the geography of food insecurity, dallas county

Crossroads Community serviCes deCemBer 2014

THE GEOGRAPHY OF FOOD INSECURITYGUIDING THE STRATEGIC EXPANSION OF CHARITABLE FOOD DISTRIBUTION IN DALLAS COUNTY, TX

2

The buildingcommunityWORKSHOP is a Dallas based nonprofit community design center seeking to improve the livability and viability of communities through the practice of thoughtful design and making. We enrich the lives of citizens by bringing design thinking to areas of our city where resources are most scarce. To do so, buildingcommunityWORKSHOP recognizes that it must first understand the social, economic, and environmental issues facing a community before beginning work.

suPPorted ByAs the largest community foundation in Texas and one of the largest in the nation, Communities Foundation of Texas (CFT) works with families, companies and nonprofits to strengthen our community through a variety of charitable funds and strategic grantmaking initiatives. The foundation professionally manages more than 900 charitable funds and has awarded more than $1.3 billion in grants since its founding in 1953. Increasing financial stability of working families is one of the two key focus areas of CFT’s community impact funds. To support this area, CFT has launched the Data Driven Decision-Making (D3) Institute. The D3 Institute is designed to provide organizations that offer programs and services for low-income working families the power to accelerate their development of enduring solutions to the social and economic problems facing this population. www.cftexas.org/D3

PrePared By

03

Crossroads Community Services (CCS) works to ensure that all people in Dallas County have ready access to nourishing foods, and to offer life-skills education that can help people accomplish goals that are important to them, including health and weight management goals. CCS partners with more than 60 organizations across Dallas County to deliver food to those most in need.

CCS demonstrates an exemplary model of food distribution, using a unique algorithm that allocates the appropriate type and amount of nutritious foods for client and client household. CCS’s service model has been recognized by leading national organizations. Notable accomplishments include delivering more than 2.5 million pounds of food in 2014; partnering with 69 organizations to operate as Community Distribution Partners (CDPs), and providing meals to more than 8,000 households and 21,000 individuals.

To further serve those in need in Dallas County, CCS plans to expand its CDP network into new areas by identifying “micro-pockets” of food insecurity and partnering with organizations within these communities to fulfill unmet need.

CCS chose to engage bcWORKSHOP as part of an additional consulting service offered through the Communities Foundation of Texas Data Driven Decision-Making (D3) Institute. bcWORKSHOP is providing Dallas area nonprofit organizations with a data analysis package to inform decision-making on a specific problem or challenge defined by the non-profit.

CROSSROADS COMMUNITY SERVICES (CCS)

ABOUT THIS STUDY

05

To effectively distribute food to those who face food insecurity in Dallas County, Crossroads Community Services works with a network of partner organizations that enable those in need to access nutritious food. This report aims to guide the strategic expansion of this network to areas of Dallas County that are at increased risk of food insecurity and lack access to retail and charitable food providers. Potential partner organizations in each of the targeted areas have been identified to help improve the ability of CCS staff to expand the CDP network to these new parts of Dallas County.

This report provides analysis of CCS service delivery; an exploration of CCS client demographics, sub-county estimates of food insecurity; and an expansion of food desert research including retail grocery stores and food pantries. Highlights include:

• 34% of food distributed by CCS to CDP sites flows to Southeastern Dallas County, when analyzing CDP sites active as of September 2014;

• Children under 19 make up 31% of the overall population in Dallas County, but this same age group makes up 46% of CCS clients between 2012 and 2014;

• Roughly ¼ of the food insecure population in Dallas County, about 133,000 people, live in areas of concentrated food insecurity (Census Tracts with food insecurity rates greater than or equal to 20%).

• Much of Dallas County’s food insecure population live in areas that have low accessibility to either retail or charitable food providers.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

07

For $5, CCS can provide one person with enough groceries to prepare 21 balanced meals.1 Prior to 2006, clients received food from CCS’s central location in Downtown Dallas. This proved problematic for those with mental, physical, and transportation-related-challenges. On average, clients traveled more than 15 miles round-trip to receive food.2

To address these challenges, CCS began partnering with churches, community centers, and other facilities that were more accessible to populations in need. These Community Distribution Partners (CDPs) helped form the next step in the CCS food delivery model – the hub and spoke. This approach reduced the average round-trip distance for CCS clients to only 3.2 miles.3

There are numerous advantages to this hub and spoke model - for CCS, the partner organizations, and the community as a whole. CCS’s central location functions as the “hub,” providing administration, food storage, and distribution to each CDP, the “spokes.” These CDP locations pick-up and redistribute food, with the help of volunteers or staff, to clients closer to their homes. As a result of this approach, CCS has been designated the North Texas Food Bank (NTFB) “Redistribution Partner” - enabling small organizations to participate in the NTFB network. These small partner organizations distribute food to clients within 48 hours of pick-up from CCS.

