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Page 1: The insiders’ guide to social media for charities€¦ · Social media can help achieve your organisational goals The best starting point for deciding which channels to use is to

The insiders’ guide to social media for charities

charitycomms.org.uk

by Rob Newsome

Page 2: The insiders’ guide to social media for charities€¦ · Social media can help achieve your organisational goals The best starting point for deciding which channels to use is to

charitycomms.org.uk

Welcome

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

Let’s start with an assumption; an assumption that you know

what social media is. What you might not know is how to

best use it and how it can help your organisation achieve

its goals.

In the UK over 37 million people have a Facebook account,

over 15 million have Twitter and nearly eight million are

on LinkedIn. But despite the numbers, social media is still

a relatively new communication tool: Facebook isn’t even

a teenager yet, and Twitter has yet to reach double figures

in terms of lifespan. Finding how it works best as a medium

is still a question of trial and error, of testing, revising and

testing again.

At CharityComms, we believe in charities innovating

and experimenting to find the most effective way to

communicate with their audiences. But we also believe in

sharing success. So we’ve talked to the comms practitioners

at the forefront of social media – the ones who have invested

time, energy and creativity to find out what works and what

doesn’t, and who are actually delivering successful social

communications for their charities. We’ve mined them for

advice that we’ve included as ‘top tips’ and mini case

studies throughout this report. Social media managers from

charities as diverse as Sightsavers, Sue Ryder, Dogs Trust and

the RNLI have generously shared their experience – you can

find the full list of participants on page 33.

Social media, used strategically, can help you engage

with existing supporters, attract new ones, raise awareness

and fundraise. But there are plenty of people who are

afraid or unsure of social media; often those higher up

in organisations. This uncertainty tends to come from

a lack of understanding of how it all works, and a fear of

the potentially public consequences of failure, plus the

desire for a definitive set of principles to guarantee success.

Sadly, there isn’t a one size fits all solution and there are very

few hard and fast rules, but this is what makes it such an

exciting avenue to be explored. The aim of this guide is to

help you make the most of a massive, sometimes daunting

area that’s full of possibility. Our previous guide came out

at the end of 2011 and plenty has changed – if you can

believe it, selfies weren’t even a thing back then. Social

media is constantly evolving, and our plan is to update

this guide on a more regular basis to cover changes and

upcoming channels.

This is less of a ‘how to’ and more of a ‘here’s what’s out

there’ – you can find links to other resources at the end of

this guide if you’re starting from scratch (see page 33).

We hope our guide, and the experience of our contributors,

gets you thinking about how you can make better use of

social media and inspire you to take some chances and

try things out.

Rob Newsome, digital and social media assistant, MSF UK

Vicky Browning, director, CharityComms

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charitycomms.org.uk

Contents

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

One: Strategy, audiences and content

Two: Channels

Twitter

Facebook

LinkedIn

Google+

YouTube

Instagram

Pinterest

Tumblr

Reddit

Vine

Snapchat

WhatsApp

New and upcoming channels

Three: Tools

Four: How to make the most of social media

Campaigns and lobbying

Raising money

Finding influencers

Converting online conversations into offline action

Integrating social media with your other communications

Showing your expertise

Promoting your social media feeds

Making the case for social media to senior management

Using social media to engage young people

Viral campaigns

Crisis

What’s next?

Five: References and acknowledgements

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One: Strategy, audiences and content

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

Before you take the leap into social media and sign up to

every channel going, stop and spend some time thinking

about what you actually want to achieve.

Social media can help achieve your organisational goals The best starting point for deciding which channels to use is

to look at your organisational goals and decide how using

social media can help you achieve them.

Proving social media has assisted in achieving your goals will

help demonstrate the need for investment in the future.

Who are your audiences?Think about your current and potential audiences. Establish

profiles of these groups – what are they interested in? What

do they need or want from your charity?

How do your existing audiences use social media?To get an understanding of where your potential audiences

are, survey your existing ones. Ask your volunteers, staff,

donors and even board members about their social

media use.

This will give you a good idea of which channels to target if

you want more of the same, or could highlight gaps where

completely new audiences may exist.

4

Engaging audiences on social media

Know your audience. Audit your content, start some deep social listening and produce audience personas based on your findings.

Test your content. Target your content towards specific sections of your audience. If it fails to perform, try again.

Monitor and measure your engagement. Keep up your social listening, and measure the quality of conversations you’ve sparked on your channels. Match them with conversations your potential audience has about your key issues elsewhere on social.

Chris Hosker, social media and community manager, The Children’s Society

Listen to what people are saying. Even if as an organisation you don’t use social media, your supporters – or people with even a vague interest – will, and will be talking about you. When we set

up our @SueRyderCharity Instagram account, we discovered over 1,000 photos tagged with #SueRyder that would other-wise have gone unnoticed and unacknowledged. It may be that listening requires you to act – change tack or stick to your guns. But whatever you decide to do after listening to people, state your opinions with conviction and make sure you address concerns or praise accordingly. It’s this two-way conversation that makes social media such a powerful tool.

Joe Freeman, social media manager, Sue Ryder

TOP TIPS

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What are your competitors doing?Check out your competitors and similar sized organisations.

See which channels they are on. What type of content are

they sharing? How often are they posting? What do you like

about what they do and what do you dislike? You’ll find links

throughout this guide to examples of how different charities

are using different channels.

What resources do you have?You can easily spend all day on social media, and unless you

work in a larger charity and it’s your job, you’ve probably got

other things to do.

It’s all well and good to say you’re going to tweet three to

five times per day, but factor in the time you’ll also spend

replying to people, for example.

Get the whole organisation to think socialIf you can persuade everyone in your organisation to start

seeing the benefits of social media you’ve got a rich source

of potential content.

Colleagues going out to meet volunteers could come

back with pictures and quotes which could make a great

Facebook post, for example.

5

Resourcing your social media activity

You should match resource with ambition. There is so much scope for social and if you have enthusiastic staff in place then the sky’s the limit, but beware of trying to achieve too much too fast.

Try turning experiments into projects with schedules and deadlines. It’s a buzzkiller but you might actually do it properly!

Athar Abidi, social media manager, British Heart Foundation

Encouraging staff to get involved

I try to encourage every member of staff to get involved. For large scale campaigns or fundraising actions, I’ll usually prepare internal comms and suggest supportive content that they can send.

