The global Multidimensional

Poverty Index (MPI) and the

SDGs

Gisela Robles, 9 Nov 2016, MPPN meeting, Acapulco.

High Resolution lenses

Alkire & Foster (AF) method

1) Incidence or the headcount ratio (H ), the percentage of people

who are poor.

2) Intensity of people’s deprivation (A), the average share of

dimensions (proportion of weighted deprivations) people suffer at the

same time.

Formula: MPI = M0 = H × A

Dimensions, Indicators & Their Weights

Ten Indicators

Three

Dimensions

of Poverty

Nutrition

Child Mortality

Years of Schooling

School Attendance

Cooking FuelImproved SanitationSafe DrinkingWaterElectricityFlooringAsset Ownership

Health

Education

Living

Standard

1/3

1/3

1/3

1/6

1/6

1/6

1/6

1/18

1/18

1/18

1/18

1/18

1/18

Population Coverage by Income Category

5.3 billion people living in all six geographical regions

MPI 2016 covers 93% of the combined population in

Middle and Low Income Countries

Income CategoriesPopulation in MPI

countries (million)

Total Pop in

regions

% Pop

covered

High income: OECD 0 1,063 0%

High income: non-OECD 43 292 14.6%

Upper middle income 2,046 2,350 87.1%

Lower middle income 2,657 2,760 96.3%

Low income 551 557 98.9%

Total 5,297 7,023 100%

Global MPI findings

Where MPI poor people live:

National Income Category

2012 Population Data

High income:

nonOECD1%

Upper middle income

39%Lower middle income

50%

Low income

10%

Total population by income category

High income: nonOECD

0%

Upper middle income

7%

Lower middle income

68%

Low income25%

MPI poor people by income category

Most poor people (75%) live in middle-income countries (MICS)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

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govi

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enia

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neg

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Ser

bia

Kaz

akh

stan

Bel

arus

Comparing the Headcount Ratios of MPI Poor and $1.90/day Poor

Destitute MPI Poor people $1.90 a day within 3 years of MPI survey

Annualized Changes in MPI for Africa

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

Rw

an

da 2

005-2

010

Gh

an

a 2

003-2

008

Th

e R

ep

ub

lic o

f th

e…

Mau

rita

nia

2007 -

2011

Lib

eri

a 2

007 -

2013

Th

e R

ep

ub

lic o

f th

e…

Tan

zan

ia 2

008-2

010

Ug

an

da 2

006-2

011

Bu

run

di

2005 -

2010

Nig

eri

a 2

003-2

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Co

ng

o,

Dem

ocra

tic…

Ken

ya 2

003-2

009

Gam

bia

2006 -

2013

Sao

To

me a

nd

Pri

ncip

e…

Mo

zam

biq

ue 2

003-2

011

Zam

bia

2001-

2007

Mali

2006 -

2012

/13

Cam

ero

on

2004-2

011

Nam

ibia

2000-2

007

Co

te d

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ire 2

005 -

2011

/12

Mala

wi

2004-2

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Nig

er

2006-2

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Cen

tral

Afr

ican

Rep

ub

lic…

Mad

ag

asc

ar

2004-2

009

MPI (H)

$1.90/day

MPI

10

Global MPI: Headline + Disaggregated detail

Leave No One Behind

Governance

The Global MPI is used to

inform the SDGs

“End poverty in all its forms

everywhere” by 2030.

Target 1.2: By 2030, reduce at least by half the proportion of men, women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to

national definitions

Bhutan, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador,

Honduras, Mexico, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Seychelles, and

Viet Nam are reporting the incidence (H) of multidimensional

poverty associated with their global and/or national MPI for

SDG indicator 1.2.2

A robust way to measure SDG

indicator 1.2.2.

The global MPI allows policy makers to:

Leave No One Behind : it tracks poverty for different

groups: sub-national regions, rural areas, children, ethnic

and caste groups.

Integrated, coordinated policy: it gives incentives to

coordinate policy, to break down silos for policy impact.

Universal relevance: indicators reflect contextual values

and different meanings of poverty.

OPHI-MPI Team 2016

OPHI Research Team: Sabina Alkire (Director), James Foster (Research Fellow), John Hammock (Co-Founder and

Research Associate), Adriana Conconi (coordination MPI 2013/14), José Manuel Roche (coordination MPI 2011, 2013), Maria Emma

Santos (coordination MPI 2010), Gisela Robles (coordination MPI 2015/16) Bouba Housseini, Christoph Jindra, Yangyang Shen, Ana

Vaz, Diego Zavaleta.

Data analysts and MPI calculation: Christoph Jindra, Lu Gram, Usha Kanagaratnam, Christian Oldiges, Monica

Pinilla Roncancio and Yangyang Shen.

Special contributions: Bouba Housseini (new Ground Reality Check field material), Alejandro Olayo-Mendez (Research

Assistance) and Conway Reinders, Mashrur Khan (country briefings edition)

Communication Team: Paddy Coulter (Director of Communications), Heidi Fletcher (Web Manager), Felipe Roa and

Joanne Tomkinson (Research Communications Assistants), Matthew Robson (Design Assistant).

Administrative Support: Rachel Pearson (OPHI Project Coordinator) and Emma-Jane Grieg

OPHI estimate the MPI, the UNDP Human Development Reports also publish it

and we are grateful to our colleagues in HDRO for their support.