the integumentary system unit 2 support systems. vocabulary word parts 1.cutane/o-skin subcutaneous...
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The INTEGUMENTARY SystemThe INTEGUMENTARY System
Unit 2 Unit 2
Support Systems
Support Systems
Vocabulary
• Word parts
1. cutane/o- skin
Subcutaneous (beneath the skin)
1. Dermat/o- skin
Dermatologist (one who studies the skin)
1. Trich/o- hair
Trichopathy (any disease of the hair)
1. Pil/o- (pil/i-) hair
Pilocystic (a cyst containing hair)
1. - plasty surgical repair
Dermoplasty ( surgical repair of the skin)
Vocabulary
• Avascular having no blood flow
• Metastasis movement from one part of the body to another, used often to describe cancer
• Melanin causes coloration of skin hair and eye
• Keratin causes skin to be waterproof
• PA physician assistant
Functions of the Skin
• Protection
• Vitamin D Production
• Sensory Organ
• Temperature Regulation
• Protection against UV Light
Layers of the Skin
• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Subcutaneous
Epidermis
• Outer layer of skin
• Avascular - no blood vessels
Dermis
• Layer of skin under the epidermis
• Made up of collagen and elastic connective tissue fibers
• Contains the blood vessels, glands, hair follicles, and nerve endings of the skin
Subcutaneous Layer
• Not part of the true skin• Connective tissue that connects the skin
to the muscle and organs underneath• Also called the hypodermis • Contains nerve endings responsible for
deep pressure • May contain enlarged fat cells in obese
individuals
Nails
• Plates of tightly packed cells of the epidermis
• Helps to grasp and manipulate small objects
Glands of the Skin
• Sudoriferous Glands (Sweat Glands)
• Sebaceous Glands (Oil Glands)
Sudoriferous Glands(Sweat Glands)
• Glands secrete sweat - a mixture of:– water - salts - amino acids– ammonia - urea - uric acid– sugar -lactic acid -ascorbic acid
• Primary function - regulates body temperature by evaporation of water
• Eliminates some waste products
Sebaceous Glands
• Oil glands usually associated with hair follicles
• Secrete an oily substance called sebum a mixture of fats, cholesterol, protein and inorganic salts
• Keeps hair from drying out and becoming brittle
• Keeps skin soft and pliable
• Inhibits growth of certain bacteria
Hair
• Composed of dead (Keratinized) skin cells
• Primary function is protection– guards the scalp from injury and
sunlight– eyebrows - eyelashes protect the eye– ears and nostrils keep out foreign
objects
• Helps regulate body temperature• Touch receptors associated with
hair follicles
Hair Structures
Diseases and DisordersDiseases and Disorders
Integumentary
Integumentary SystemSystem
Acne
• An inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles
• Much more active at puberty– Affects boys more severely than
girls• Caused by bacteria that colonize in
the sebaceous follicles• Can be treated with over-the-
counter medications or for severe cases, prescription medications
Athletes Foot
• A common infection caused by the tinea fungus
• Symptoms include itching, burning, and cracked, scaly skin between the toes and on the feet
• It grows best in damp, dark, warm places
• Treatment includes over-the-counter antifungal creams for most cases and prescription medicines for more serious infections.
Ring Worm
• Caused by tinea fungus• Causes a red skin rash that forms a ring
on normal looking skin• This is not caused by a worm• Common treatment includes over-the-
counter antifungal creams
Jock Itch
• Cause by the tinea fungus
• Causes an itchy, burning rash in the groin area
• Common treatment includes over-the-counter- antifungal creams
Skin Cancers
• Cancerous growths of skin tissue
• The sun is responsible for over 90% of all skin cancers
• Three main types of skin cancers– Basal Cell Carcinomas– Squamous Cell Carcinomas– Malignant Melanomas
– to 16 year old me/ and Steinfeld clips
Basal Cell Carcinoma
• The most common form of cancer– 1 million new cases
estimated in the U.S. each year
– Occurs most frequently on the sun-exposed areas of the body (face, ears, neck, scalp, shoulders, and back)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
• The second most common form of skin cancer– Over 250,000 new cases per year
• Most cases are caused by chronic overexposure to the sun
• Tumors apperar most frequently on the sun exposed face, neck, bald scalp, ears, and lips
Melanoma
• Arises from the melanocytes
• The least common but most dangerous form of skin cancer
• In men is most common on the trunk, head, and neck.– In women is most
common on the lower legs
How cancer spreads video
ABCDE Method to Assess Skin Cancer
• A - Asymmetry
• B - Border
• C - Color
• D - Diameter
• E – Evolution or Elevation
Careers
• Dermatologist
• Medical Photographer
• Physician Assistant
• Plastic surgeon
Dermatologist• Concerned with the diagnosis and
treatment of diseases of the skin, hair and nails
• 8 years school + residency + specialization
• $100,000 - $200,000• Prevention and treatment, surgery,
cancer and laser surgery, cosmetic procedures- Botox, liposuction, chemical peeling, cryosurgery, eyelid surgery……
• discovery/ dermatology
Medical Photography• Biomedical photographers• Demonstrate artistic ability and scientific
knowledge• Textbooks, pamphlets, advertisements,
civil/legal procedures, teaching models, surgical procedures, medical progress or autopsy
• Create prints, charts, graphs…• $30,000-50,000• Schooling emphasis on study of photography• how to become a medical photographer• award winning medical photographer
Physician Assistant
• Practice medicine under the supervision of a physician/surgeon
• Diagnose, examine and treat patients, suture, splinting, casting and prescribing medicine
• $60000-90000
• 6-8 years school
• pumping blood into the medical field
Plastic Surgeon• Medical specialty that uses surgical / non-
surgical techniques to change appearance and function of the body
• Functionally reconstructive or cosmetic enhancements
• Burns, traumatic injuries, congenital abnormalities (cleft lip), removal of cancers, mastectomy- reconstructive
• 8 years school + residency + specialization• $90,000 ++++ a year