I’ll also scout out staff members who are particularly enthusiastic about social, and co-opt them as social media advocates for their team. This way, I can get social onto the agenda in other teams, where the social team might not have had influence before.

Chris Hosker, social media and community manager, The Children’s Society

Engaging audiences on social media

Harness the power of hyperlocal – if you have branches in various communities, from Shetland to the Scilly Isles, empower and embed your volunteers to run your social media accounts in

those communities as they will be able to have a much more meaningful and authentic relationship with your supporters.

Emily Pykett, former social media manager, RNLI

TOP TIPS

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Types of contentRemember you’re competing for attention. Ensure what

you’re sharing is interesting and relevant to your audience.

Don’t just post for the sake of it.

Decide on the tone of voice you’re planning on using – this

may vary for different channels but needs to be consistent

with your overall brand. Perfect pitch, CharityComms’ guide to creating a consistent tone of voice may help here.

Posts with images and videos tend to perform far better

than those without. It’s predicted that by 2017 over 60% of

all internet traffic will be video, which is why Facebook and

Twitter are now providing native video offerings of their own.

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Engaging audiences on social media

• Create compelling content – ideally, with personal relevance – to capture attention in the cluttered social environment and entice your audience to interact.

• Think visually – use strong imagery and multimedia to engage.

• Have a clear content calendar and plan out messaging in advance.

• Be reactive to external moments, stay on the pulse and be relevant.

• Be human, be open, be honest – get your followers talking and talk back.

• Don’t be afraid to experiment. Have fun, try new approaches and content types at different times, and then use your analytics to see what worked.

• Remember to think about the direct benefit to your audience – if you’re asking them to share content, what’s the value in their communication with their own followers?

• Keep it simple and be clear on each post’s objective.

Alicia Robinson, digital communications lead, WaterAid

Use images whenever possible! We would never (or maybe very rarely) put up a Facebook post without an image or video in it, and we are trying to include them more often on Twitter too.

Keep messages simple so that you can catch someone’s attention quickly, and make it really clear what you want them to do once they’ve read your message.

Katie Miall, digital marketing and social media manager, Alzheimer’s Society

TOP TIPS

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Engaging audiences on social media

Have clear asks. We get a much bigger response when we’re really clear about what we want people to do – read, share, comment, forward – so spell it out.

We’re always looking for new ways for our audiences to get involved rather than just passively absorbing content, but the feedback loop is important - you have to show people what you’re doing with their contributions so they know it’s valuable and not just an empty action.

Kate McCoy, social media manager, Sightsavers

Measuring success

We use a range of measurement tools. We have a very sophisticated monthly scorecard that aligns with AMEC measuring that tells us how output influences outcomes in terms of our

supporter journey, from awareness to taking actions such as liking, sharing, donating, nominating, signing-up or watching our videos.

We set KPIS for reach/sales etc before each marketing campaign and benchmark success against those. We analyse the top two performing posts on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube in weekly and monthly metrics reports. We keep an eye on how things are going day by day and are quickly alerted when we reach milestones in follower numbers or reach.

Emily Pykett, former social media manager, RNLI

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

Calls to actionWhat do you want users to do when they see your content?

If you want them to donate, register for an event or sign a

petition, let them know.

The most successful content will have a clear call to action.

MeasurementThis of course depends on your goals. If your goal is to

increase your media coverage and you’ve used Twitter to

build relationships with journalists that’s great. If you want to

establish partnerships with businesses and you’ve done that

using LinkedIn, again, great.

Try not to get too bogged down in how many likes/followers/

retweets you have, unless you are running an awareness

campaign.

You can get more meaningful stats using Google Analytics:

you’ll see some basic stats in the Google Analytics Acquisition

section under the Social tab. Set up goals and conversions to

properly measure your social media calls to action.

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TOP TIPS

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Engaging audiences on social media

Learn from what works – we closely monitor post success and try to replicate those that get the best responses. And experiment – the frequency of posting on social means that there’s little cost

to trying and failing so if you try a new tone or tactic and it doesn’t work you just move on to something else.

Kate McCoy, social media manager, Sightsavers

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

AdaptChances are after you’ve tried posting different types of

content on different channels you’ll come to find what does

and doesn’t work. This will allow you to adapt and adjust your

social media strategy accordingly.

What is success?What does success mean to you? How many likes/followers

you have? Probably not.

Proving a return on investment for social media is difficult.

How much do you judge someone visiting your site and

signing up to your newsletter to be worth for example?

Again, using Google Analytics you can use conversions

and put a monetary value on the actions your supporters

are taking.

How do you measure social media success?

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TOP TIPS

Great work we’ve done: Dogs Trust

Our ‘Wag’vent Calendar campaign celebrated success stories provided by our followers.

This worked because our followers enjoy seeing dogs in their new homes:

they love a happy ending. It also gave them a chance to get involved as they could upload their own stories via our website – in a hope to be included in the campaign. Occasionally behind a window we would have a donation appeal, or a link to our Amazon Wish lists – which did very well.

Abbie Smith, digital marketing officer, Dogs Trust

CASE STUDY

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Resourcing your social media activity

Around one third of our best performing posts are published out of hours, so we are turning our attention to how we resource our channels at evenings and weekends, when most of our target

audiences are online.

Emily Pykett, former social media manager, RNLI

Encouraging staff to get involved

We’ve seen staff using their own social media channels – Twitter especially – to good use in encouraging event participants, thanking them and strengthening our relationships. A lot of our

shop staff are also active on social media.

Having so many people with their own accounts can become difficult to manage. However personal contact with as many of them as possible works well. This way you can explain your objectives and also offer encouragement and support. This personal, one-to-one contact also helps when you need to offer constructive criticism or ask people to remove unauthorised accounts – which does happen from time to time.

Joe Freeman, social media manager, Sue Ryder

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

Out-of-hoursSocial media doesn’t stick to 9-5. People are constantly

checking their phones: this could be on their commute, last

thing at night or first thing in the morning.

This means you need to be prepared to take advantage

of opportunities that arise outside of office hours.

Here’s how Mind has it covered.

