Chapter 6 NutritionTurn to page 125

Predict the effects of a defective digestive system on health

Take care of the digestive system for one’s well-being

Would be unable to supply one or more of the necessary nutrients & this impairs the health of the body

Taking care of our digestive system involve:1.Avoiding habits that are harmful2.Practicing good (eating) habits

1. Avoid taking too much junkfood- do not contain nutrients like proteins, vit/ minerals, but a high in salt, sugar, fat

2. Avoid lying down or bending within 2 hours of a meal– my cause heartburn

3. Avoiding eating too much and too fast as this my cause gastritis, indigestion, intestinal gas/flatus

4. Avoiding smoking, drinking too much alcohol & coffees- peptic ulcer

5. avoiding the overuse of laxatives

1. Eat balanced diet2. Eat more fresh fruits, vegetables & whole

grain to increase dietary fibre3. Chew your food properly drink plenty of

water through water4. Maintain a healthy weight5. Regular exercise

Chapter 6 NutritionTurn to page 126

List elements required by plant Classify elements required by plant based

on the amount needed Relate the effects of macronutrients

deficiency with the function of macronutrients

Explain the function of each macronutrient in plants

State the function of micronutrients & effects of micronutrient deficiency in plant

Green plant require inorganic substance to synthesise their own nutrients

What is inorganic substance? carbon dioxide, water & mineral nutrients

What is mineral nutrients? Are essential chemical elements required by plant to complete their life cycle & achieve optimal growth & development

Mineral nutrients which are required can be divided into:

1.Macronutrients – elements which are needed in large amount

2.Micronutrients – elements which are required in small amounts

Macronutrients: C, O, H, N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S

Micronutrients : B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Zn To determine which elements are required

for normal growth, plant seedlings are grown in a complete culture solution known as Knop’s solution

calcium nitrate 0.8g potassium nitrate 0.3g magnesium sulfate 0.2g potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2g Ferum (llI) phosphate trace Distilled water 1000 cm3

We can investigate whether a plant needs a particular mineral element by eliminating it from knop’s solution

The absence of one or more of these nutrient can lead mineral difeciency

Function: combine to form carbohydrates during photosynthesis

Deficiency effects- stunted growth (rarely happens)

Function – synthesis of chlorophyll, proteins, hormones & nucleic acids

Deficiency effects-chlorosis (leaves turn yellow) and stunted growth

Function – synthesis of proteins, nucleic acid & ATP, promotes cell division & maturation of plants & ripening of fruits.

Deficiency effects-leaves are dark green, plants mature slowly, fruits ripen slowly and stunted growth

Function – synthesis of proteins and starch, promotes cell division & activate enzyme activity

Deficiency effects-leaves turn yellow & their edges become dry and stunted growth

Function – formation of cell walls, help maintain the permeability of cell membranes, growth of the shoot tips & root tips.

Deficiency effects-the apical buds die, cells which are not uniform are formed and stunted growth

Function – formation of chlorophyll & protoplasm of cells, activates enzyme

Deficiency effects-chlorosis, part of leaves / whole leaves die

Function – formation of cytoplasm of cells, helps in the division & development of cells

Deficiency effects-chlorosis and stunted growth

Function – synthesis of organic substances & helps in the decomposition of carbohydrate

Deficiency effects-growth of shoots & roots

Function – involved in the metabolism of nitrogen

Deficiency effects-stunted growth

Function – activates some enzymes Deficiency effects-spotted leaves and

stunted growth

Function – activates some enzymes Deficiency effects-leaves have yellow

patches

Function – Part of the enzyme system in respiration & photosynthesis

Deficiency effects-leaves turn yellow & growth is not normal

Function – synthesis of chlorophyll & formation

Deficiency effects-leaves have yellow patches