

• How did RSE know which car?How can we match?To whom should we send toll bill ?whether Owner of S-phone orOwner of Sedan?

③ Many error• Many S-phone in the bus, NO S-phone in Small-car, Sedan happened Communication error

• Same Problem+One S-phone in the bus can match Small Car

ShortCommunication Region

RSE

• Communication area is suitable for Vehicle matching

• Through Vehicle Entering Signal andExit Signal, We can select problem Vehicle

In KEC, ITS HistoryIn KEC, ITS History

‘92 ‘95 ‘98 ’00 ’02 ’04 ’07 ’09 ‘13

VDS(loop)’93

VDS(Image)’97

CCTV~’92

AVI’97

DSRC’08

1,610

1,824

1,996

2,100

2,659

2,800

3,100

3,496

3,790

7241,276

1,521

1,944

2,580

2,842

3,2823,404

4,054VMS~’92

TV ’05

Web,Mobile,DSRC ’08

Navigation’06

ExpresswayExtension(km)

ThousandVehicles/day

Radio~’92

Gathering

Providing

974Vehicle/km 1,000

450

700

762

926970

1,015

1,0581,070

⇒⇒ITS HistoryITS History

ITS Planning on the Traffic situationITS Planning on the Traffic situation

⇒⇒ ITS PlanningITS Planning

• We don’t have to concern about Delivering traffic information system

≫ We have a smartphone

≫ We have many smartphone app developers.

• The prime consideration has been both Collecting traffic data and Charging toll fee

① No need-toll fee, under 700veh/km(the beginning)

• ITS Planning on the situation

≫ For future, you collect traffic data with VDS

KEC ITS System(collecting & charging)

VDS(Loop type)

VDS(Image)

RF-OBE

IR-OBE

VDS(Loop type)

AVI

② Need-toll fee, IF it can be paid fee later (All of the people has

responsibility about paying toll) ≫ Simply, You can use AVI and VDS

Enterance Exit Output : Speed, Toll

③ Want to get correct information and charging Toll fee

≫ OBE(for charging, traffic data), AVI(picking up violation vehicle)+ if few OBE is supplied, You can use VDS(LOOP,image) in the beginning

Enterance Exit

VDS(Loop type)

AVI

VDS(Image)

OBE

• We don’t have to be concerned about Processing data(Use Open source)

≫ So. Once, opened to the public about traffic data , they can do anything

How will ITS evolve?How will ITS evolve?

⇒⇒ ITS EvolutionITS Evolution

The Present (V2I)The Present (V2I) The Future {V2X(V2V, V2I)}The Future {V2X(V2V, V2I)}

1. Data Gathering1. Data Gathering

3. Data Providing3. Data Providing

2. Data Processing2. Data Processing

≫≫ VVehicleehicle--22--IInfranfra

≫≫ IInfranfra--22--VVehicleehicle

≫≫ PProcessingrocessing

1. Data Gathering1. Data Gathering

3. Data Providing3. Data Providing

2. Data Processing`2. Data Processing`

≫≫ VVehicleehicle--22--IInfra nfra ▼▼

≫≫ PProcessing rocessing ▼▼

≫≫ VVehicleehicle--22--VVehicle ehicle ▲▲

≫≫ IInfra nfra 22--VVehicle ehicle ▼▼

≫≫ VVehicleehicle--22--VVehicle ehicle ▲▲

V2IV2I I2VI2V

V2V2VV

V2IV2II2VI2V

V2V BenefitV2V Benefit

⇒⇒ ITS EvolutionITS Evolution

1. OBE Can replace RSE and Control Center 1. OBE Can replace RSE and Control Center

Accident

Real TimeReal Time

≫ RSE and Processing cost reduction

2. Most of the real2. Most of the real--time Information can be deliveredtime Information can be delivered

≫ More faster and safer

3. 3. TelematicsTelematics , GPS, and OBE can be combined , GPS, and OBE can be combined

≫ We can know about car-defect beforehand

• ex) CPU of the car check about status of the car and transfer it to Auto-insurance

automatically •••

Korea has been making future road Korea has been making future road

It is SmartIt is Smart--highway Project(highway Project(2007~2017)

⇒⇒ Future KECFuture KEC

We will do our best to succeed Smarthighway project.

ETCS Using RateETCS Using Rate

All Toll Gate

Capital

KEC handles OBE Opening Market in OBE

Open about Truck

Open Handicapped person

Credit Card

Auto-recharge card

30.49%

46.38%

58%

2013.5

※※ Discount event : 5% Usually, 20%~50% Commuting time/20kmDiscount event : 5% Usually, 20%~50% Commuting time/20km, ,

50% Small car, 50~100% Handic50% Small car, 50~100% Handicapped personapped person

2011년 2012년 2013년~ 2005

8.3 million 8.3 million OBEsOBEs ( 2013. 5)( 2013. 5)875lanes (31%)875lanes (31%)

Dual lane controller

Antenna(IR/RF)

Entry signalExit signal

For succeeding in matching vehicle, It must need 3 components

Entry signal (wire), Wireless communication result , Exit signal (wire)

Entry / Exit signal is composed of 2 pairs of detection system

ETCS DiagramETCS Diagram

The process of matchingThe process of matching

Error CaseError CaseEntry Signal

Communication Result

Exit Signal

Final Result

① ○ ○ ○ Okay

② ○ X ○ Not installed OBE

③ X/○ ○ X/○Wire Communication

System error

④ ○ ○X○○XX○○ ○In lane, many cars, But It can not match

In 3rd case, in KEC , we can detect this situation , so after several seconds,

In 4th case, in the communication region, there are many wireless communications

So we don’t know which vehicle is problem

In the wireless communication,

First entering vehicle is not always communicating at the first

the system will reset automatically

Cause it’s influenced by communication environment(C-interference, electromagnetic wave)

OBE & RFIDOBE & RFID--TAGTAG

In my presentation , OBE involve the RFID comprehensively

Originally, OBE System is composed of on-board equipment

and smart-card(IC-card)

Tag is used for charging toll , without the smart card

So, OBE is a means of just wireless communication

S-card can be used both Manual / ETCS lanes

Tag is simple unit

They have both advantages and disadvantage

also can be used the public transit