Guidelines for staffThis is an issue which seems to divide many people. Do you

want a set of guidelines telling your staff how to behave

on their own social media profiles? Or, do you trust them

to behave in an appropriate manner?

Here is the BBC’s recent social media guidance for news

group staff and this blog lists examples of over 300 social media policies.

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TOP TIPS

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Two: Channels

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

Bebo and MySpace were given a mention in our previous

guide, sadly they don’t make the cut this time.

Here are some channels you will have heard of and a couple

of others to think about.

TWITTER

What do you need to know?– 140 character updates shared with your followers and

potentially their followers.

– There are around 15 million active users in the UK.

– 76% of users connect with mobile devices.

– Twitter has 236 million active users worldwide.

– 500 million tweets are sent every day, with 80% coming

from mobiles.

Best for: Sharing short updates and engaging with key

influencers.

Less good for: Sharing in-depth policy insights.

TerminologyProfile: Your tweets and retweets will appear here for

everyone to see.

Timeline: Your feed: here you will see the tweets of people

you follow and their retweets.

Retweet: Sharing a tweet with your followers.

Following: The accounts you follow. Their tweets appear on

your timeline.

Followers: The accounts that follow you. Your tweets appear

in their timeline.

Notifications: Your new followers, your tweets that have been

retweeted, favourited, replied to and mentions.

Mentions: See who has tweeted using your @ name. If you

tweet @CharityComms you’ve just mentioned CharityComms

and we’ll see your tweet in our notifications and our

mentions.

Direct messages: Private messages between accounts that

follow each other.

Hashtags: A way of categorising tweets. For example, if

CharityComms has an event on digital media we could

start a #CCDigital hashtag. This means tweets including this

hashtag can all be searched for together. Anyone who clicks

the hashtag will see all other tweets marked with it included.

Reply: Send an @ message in response to someone’s tweet.

Favourite: This is used in different ways by different people,

but in general it means someone likes your tweet, or is

acknowledging that they’ve seen it.

Lists: You can divide your followers into lists, making it easier to

keep up with different sets of people. For example you could

have a list of celebrity supporters and another of your board

members.

Discovery: Content Twitter thinks you might be interested in.

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Now what?Your page is set up, you’re following some of the people/

organisations you know and like and you’ve picked up some

followers of your own. What can you do next?

1 Getting to know youTwitter’s a great medium to show off your brand. It provides

a perfect opportunity to show that there are real people

working behind the scenes and that you’re not just a logo.

2 EngageTalk to people. Join in conversations, be interesting and

helpful. Ask questions, respond to questions. Introduce

people. Share others’ content that you think will be

interesting to your audience too.

3 Share your news and success storiesIf someone’s following you it’s because they’re interested in

your work. Let them know what you’re up to.

4 Raise awarenessNot everything you tweet is going to ‘go viral’ but by posting

relevant and interesting content you’re increasing your

chances of being retweeted. RTs from influential people can

help you reach new audiences.

5 ListenFind out what people are saying about your organisation,

your causes and your campaigns.

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Managing your account day-to-dayOne of the best ways to manage your Twitter account is to

sign up for a dashboard tool such as Hootsuite or Tweetdeck.

In one screen you can see your notifications, messages, and

search results for topics you’re interested in. You can also

schedule tweets to be sent out automatically. There’s more

about those in the Tools section of the guide.

• Keep an eye on your Mentions tab to see new interactions

and followers. Reply, retweet and favourite as appropriate.

• Check your timeline. Look at what the people you

follow are talking about. Join conversations if you’ve got

something interesting to add.

• Monitor. Look at hashtags/keywords relevant to your

organisation. For example, CharityComms has a saved

search on Tweetdeck for people using the #comms

hashtag.

• Use Twitter Analytics. Notice which types of tweets work

best, and at what time.

Paying for itTwitter, like most of the established social media channels,

is coming up with ways to make money from its product.

On your homepage click the small image of your profile and

you will see Twitter Ads. Here you have the following options

to run an advert to increase the following:

• Followers

• Website clicks or conversions

• Tweet engagements

• App installs or engagements

• Leads on Twitter

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You can then target by:

• Location

• Gender

• Languages

• Interests

• Keywords – target searches or users who tweet using

certain words

• Followers – target users who follow certain accounts.

For example, you could enter the name of a similar

charity to target their followers.

You then set a budget for the campaign and you’ll be

charged for the engagement you’ve decided on.

Read how Dignity in Dying used a promoted tweet campaign to get over 18,000 retweets.

A couple of charities worth checking out on Twitter: Unicef WWF UK

Read how quickly things can spread on Twitter – Learnings from a Twitter storm.

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Encouraging staff to get involved

We’re keen to connect our 20 centres nationwide with local audiences via individual Twitter feeds. Most centres have one staff member managing their feed. They use Twitter to promote events

such as microchipping and Open Days.

Management-wise, we have access to all feeds but only provide advice and assistance when necessary.

We are conscious not to have inactive/sparse Twitter feeds, and so will follow this up at a local level if needs be. We remind members of staff that although they are tweeting for their own centre, they need to uphold the Dogs Trust brand and engage with the whole audience nationwide.

Abbie Smith, digital marketing officer, Dogs Trust

TOP TIPS

Great work we’ve done: Age UK

Our #NotByMySelfie campaign was developed as a distinct social strand of our wider No One Should Have No One campaign. We took out the sadder elements of the offline campaign and allowed people to share the positive alternative on their social channels.

We got a great response and showed that if you can come up with a hashtag that conveys your campaign message and make the selfie integral to that message, you can get the public to engage.

We replied to everyone who uploaded a selfie to thank them and put out a secondary ask. This started a conversation that we could take wherever was appropriate, be it recruiting volunteers, eventers or a text donation.

Athar Abidi, former social media manager, Age UK

CASE STUDY

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FACEBOOK

What do you need to know?– As of May 2014 there were 30.3 million active users in

the UK.

– Half of all Facebook users have more than 200 friends.

– 44% of users like content posted by their friends at least

once a day.

Best for: Creating communities and encouraging longer

conversations.

Less good for: Reaching young people – have they

moved on?

TerminologyPage: Your organisation’s presence on Facebook.

Activity: Here you can see notifications of how people have

interacted with your page.

Insights: Information about your page’s performance. You

can see the reach, and engagement levels of your posts.