CDP locations have traditionally been small churches, nonprofit agencies, or Dallas Housing Authority (DHA) facilities. Transitional housing facilities and community centers have also participated in the network to varying degrees. Clients that receive service from these locations are generally already affiliated with the CDP organization in some way. To become a client of CCS, individuals must live in Dallas County and be below 185% of the Federal Poverty Line.4

THE CCS MODEL

For $5, CCS can provide one person with 21 healthy meals.

08

Of CCS clients, roughly a third receive food from the downtown Dallas location – with the remainder receiving food from CDP locations.6 42% of CDP clients receive service from local churches while nonprofit agencies and Dallas Housing Authority sites serve the second and third largest number of clients, respectively. The average monthly allotment of food is roughly19-25 pounds of food per person; however, clients at transitional housing facilities receive ~72 pounds of food per person.

CCS has served more than 21,000 individuals in more than 8,000 households between October 2012 and September 2014 at both CDP sites and the downtown location. However, this number varies from the number of clients active at any one time and from the number served through the CDP network, as described below. Clients in central Dallas County are concentrated in West Dallas, Oak Cliff, and near Fair Park; however there have been numerous clients from southeastern Dallas County near Pleasant Grove, Balch Springs, and Seagoville.

CDP AND CLIENT DISTRIBUTIONS

CDP CLIENT SERVICE LOCATION TYPES IN SEPTEMBER 2014*

42% CHurCHes1,750 clients19 lbs per person

19% daLLas HousinG autHority774 clients25 lbs per person

7% Community Centers293 clients23 lbs per person

31% aGenCies 1,274 clients23 lbs per person

0.1% transitionaL HousinG 4 clients72 lbs per person

5

*Please note that CCS visualizations are from client and CDP data current as of September 2014 and reflect only information up until that point in time. Clients and CDP locations added after this are not included in this report. Icons from The Noun Project: Church by Joab Penalva; Greenhouse by Cody Foss; People by Moh Kamaru; and Institution by Phil Buchanan. Dallas Housing Authority logo from the Dallas Housing Authority.

09

CLients Per Census traCt1 - 14

LegendCrossroads Community Services

Community Distribution Partners

1 - 14

15 - 34

35 - 60

61 - 89

90 - 131

132 - 211

15 - 34

35 - 60

61 - 89

90 - 131

132 - 211Crossroads Communty services

Community distriBution Partners

10 clients

400 clients

agencies

Churches

Community Centers

dallas Housing authority

transitional Housing

CLients Per CdP

I - 30

US - 183

I-35E

I - 35E

I - 30

US - 175

US - 75

DA

LLA

S N

ORT

H T

OLL

WAY

US - 67

I - 3

5E

I - 635

I - 20

I - 45

LEDBETTER DR

GARLAND RD

NORTHWEST HWY

US - 80

0 4 8 mi

200 clients

1

2

3

4

5

1 2 43 5 dallas Bethlehem Center 230 clients

Walnut Park assembly of God 234 clients

City Food ministry 266 clients

Balch springs Food Pantry 300 clients

stewpot Cny 400 clients

toP CdPs By numBer oF CLients

10

Population Pyramid of Crossroads Community Services Clients

0 to 45 to 9

10 to 1415 to 1920 to 2425 to 2930 to 3435 to 3940 to 4445 to 4950 to 5455 to 5960 to 6465 to 6970 to 7475 to 7980 to 84

