the impact of breeding on productivity of atlantic salmon and rainbow trout farming
DESCRIPTION
The impact of breeding on productivity of Atlantic Salmon and Rainbow Trout farming. Presentation by : Ana Leonardo (49081 ) and Francisca Felix (50287) Master students in Aquaculture and Fisheries , Algarve University. Obstacles. control artificial reproduction; control mating; - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The impact of breeding on productivity of Atlantic Salmon and Rainbow Trout farming
Presentation by: Ana Leonardo (49081) and Francisca Felix (50287) Master students in Aquaculture and Fisheries, Algarve University
![Page 2: The impact of breeding on productivity of Atlantic Salmon and Rainbow Trout farming](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56816365550346895dd43d56/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Obstacles
Advantages
•control artificial reproduction;•control mating;•Difficulties of hatching and feeding larvae and fry.
•High fertility;•External fertilization;•Low expenses for broodstock maintenance;•More efficient breeding programmes design.
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Examples of phenotypic traits of economic importance
Food conversion efficiency
Growth rate
Age at sexual maturity
Survival/disease resistance
Body quality
Fecundity
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Breeding strategies
Inbreeding
Crossbreeding
Purebreeding
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Inbreeding
“It is as important to prevent production losses due to inbreeding, as it is to increase production from genetic enhancement.”(Dunham et al., 2001)
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Pure breeding
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Sex manipulation
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Main problems
Environmental
Research
Economic and consumer issues
Political issues
Ethics
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65% of all the salmon and rainbow trout produced in Norway is genetically improved fish.
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Norway
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Gene bank in Norway
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Programs for conservation and/or harvest
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Mixed-milt fertilizations
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Wild-breeding
Captive-breeding
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In wild Salmo salar populations
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Problems in river management Impact in wild populations
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Genetic profile of wild populations
Decreases populations productivity
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Tummel River’s Case
Impact in Fisheries
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Final concerns
New informations of breeding consequences will be provided as generations of Salmo salar and Oncorynchus mykiss appear;
Efforts to avoid the escape of farmed fish must be made;
New alternatives must arrise, since many exploration sites still use milt-mixed fertilizations.
THANKS
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References
• Dunham, R. (1996). Results of early pond-based studies of risk assessment regarding aquatic GMOs. 126th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society, Dearborn, MI, August 26-29 1996. Abstract No. 381; • Dunham, R.A., Majumdar, K., Hallerman, E., Bartley, D., Mair, G., Hulata, G., Liu, Z., Pongthana, N., Bakos, J., Penman, D., Gupta, M., Rothlisberg, P. & Hoerstgen-Schwark, G. (2001). Review of the status of aquaculture genetics. In R.P. Subasinghe, P. Bueno, M.J. Phillips, C. Hough, S.E. McGladdery & J.R. Arthur, eds. Aquaculture in the Third Millennium. Technical Proceedings of the Conference on Aquaculture in the Third Millennium, Bangkok, Thailand, 20-25 February 2000. pp. 137-166. NACA, Bangkok and FAO, Rome;•Monahan, R. L. (1993). An Overview Of Salmon Aquaculture. In Salmon Aquaculture, edited by K. Heen, R. L. Monahan and F. Utter, 1-9. England: Fishing News Books.•Myhr, A.I. & Dalmo, R.A. (2004). Introduction of genetic engineering in aquaculture: ecological and ethical implications for science and governance. Aquaculture 250: 542-554; • Rudolfsen, G., Figenschou, L., Folstad, I., Tveiten, H., Figenschou, M., (2006). Rapid adjustments of sperm characteristics in relation to social status. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 273: 325–332;• Shearer, W.M. (1992). The Atlantic Salmon: Natural History, Exploitation and Future Management. Fishing News Book;•Wedekind, C., Rudolfsen, G., Jacob, A., Urbach, D. & Muller, R. (2007). The genetic consequences of hatchery-induced sperm competition in a salmonid. Biological conservation 137: 180-188;