You can also compare your page’s performance to other

organisations.

Likes: The people who have found your page and indicated

they’re interested in it by clicking ‘like’. Your posts and

content will appear in their timeline.

Now what?1 Choose your tabs: At the top of your page you can edit

your about section and choose the tabs most relevant to

your organisation.

2 Share content: Images and videos. Posts with images

receive, on average, 50% more likes than those without.

On a busy, cluttered timeline an eye-catching image will

stand out.

3 Ask questions: Without a character limit Facebook is an

excellent way of getting to know your audience. Ask them

questions about why they support your cause, for example.

4 Advertise your events: Before you go to any event you

want to see the guest list: on Facebook you can see all the

confirmed attendees and there’s room for people to chat.

5 Custom tabs: You can add custom apps to your page.

A good idea is to include a sign up form for your newsletter,

so you can keep in touch more regularly.

Managing your account day-to-day• Check your notifications. You’ll see them for new fans,

and things current fans have liked and shared.

• Like and reply to comments your fans have left on

your posts.

• Keep an eye on the posts users have left of their own

on your profile and private messages.

• Like other charity pages or other companies/products

you want to connect with.

• Post your content or share others’ on your page.

• Monitor Facebook Insights to see how your posts are

performing, and notice any changes in number of likes

and active users.

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Paying for itWhen you post on Facebook you’ll notice the option to

‘Boost Post’ next to the regular ‘Post’ button. This is one of

Facebook’s ways to make money. When you post to your

page’s wall only a limited number of the people who have

liked your post will see it, depending on who is online at the

time. You can pay to make sure it’s seen by more of your

fans, and also those who haven’t liked your page yet.

There are other advertising options. At the top of your page

you’ll notice a ‘Build Audience’ link, click this and there’s

‘Use Adverts Manager’, with the option to ‘Create Advert’.

You’ll be presented with the following options:

• Send people to your website

• Increase conversions on your website

• Boost your posts

• Promote your Page

• Get installs of your app

• Increase engagement in your app

• Raise attendance at your event

• Get people to claim your offer

• Get video views

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Once you’ve decided the action, you need to select who

you want to take it. Facebook allows you to target your

ads by:

• Location

• Age

• Gender

• Interests

• Behaviours

• Connections (people who already like your page and

those who don’t)

Then you decide how much you’re willing to spend and

create your advert.

A couple of charities worth checking out on Facebook: RNLI Diabetes UK

Read how Plan UK manages its global Facebook network.

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LINKEDIN

What do you need to know?Over 15 million users in the UK in 2014.

Here’s a handy infographic on the sort of people using it.

LinkedIn is the social network for professionals. If you’re

looking to make contacts with the business world or want

your content seen by professionals with an interest in your

organisation or your area of expertise it’s the place to be.

Best for: Making connections in the private sector.

Less good for: Sharing your fun, new campaign.

TerminologyProfile: This is your personal page. You’ll need one to manage

your company page.

Connections: The people you have personally connected

with, colleagues etc.

Groups: You can create and join groups to take part in

discussions and share ideas.

Pulse: A timeline of content tailored to your profession.

Mail: Private messages between users.

Company page: Your organisation’s page, which people

choose to follow.

Now what?

1 Set up your personal profile so you can start on your

charity’s Company Page.

2 Fill out your Company Page with as much relevant

information as you can. This is where you show what your

organisation is all about.

3 Post content your audience will like and share.

4 Connect: Use your personal profile to connect to people

you’ve worked with, ex-colleagues, agencies you’ve worked

with, business people you’d like to have involved with your

charity, decision makers and influencers.

5 Start a group: For example, CharityComms has a

group for our Heads of Digital leads, our PR Network, our

Creatives group and our Brand Breakfast. It’s an ideal way

to get people who work in the same area from different

organisations talking and sharing ideas and experiences.

6 Look for volunteers with LinkedIn for Volunteers.

Managing your account• Check your notifications. You’ll see who has liked your own

posts, posts on your company page and who has viewed

your personal profile.

• Add people who have asked to connect with you;

connect with others.

• Written a blog? Share it on LinkedIn publisher.

• Post to your Company Page.

• Check the analytics tab to see how your posts are

performing.

Paying for it• Premium Display Ads – These are adverts which appear on

the right hand side of a user’s LinkedIn page.

• Sponsored InMail – These are messages sent directly to the

mail inbox of your chosen targets.

• Sponsored Updates – Sponsor your content to appear in

target users’ timelines.

A couple of charities worth checking out on LinkedIn: OxfamThe Prince’s Trust

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GOOGLE+

What do you need to know?– Over one billion registered users: active users are said to be

around 300 million.

Best for: Dividing influencers and sharing specific content with

them easily.

Less good for: Your influencers might not be using it…

Google+ hasn’t quite taken off in the way it was expected to

when it was launched in 2011. That doesn’t mean it can’t be

a useful tool though. It’s widely reported that using Google

Plus can have a positive impact on your search engine

rankings, and there of course a committed core of users on

the platform for you to connect with.

Posting to your page is quick and easy, you can create

circles to differentiate types of people and you can

select which circles see which content. There’s also a

Communities section which you can use to find people

with similar interests.

One feature that you may find handy is Google Hangouts.

These are video chats that you can have with numerous

people all joining in.

A charity worth checking out on Google+: Technology Trust

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Great work we’ve done: Sightsavers

To launch our A Million Miracles fundraising campaign we broadcast a live cataract operation via Google+ Hangouts.

In the run up to the operation we’d been introducing the characters – surgeons, the patient, their family, Sightsavers staff – on Twitter, Facebook, blog posts and videos to build a relationship and an audience for the live

broadcasts. We had an amazing group of bloggers sharing their stories and tweeting for us too.

The technology failed on the second live broadcast when the patient’s bandages came off, but we were able to give updates via Twitter and drive people to the website to see the video later. We made a two minute video of the whole campaign which lived on beyond the live broadcasts and reached a much wider audience. It worked because the audience had such a strong connection with the individual who was having his sight restored having seen how difficult his life was when he was blind.

Kate McCoy, social media manager, Sightsavers

CASE STUDY

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Great work we’ve done: RNLI

Often, the best results aren’t planned and are a massive team effort: a video of a lifeguard rescuing a six-year-old boy from a rip current went viral simply because it was incredible footage.

