the handbook of surface imaging - gbv.de

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THE HANDBOOK OF Surface Imaging and Visualization EDITED BY Arthur T. Hubbard Surface Center University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio (g) CRC Press Boca Raton New York London Tokyo

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Page 1: THE HANDBOOK OF Surface Imaging - gbv.de

THE HANDBOOK OF

Surface Imaging and

Visualization EDITED BY

Arthur T. Hubbard Surface Center

University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio

(g) CRC Press

Boca Raton New York London Tokyo

Page 2: THE HANDBOOK OF Surface Imaging - gbv.de

CONTENTS Preface ix

Contributors xi

Chapter 1 Angle-Resolved Auger Electron Spectroscopy 1 Douglas G. Frank

Chapter 2 Atomic Force Microscopy 23 Andrew A. Gewirth and John R. LaGraff

Chapter 3 Auger Electron Spectroscopy 33 Noel H. Turner

Chapter 4 Chemical Imaging Using Ion Microscopy 45 Isabelle Gay and George H. Morrison

Chapter 5 Collision-Induced Surface Processes 55 Sylvia T. Ceyer

Chapter 6 Depth Profiling 63 Gar B. Hoflund

Chapter 7 Electrochemical Epitaxy 75 Huang M. Baoming, Tedd E. Lister, and John L. Stickney

Chapter 8 Electrochemical Nucleation 93 Robert de Levie

Chapter 9 Electrochemical Quaitz Crystal Microbalance Studies of Electroactive Surface Films 101 Stanley Bruckenstein and A. Robert Hillman

Chapter 10 Electron Beam Lithography 115 Fritz J. Hohn

Chapter 11 Electron Microscopy 131 John M. Cowley

Chapter 12 Electron Stimulated Desorption-Ion Angular Distribution (ESDIAD) 157 John T. Yates, Jr.

Chapter 13 Field Emission Ion Sources for Focused Ion Beams 165 Jon Orloff

Chapter 14 Field Emission Microscopy 179 John J. Hren and Jiang Liu

Chapter 15 Field Ion Microscopy and Spectroscopy 189 Gert Ehrlich and Norbert Ernst

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Page 3: THE HANDBOOK OF Surface Imaging - gbv.de

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Chapter 16 Fluid-Fluid Interfaces: Optical Imaging of Capillary Systems 209 Alexander D. Nikolov and Darsh T. Wasan

Chapter 17 Fullerenes Viewed by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, Photoemission, and Inverse Photoemission 215 John H. Weaver

Chapter 18 High-Resolution Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy 223 Larry L. Kesmodel

Chapter 19 Imaging of Colloidal Particles 239 Egon Matijevic

Chapter 20 Infrared Attenuated Total Reflection Spectroscopy of Surface Active Species 245 Roger P. Sperline and Henry Freiser

Chapter 21 Infrared Spectroscopy of Surfaces 265 Jay Benziger

Chapter 22 Langmuir-Blodgett Films 277 Abraham Ulman

Chapter 23 LEED Pattern Directory 289 Douglas G. Frank

Chapter 24 Low-Energy Electron Diffraction: Some Basic Conceptual Tools 355 Patricia A. Thiel

Chapter 25 Low-Energy Electron Microscopy 365 Ernst Bauer

Chapter 26 Low-Energy Ion Scattering Spectroscopy 375 Steven H. Overbury

Chapter 27 Magnetism in Low-Dimensional Systems: Magnetic Properties of Thin Films 385 Ruqian Wu, Dingsheng Wang, and Arthur J. Freeman

Chapter 28 Metal Clusters on Oxides 401 Xueping Xu and D. Wayne Goodman

Chapter 29 Metal Surface Reconstructions .T. 407 Patricia A. Thiel and Peder J, Estrup

Chapter 30 Molecular Beam Epitaxy 433 Charles W. Tu

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Page 4: THE HANDBOOK OF Surface Imaging - gbv.de

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Chapter 31 Molecular Beam Scattering: Diffraction 449 Thomas Engel

Chapter 32 Molecular Beam Scattering: Reactive Scattering 457 Steven L. Bernasek

Chapter 33 Molecular Orbital Theory of Surfaces 465 Alfred B. Anderson

Chapter 34 Molecular Orientation 473 Manuel P. Soriaga and Raul J. Barriga

Chapter 35 Monitoring Surface Chemistry with Optical Second Harmonie Generation 479 Robert M. Com and Daniel A. Higgins

Chapter 36 Monolayer Surface Structures 493 Gabor A. Somorjai and James D. Batteas

Chapter 37 Mössbauer Effect Spectroscopy 517 Daniel A. Scherson

Chapter 38 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 525 James F. Haw

Chapter 39 Optical Holographie Imaging 537 Emmett N. Leith

Chapter 40 Optical Imaging of Particles 555 Brian J. Thompson

Chapter 41 Optically Detected Electron Spin Resonance of Aromatic Ketones Adsorbed on Surfaces 569 Allan M. Nishimura

Chapter 42 Organic Molecular Beam Epitaxy 575 Neal R. Armstrong

Chapter 43 Photoelectron Emission Microscopy 581 Martin E. Kordesch

Chapter 44 Picosecond Luminescence Studies of Recombination Dynamics at GaAs/Electrolyte Interfaces ... 597 Geraldine L. Richmond, John F. Kauffman, Barbara A. Balko, and Eric A. Miller

Chapter 45 Positron Annihilation Induced Auger Electron Spectroscopy 617 Alex Weiss

Chapter 46 Radiotracer Study of Electrode Surfaces 635 Maria E. Gamboa-Aldeco, Krzysztof Franaszczuk, and Andrzej Wieckowski

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Chapter 47 Raman Spectroscopy of Surfaces 647 Jeanne E. Pemberton

Chapter 48 Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy 667 Allen J. Bard, Fu-Ren F. Fan, and Michael V. Mirkin

Chapter 49 Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Electrode Surfaces In Situ 681 Kingo Itaya

Chapter 50 Scanning X-Ray Photoelectron Microscopy (SXPEM) 687 Gerald A. Garwood, Jr.

Chapter 51 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry 705 Joseph A. Gardella, Jr.

Chapter 52 Self-Assembled Monolayers: Models for Organic Surface Chemistry 713 George M. Whitesides and Christopher B. Gorman

Chapter 53 Self-Assembled Monolayers: Models of Organic Interfaces 733 Marc D. Porter and Mary M. Walczalc

Chapter 54 Semiconductor Thin Film Growth Dynamics During Molecular Beam Epitaxy 741 Bruce A. Joyce

Chapter 55 Sum-Frequency Generation Studies of Bonding and Reaction at Interfaces 755 Richard B. Hall

Chapter 56 Surface Catalysis on Metals 767 Fabio H. Ribeiro and Gabor A. Somorjai

Chapter 57 Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of Flexible Molecules 785 Robin L. Garrell

Chapter 58 Surface Forces 793 Jacob N. Israelachvili

Chapter 59 Thermal Desorption Mass Spectrometry 817 C. Nicole Chittenden, Eddie D. Pylant, Amy L. Schwaner, and J. M. White

Chapter 60 Tunneling Spectroscopy 847 Bruce Parkinson

Chapter 61 Vibrational Microspectroscopy for the Analysis of Surfaces and Particles on Surfaces 851 Patricia L. Lang

Chapter 62 X-Ray Photoelectron Diffraction 863 Yves U. Idzerda

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Chapter 63 X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy 875 Peter M. A. Sherwood

Chapter 64 X-Ray Standing Waves on Surfaces 889 Hector D. Abruna

Index 897