the history of animation (part 1)

8/6/2019 The History of Animation (Part 1)

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VISUAL

COMMUNICATION

AND

ANIMATION


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O

HOW DOES

VISUALCOMMUNICATION

WORK? (This involves several questions andoffers several possibilities)

How did the development of animation play a role?

How does human perception affectvisual communication?


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Humans have alwayswanted to communicate

using

MOTION


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Well lets go back to the

beginning, shall we

How about back to the timebefore history


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First we

find aneight-

leggedboar

in the Altamira Cavesof Northern Spain

Does it really have eight legs?


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Then

Wrestling

takes over

(of course)

an Egyptianwall

decorationcirca 2000

B.C.


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THE PERSISTENCE

OF VISION

T rue animation

cannot be achieved

without first understanding

a fundamental principle

of the human eye:

BUT,


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THE BLUE MAN GROUP

WHO BETTERTO EXPLAIN THE

CONCEPT THAN

PLEASE ENJOY THE SHOW AND ENJOY LEARNING


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How the human eye works


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At night weperceive the worldas black and white.


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How about howfast the eye sees?Lets consider:Frame Rate .

It is related to but not identical

to a physiological concept called theflicker fusion threshold or flicker fusion rate.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flicker_fusion_thresholdhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flicker_fusion_thresholdhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiology


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o Light that is pulsating

below a certain rate is

perceived by humans as flickering o Light that is pulsating above this

rate is perceived by humans asbeing continuous

o Few people perceive

flicker above about 75 hertz

Consider how you perceive objects illuminated by a strobe light.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertz


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To understand

this more clearlylets go back in time

again (but not so far)


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PAUL ROGET

A Frenchman invented the

thaumatrope in 1828


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It was a disc with a string

or peg attached

to both sides.

One side of the disc showed a bird,


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When the disc was

twirled, the bird

appeared in the cage

This proved that the

eye retains images

when it is exposed to

a series of pictures,

one at a time.


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Because ofthe persistence of vision!


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Other inventions

helped to further

the cause of animation


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JOSEPH PLATEAU

He invented the

phenakistoscope in 1826

It was a circular card with slitsaround the edge.

Pictured is the later


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The viewer heldthe card up to a

mirror and peeredthrough the slitsas the card whirled.

Through a series of drawings around

the circumference of the card, the viewer


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George Homer in 1834,

improved the idea with a

base and a drum with a strip of paper with a

hand drawn sequence of

pictures inserted.

He called it the Daedalum


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Some thirty years

later in 1887, it waspatented almostsimultaneously by

William F. Lincoln inAmerica and by M.

Bradley in England.

Mr. Lincoln renamed it the Zoetrope.

Are you noticing a pattern here? Inventors building on each

others work (or stealing the idea).


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LATER GIANTSTRIDES

WERE MADE

BY CREATIVE PEOPLE LIKEYOU!

So lets use our creativity and make our very ownthaumatropes.

the history of animation (part 1)

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