You could see the lifeguard’s arms paddling on the bodyboard, hear the poor boy screaming, the lifeguard was shouting “I’m coming to get you buddy” – it was pure human drama, sent shivers down your spine. It was picked up by Sky and all the major news channels so views went through the roof. It happened to coincide with a major safety campign – Respect The Water – so we were able to promote lots of safety messages off the back of that. And it was all thanks to the quick thinking lifeguards who got parental consent and uploaded the footage in super quick time.

Emily Pykett, former social media manager, RNLI

CASE STUDIES

contents � �    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

YOUTUBE

What do you need to know?– The world’s second largest search engine.

– Over a billion people use YouTube with over four billion

videos being viewed daily.

– Over 300 hours of video uploaded every minute.

Best for: Short, hard-hitting or funny videos.

Less good for: Your feature length documentary.

YouTube is the video sharing network now owned by Google.

This is where you can easily upload and share your video

content. You can use embed links to host the videos on your

own or others’ websites.

You will create your own channel where all your videos will

be stored. This can also be shared on your Google+ page.

YouTube has a non-profit offer which allows charities to

include donate buttons and also tailored call to action

messages which appear over your videos.

Many charities are still getting to grips with how best to use

YouTube. Thinking of it as a search engine is one way to

improve your results.

Another important side to YouTube has been the rise of

vloggers (video bloggers). Mind has recently taken on a

vlogger, Zoella, as its first digital ambassador.

A couple of charities worth checking out on YouTube: Save The Children Scope

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Great work I admire: #BHF’s HardAndFast

I always consider the BHF’s #HardAndFast campaign featuring Vinnie Jones demonstrating hands-only CPR as a brilliant example of a digital campaign that also encompassed work from all areas across the charity.

While it was a serious message the content was fun, actually helped to save people’s lives and generated a huge amount of conversation online. I think this example should be of particular note because of the work involved across the organisation to make it work as well as possible. As an example of charity communication work, it’s up there with the best.

Joe Freeman, social media manager, Sue Ryder

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INSTAGRAM

What do you need to know?– Over 300 million active users, over 100 million of those

joined in the last year.

– Bought by Facebook in 2012 for $1 billion.

– On average 70 million photos are uploaded every day.

Best for: Sharing high quality images with a highly engaged

audience.

Less good for: Driving traffic to your website.

Instagram is a photo and short video sharing site.

You can set up your charity’s own Instagram page and share

photos, which you can edit with filters and various other

image enhancing tools.

Using appropriate hashtags you will attract new followers,

likes and comments.

Posting the images to Facebook is easy although Twitter

makes it somewhat harder, the site is even currently trying to

persuade celebrities to stop posting Instagram links entirely.

A couple of charities worth checking out on Instagram: WaterAid MSF

PINTEREST

What do you need to know?– Over 70% of its users are female.– Total users estimated to be 70 million.

Best for: Driving people to your website through strong

imagery.

Less good for: Engaging with men.

Another image based social network, Pinterest revolves

around users’ Boards. On their Boards they share their

own pins (an image with a description/link attached) and

repin others’ pins. It’s a way of bookmarking and collecting

images which represent your interests.

A particularly visual charity could create a series of boards

sharing the different kind of work it is involved in.

How can charities use Pinterest?

A couple of charities worth checking out on Pinterest: Dogs Trust NSPCC

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TUMBLR

What do you need to know?– Yahoo bought Tumblr for $1.1 billion in 2013.

– It has over 400 million users, with over 200 million blogs.

Best for: Posting content that might not fit on your website.

Less good for: Engaging with people no longer in their teens.

Tumblr is a micro-blogging channel which you can customise

to suit your charity’s brand.

It concentrates on shorter, shareable content, making it easy

for people to share your content and for you to share your

audience’s content. It’s ideal if you’re encouraging young

people to get involved with your cause.

Tumblr can work well if you’re running a campaign with a

slightly different tone or type of content than you’d normally

post to your website.

A couple of charities worth checking out on Tumblr: Greenpeace Oxfam GB

REDDIT

What do you need to know?– The 25th most popular website on the Internet.

– It has 174 million monthly visitors.

Best for: Conversation: replies are generally aimed at

one person.

Less good for: Broadcasting your work.

Referred to as ‘the front page of the internet’, reddit is

essentially a global bulletin board where users up vote

or down vote content they like or dislike.

How can charities use reddit to spread their message?

A couple of charities worth checking out on Reddit: Save The Children Scope

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VINE

What do you need to know?– 40 million users.

– Over 1 billion loops daily.

Best for: Quick, creative videos.

Less good for: Professional quality videos.

A video app owned by Twitter, playing videos of no more

than six seconds on a continuous loop. They can be easily

shared on Twitter or embedded on to a web page.

The fact they can be filmed directly from a phone makes

them incredibly easy to make. They can be used to capture

a spur of the moment thing – like an animal doing something

cute! Or, perhaps something more useful, like a really quick

and simple ‘thank you’ message for donors.

Read how Dogs Trust was an early adopter of Vine.

A couple of charities worth checking out on Vine: Diabetes UK American Red Cross

SNAPCHAT

What do you need to know?– Total Snapchat users: 60 million.

– Over 400 million snaps sent daily.

– Just over 70% of its users are under 25.

Best for: Sending exclusive content.

Less good for: Getting that content shared.

Snapchat is a photo messaging app which allows users to

take photos, record videos and add text and drawings, and

send them to their contacts. The photos then disappear after

1-10 seconds depending on how long the sender has set.

How charities can use Snapchat.

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WHATSAPP

What do you need to know?– A social messaging service bought by Facebook for

$19 billion in 2014.

– It has around 700 million monthly active users.

– 30 billion messages are sent on it every day.

Best for: More private conversations.

Less good for: Getting content shared.

WhatsApp is an instant messaging tool a lot like traditional

SMS, but it’s free to send and receive messages.

WhatsApp is a great way to share your content with

supporters whose mobile phone number you have. The fact

it’s a direct message to a mobile makes it a more intimate

and personal experience than many social sites.

Use WhatsApp to share your blog posts, provide news

and updates, and communicate with your customers and

readers. Give them a reason to like and trust you.

A WhatsApp group is one of the best features. For example

if you’re running an event, get all the phone numbers of

attendees and invite them to join the event group. You can

then keep them updated with what’s happening.

New and upcoming channels

PERISCOPE An app from Twitter, Periscope allows users to live-stream

video from their phones.

VIBER Like WhatsApp but with the option of video calling.

BUBBLY Allows users to record and share voice messages.

WHISPER Users can share and receive messages anonymously.

ELLO Supposedly the ad free answer to Facebook.

Know of another social media site worth a mention?

Email [email protected]

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Three: Tools

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

Here are a few other tools to help you get the most out

of your social media.

Social media management toolsHootSuite

A social media management dashboard which allows

you to manage Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, Google+ all

in one place.

Tweetdeck

A management dashboard for Twitter. It allows you to

see all your Twitter streams, ie notifcations, messages,

hashtags all in one screen. You can also use it to schedule

your tweets.

Followerwonk

Allows you to analyse your Twitter followers.

Sprout Social A social media management system focusing on

engagement, publishing and analytics. It integrates

with Facebook, Twitter, Google+ and LinkedIn.

BuzzSumo

A social analytics tool that recognises popular topics

of discussion.

Keyhole

A hashtag tracker for Twitter, Facebook and Instagram.

Free content toolsStorify

Allows you to curate your social media posts into a story.

Flickr An image hosting website, with many images available

for use under Creative Commons licence (ie free).

Canva

Design software to make images for the web.

Gimp

Image manipulation software.

If you use a social media tool or app you think deserves to be

listed here please get in touch [email protected]

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Engaging audiences on social media

Give audiences what they need to show their support – great visual assets, inspiring statements or good news stories encourage sharing because the supporter can feel proud to be a part of

what we do.

Kate McCoy, social media manager, Sightsavers

Four: How to make the most of social media

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

CAMPAIGNS AND LOBBYING

Social media campaignsSocial media is an ideal platform to raise awareness about

your cause. You can get your messages seen by the right

people, make the case for change and – possibly most

importantly – make it easy for supporters to take action.

Social media is integral to online campaigning. The most

successful campaigns have a very clear message aimed at

a specific audience. For example, Scope’s End The Awkward

campaign was aimed at a 25-30 year old, metropolitan

audience. Good ideas, executed well can spread easily

online as sharing the content has never been simpler. If

supporters find the campaign interesting or feel it has value

they can tell their own audience at the click of a button.

Finding Mike was an incredibly successful campaign for

Rethink Mental Illness.

Keep an eye on Third Sector’s Digital Campaign of the Week

for inspiration.

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TOP TIPS

Great work we’ve done: Alzheimer’s Society

We ran a cross-channel campaign around the G8 summit on dementia that had a mainly social focus.

We created a video that tried to raise awareness about the lack of significant developments in dementia research, and

promoted this across our social media channels using promoted tweets to increase our reach. We also made use of our email data to let our supporters know about the event, and encouraged them to share the video with their own audiences.

It took a lot of work to get everything in place, but it was great to run something that took advantage of a big news event in a meaningful way.

Katie Miall, digital marketing and social media manager, Alzheimer’s Society

CASE STUDY

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Encouraging staff to get involved

The policy team all have logins to the policy twitter account and tweet themselves from events – we’re trying to demonstrate and share their expertise so it’s essential they’re the

ones contributing. It’s about trust and giving people the confidence to feel comfortable – training helps, and being there to guide people.

We encourage the whole organisation to contribute information for use on the main account but it’s managed centrally. We’re looking at rolling out training for everyone to use their personal accounts for work purposes, if they’re willing to.

Kate McCoy, social media manager, Sightsavers

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

LobbyingUsing social media in political campaigning has hugely

grown in importance for charities.

For large charities, asking supporters to lobby for change is

a regular and focused activity. Shelter recently used social

media to encourage 10,000 people to sign their petition for

more affordable housing to be built.

“Social media has increased the opportunity and power

of self-organising, leading to an emerging trend of

grassroots, micro-level campaigning activity. This creates

new challenges for campaigning charities if they are

to remain relevant and influential.” Read more from Peter Gilheany on ‘Grassroots campaigning – a ‘bottom-up’ approach’.

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RAISING MONEY

Can you raise money with social media?Ask Cancer Research UK, they raised £8 million from a

campaign they didn’t start!

Chances are your organisation won’t be on the receiving

end of a #NoMakeUpSelfie type phenomenon. However,

if you’re using social media to drive people to the right

pages on your website they can easily donate to your

charity online.

How to raise money onlineRemember, social networking sites don’t raise money –

people do. And people will only become your fundraisers if

they are emotionally committed to your cause. Social media

offers the chance to communicate with your supporters to

build up that emotional attachment.

Another, very different example of how Cancer Research UK

is raising money is Dryathalon – where participants are

encouraged to give up alcohol for a month. In 2013 it raised

over £3 million and over £5 million in 2014. Social media

provided an ideal platform for people participating to share

what they were doing, their fundraising achievements and

their medals.

Relationships are key once again. If you have built up a good

relationship online with supporters who are interested in your

cause, you will find them much more open to supporting

you financially.

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Great work we’ve done: WaterAid

The social media campaign we’re most proud of is our most successful ever for To be a girl – which won Silver at the 2014 DMAs for ‘Best Use of Social Media for Customer Acquisition’.

Through compelling storytelling and talking about taboo subjects – such as menstruation and open defecation – we elicited meaningful comment and high levels of interaction on social channels. We tested a range of creative executions – refreshing and optimising along the way – closely aligning paid and organic to create continuity, and took people on an integrated digital journey with multiple touch points.

With #MeAsAGirl, our share-and-donate mini social campaign, we benefited from large-scale reach as celebrities and influencers shared their own content and helped us to spread our message further. It was a great cross-team effort, with everyone coming together to

align channels, and deliver brave and challenging content.

The result was that social not only drove huge volumes of engagement and traffic to our microsite content, but it also generated a significant amount of donations among new audiences too.

Alicia Robinson, digital communications lead, WaterAid

CASE STUDY

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FINDING INFLUENCERS

You can use social media to reach out to people and

organisations who can make a difference to yours.

Establishing connections with the most influential online

personalities can build your work, extend its reach and help

get your message out.

Use lists to keep track of influential people who work in,

or talk about, your area of work. Follow them and begin

building relationships.

CONVERTING ONLINE CONVERSATIONS INTO OFFLINE ACTION

Online action is important, but is far from the be all and end

all of any charity’s engagement strategy.

Your organisation will no doubt have offline events and

campaigns. Use social media to promote them and get

people talking and involved in the discussions around the

event. Meet them offline and make them an integral part

of your charity.

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Great work I admire: @HumansofNY

I really loved @HumansofNY’s project for the UN. This is a popular blogger and photographer who runs humansofnewyork.com and went with the UN on a 50 day tour of the

world to gather photos, stories and to raise raise awareness of the Millennium Development Goals.

It’s a great example of working with an influencer to get a message across and it’s such a natural fit with the way he usually works. It didn’t feel contrived or forced and the stories were really powerful. Such fantastic content that was a genuine pleasure to read.

Kate McCoy, social media manager, Sightsavers

CASE STUDY

Measuring success

Social media success for us, is engagement – leading to people taking action. From visiting their local centre to adopt a dog to ensuring their dogs are microchipped. Although having 800,000+ likes

on Facebook is great, what’s important to us is how many of those are engaging with us daily – taking on our advice and rehoming our dogs.

Abbie Smith, digital marketing officer, Dogs Trust

TOP TIPS

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Integrating social media with other channels

It’s essential to integrate at every opportunity, and to plan integrated campaigns rather than channel specific activity. Social media should sit in the middle of the process – use other channels

like email or media to get the reach to kick start something, send people to social to consume or share, then send them on to your site or action-based destination to get the rest of the story and complete the journey.

Integrating channels can give engagement a boost – we’ll often email supporters to ask them to take actions on social. You can reach people directly rather than relying on them seeing your posts.

Kate McCoy, social media manager, Sightsavers

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

INTEGRATING SOCIAL MEDIA WITH YOUR OTHER COMMUNICATIONS

Remember, social media is just the medium through which

your messages are being delivered.

Having established what your charity’s aims and objectives

are, you will see where social media fits in with the rest of

your comms.

Integration with your other communications can be as

easy as planning and ensuring social media activity and

communications are carefully timed to happen together.

Your campaign activity will be planned so that you launch

your press releases, online video, Twitter hashtag and

Facebook campaign all at the same time. This will maximise

your campaign’s impact across all channels. For more on

integrating your comms across all channels, download CharityComms’ free best practice guide One voice.

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TOP TIPS

Great work we’ve done: Sue Ryder

At Sue Ryder, our #Not9to5 campaign – calling for expert 24/7 care for families of carers of people who are dying – allowed us to share some very personal stories that helped us generate over 1,000 petition signatures

in our first few weeks of the campaign running online.

While the results weren’t ground-breaking, what I am proud of is how for the first time here, this was a properly integrated campaign with marketing, digital, PR and campaigns all working together effectively to deliver a project. This was a real shift in terms of working together and had a huge impact on the overall results of the campaign.

Joe Freeman, social media manager, Sue Ryder

CASE STUDY

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Engaging audiences on social media

Talk to people, and if you can, reply to everything. If you’re posting a question, or asking people’s opinion on something your charity is working on, it’s important to acknowledge what they say.

Sometimes social media is seen as too much of a broadcast tool when it works best as two-way communication.

Also – listen to what people are saying about you. Having searches set up on Twitter for just your charity’s name – or name as a hashtag – can often show conversations you’d otherwise have missed.

Joe Freeman, social media manager, Sue Ryder

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

SHOWING YOUR EXPERTISE

Your organisation being seen as the ‘experts in your field’ has

obvious reputational benefits and helps you stand out from

the competition. Using social media to share your expertise

in the form of engaging content can only add to your

reputation.

Traditional ‘broadcast’ marketing doesn’t work on social

media. Rather than simply telling your audience what you

want them to do, you’re providing content with added

value. It’s about giving audiences something meaningful

which they can interact with.

Creating moving, funny, informative or just entertaining

content means supporters will come back to your channels

of their own accord.

If your charity is one of many working in a particular area, this

is even more important. Make it easy and desirable for your

supporters to find you.

PROMOTING YOUR SOCIAL MEDIA FEEDS

Once you’ve decided to set up a particular social media

channel you’ll be wanting the likes and follows to start rolling in.

A good way to get existing supporters liking your channels is

to ask them to via email. Include links to your social channels

in your email templates too and in staff signatures.

Add social buttons to your websites, at the top, or header

section of websites so they appear on every page.

Remember, most social media users are on numerous

channels, so be sure to cross-promote.

Promote your channels offline too on your print marketing,

at your events and even on business cards.

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TOP TIPS

Great work I admire: National Trust and the British Legion

I’m a sucker for the work The National Trust does on digital and I’ve always been an admirer of the British Legion’s work and its annual poppy appeal campaign. Both organisations are part of the fabric of English society and they have both worked out how to use social to dispel ideas of their being ‘out of touch’.

Working for a charity associated with older people I am currently trying to do the same for Age UK and finding that confounding people’s expectations is a lot of fun.

Athar Abidi, former social media manager, Age UK

CASE STUDY

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Measuring success

I’m a strong believer that social media should be understood at all levels of an organisation so that everyone can see how important it is (and can be) – while also understanding the potential risks

involved. To this end, having an executive team and board of trustees who know who your social media manager is, and understand how this role works will help digital as a whole to be better integrated across the charity, with appropriate levels of support and investment.

Joe Freeman, social media manager, Sue Ryder

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

MAKING THE CASE FOR SOCIAL MEDIA TO SENIOR MANAGEMENT

Facts and figures are the best way to get buy-in from senior

management for social media. Talk about it in terms they

will understand: building trust, reputation management

and customer service for example. Explain social media is

something your audiences expect you to be on and isn’t just

a fad; your organisation cannot afford to be left behind.

The bit they may want to hear even less: it’s now not just

enough for them to understand social. There is an increasing

expectation that CEOs should have a presence on social

media themselves.

This infographic about the corporate world talks about the

link between CEOs with a social media presence and the

trustworthiness of an organisation. Why not quote Sir Richard

Branson, Virgin Group founder: “Embracing social media isn’t

just a bit of fun, it’s a vital way to communicate, keep your

ear to the ground and improve your business.”

How to invest in social media from The Scout Association.

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USING SOCIAL MEDIA TO ENGAGE YOUNG PEOPLE

Young people have grown up with social media, it’s second

nature to many and they’re in the know about the latest

channels. It’s your job to keep up with them. You need to

go to them: they’re not going to come to you on sites they

consider ‘old hat’.

The importance of this can be seen from Ipsos Mori results

about the 2015 general election, with a third of young

people saying social media would influence their vote.

This American teenager wrote his thoughts on social media sites, which gives an interesting alternative view.

VIRAL CAMPAIGNS

We’d love nothing more than to present you with a ‘Here’s

how to create a viral hit guide’ – sadly, that doesn’t exist.

A viral campaign is one that’s been shared quickly and

widely between Internet users. You will have heard of

#NoMakeUpSelfie and #IceBucketChallenge.

Chances are your campaign won’t ‘go viral’. Both of those

mentioned above were user-led; people joined in because

they were being nominated by their peers not because a

charity was telling them to.

This isn’t to say you shouldn’t be prepared for a viral

campaign. Something your charity posts, or more likely,

something a supporter creates could capture the

imagination of the public and you’ll become inundated

with tweets, Facebook posts and visits to your website.

Having a plan in place should this happen is vital to make

sure you make the most of the opportunity.

Where’s our viral campaign? The Comms Insider. Read why

viral campaigns like Ice Bucket challenge hurt other charities.

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Great work I admire: #FightforYashika and #YourMencap

The #FightForYashika campaign (a campaign by students to save their classmate from deportation) perfectly showed how to drive grassroots mobilisation from a very valuable audience – young people.

And more recently, Mencap’s bottom-up success with #YourMencap (to celebrate its new five year plan, Mencap encouraged staff and volunteers to share what the organisation’s

values meant to them) used the audience’s willingness to quickly get involved with a non-brand led idea.

Chris Hosker, social media and community manager, The Children’s Society

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Talk to othersIf you’re not sure what to do, speak to people in your

organisation about your response.

Have a system in place for people to be available if a crisis

should occur.

Out of hours If you’re a smaller organisation and you don’t have an out

of hours policy it is fine to say “We’ll look into this, we’ll get

back to you.” Perhaps put the hours your social media does

operate on your profile.

Keep everyone in the loopLet the rest of the organisation know what’s happened in

case they get phone calls or emails about it.

Don’t feed the trollA troll is someone who spends their time upsetting people on

the internet. They often deliberarely try and cause arguments

and attempt to provoke reactions. If it becomes clear you

are dealing with someone who is purely out to try and get

a reaction from you, don’t be tempted to respond and give

them what they want.

Post things you’d be happy with your boss and your mum seeingA rule we’ve read many times, and should keep you out

of too much bother!

For more advice on handling a social media crisis, download CharityComms’ best practice guide to crisis communications.

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

CRISIS

One of the main reasons organisations are put off using

social media is a fear of what might go wrong. With the right

planning, chances are a social media ‘crisis’ isn’t going to

have a long term, detrimental effect on your organisation.

The very nature of most social media means that there is a

potential for conflict. You’re sharing information, messages

and possibly opinion with strangers, there will be people who

don’t like or agree with what you’re saying, and there are

those who are just out to cause trouble.

What is a crisis?Someone disagreeing with you on Twitter isn’t a crisis.

Someone posting that they’ve had a bad experience

with your organisation on Facebook isn’t a crisis. A crisis is

something that negatively impacts your brand in the long

run. With this in mind, how you react to that tweet or that

post is important.

Is it a complaint or feedback?Be sure not to overreact. Take a minute to reread what’s

been said. Is someone actually criticising your organisation

or offering a helpful opinion? Either way, acknowledge them

and let them know what you’ll do as a result.

Take it offlineThe best way to avoid a prolonged issue with a disgruntled

social media user is to take it offline. Ask for an email address,

and then see if you can give them a call. Speaking in person

rather than over a series of 140 character messages is

definitely going to work better for both of you.

Heat of the momentHowever wrong, rude or insulting someone has been, take

a few minutes to collect yourself before you respond.

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WHAT’S NEXT?

The continued rise of user generated content.

As supporters engage more with charities online and apps

make it increasingly easy for users to make content, it is

inevitable that the more creative charity supporters will

create their own.

Interesting examples include Macmillan Cancer Support’s

The Source, where Macmillan’s online community shares tips

on how to talk to a friend, colleague or family member with

cancer, and Mind’s Mental Health Selfies slot on YouTube

featuring real people’s experiences of trying to understand

and cope with issues around mental health.

Charities will need to become increasingly flexible and willing

to ‘let go’ of their brands to ensure they can make the most

of this.

User generated content adds value and credibility to a

charity as people can see just how passionate and engaged

their peers are.

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Five: References and acknowledgements

�    �The insiders' guide to social media for charities

Further readingJustGiving – Guide to fundraising on social media

Sounddelivery – Getting started with social media

Social Misfits Media – Something to tweet about

AcknowledgementsA big thank you to all the kind folk who gave us the benefit

of their wisdom and experience.

Kate McCoy – @K8McCoy

Katie Miall – @katiemiall

Joe Freeman – @JosephFreeman

Chris Hosker – @Chris_Hosker

Alicia Robinson – @lisha_rob

Athar Abidi

Emily Pykett – @TotallyDorset

Abbie Smith

About Rob NewsomeRob is now digital and social media assistant at Médecins

Sans Frontières, but when he wrote this guide he was

CharityComms’ digital content editor, having joined in

June 2012 as communications officer. Before this, Rob

worked as a PR and comms officer for a charity in Delhi

after completing his MA in Multimedia Broadcast Journalism.

@robnewsome_ LinkedIn: Rob Newsome

About CharityCommsCharityComms (charitycomms.org.uk) is the professional

membership body for charity communicators. We believe

that effective and inspiring communications should be

at the heart of every charity’s work for a better world.

We’re here to improve the standard of communications

and champion its role in the sector.

CharityComms membership gives you access to great

content, examples of best practice, free seminars and

exclusive networking events and a host of opportunities

for professional development. Find out more at

charitycomms.org.uk/membership

@charitycomms

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Designed by Bowley Design

First published September 2015