85+0 to 45 to 9


85+

3.8%6.6%

7.5%5.2%

2.3%2.3%

3.5%4.1%

3.9%3.1%

2.8%3%

2.4%1.9%

1.4%1.1%

0.5%0.4%

3.8%4%

3.4%3.3%

3.6%4%

3.9%3.6%3.5%

3.3%3.3%

3%2.3%

1.7%1.3%

0.9%0.7%0.8%

3.7%7%

7.4%5%

2.2%1.3%

1.9%2.3%

2%2.2%

2.5%2.3%

1.9%1.1%

0.7%0.5%

0.3%0.2%

4%4%3.7%

3.5%3.6%

4.1%4%3.7%

3.4%3.3%3.3%

2.7%2.2%

1.5%1%0.7%

0.4%0.3%

FemalemaleCCS Clients 8

Dallas County 9

A sample of more than 9,000 individuals in roughly 2,800 households was used to explore the demographic characteristics of CCS clients. The population pyramids below display the relative frequency of different age groups and genders within the CCS client population (top) and the population of Dallas County (bottom). There is a clear overrepresentation of children under the age of 19 within CCS’s client population (46%) compared to Dallas County over all (31%).

Population Pyramid of Crossroads Community Services Clients

0 to 45 to 9


85+0 to 45 to 9


85+

3.8%6.6%

7.5%5.2%

2.3%2.3%

3.5%4.1%

3.9%3.1%

2.8%3%

2.4%1.9%

1.4%1.1%

0.5%0.4%

3.8%4%

3.4%3.3%

3.6%4%

3.9%3.6%3.5%

3.3%3.3%

3%2.3%

1.7%1.3%

0.9%0.7%0.8%

3.7%7%

7.4%5%

2.2%1.3%

1.9%2.3%

2%2.2%

2.5%2.3%

1.9%1.1%

0.7%0.5%

0.3%0.2%

4%4%3.7%

3.5%3.6%

4.1%4%3.7%

3.4%3.3%3.3%

2.7%2.2%

1.5%1%0.7%

0.4%0.3%

A GLANCE AT CCS CLIENTS

11

There is a clear overrepresentation of Hispanic clients when compared to the demographic make up of the County. Over 65% of CCS clients are Hispanic while only 38.9% of Hispanic individuals make up Dallas County. However, CCS clients are underrepresented in terms of White population relative to the County.

dallas County

White

Black or african american

Hispanic (of any race)

asian

6.8%

26.7%

67.5%

5.3%

32.2%

22%

38.9%

RACE & ETHNICITY 12, 13

< 9th grade

< High school

Hs diploma/Ged

some College +

unknown

26%

21%29%

11%

13%

12%

11%

23%54%

CCs Clients

EDUCATION 10, 11

0.001%

dallas County

CCs Clients

Almost 47% of CCS clients have not completed a high school education, compared to 23% in Dallas County. Conversely, while more than half of the county has at least some college education this is true for only 13% of CCS clients.

12

CDP locations are scattered throughout Dallas County, with clusters near Downtown, in West Dallas, in East Dallas near Loop 12 and I-30, and surrounding Fair Park. CCS delivers 372,000 lbs. of food to CDPs in the southeastern portion of Dallas County each year, roughly 34% of all food distributed to CDP locations. CCS distributes nearly 89,000 pounds of food each month to 60 CDP locations - or more than 1 million pounds annually in addition to food distributed to clients from the main CCS location in Downtown Dallas. However, actual food distributed through CDPs vary from month to month, thus these numbers are estimates of monthly averages.

WHERE THE FOOD GOES

33% aGenCies29,293 lbs of food16 locations

38% CHurCHes34,063 lbs of food30 locations

0.3% transitionaL HousinG288 lbs of food1 location

7% Community Centers6,714 lbs of food3 locations

22% daLLas HousinG autHority19,504 lbs of food10 locations

PERCENT OF FOOD DISTRIBUTED MONTHLY:

89,863 lbs of food distributed monthly to 60 community distribution partners

14, 15

13

LegendCrossroads Community Services

A

C

CC

DHA

TH

DallasCounty

agenciesChurches

Community Centers



Food distriButed annuaLLy (pounds)1,512 -20,000 lbs

50,001 - 120,000 lbs

120,001 - 562,551 lbs


Crossroads Communty services

20,001 - 50,000 lbs

I - 30

US - 183

I - 35E

I - 35E

I - 30

US - 175

US - 75

DA

LLA

S N

ORT

H T

OLL

WAY

US - 67

I - 3

5E

I - 635

I - 20

I - 45

LEDBETTER DR

GARLAND R

D

NORTHWEST HWY

US - 80

0 4 8 mi

14

In 2012, 20% of Dallas County Households faced food insecurity compared to only 14.5% of US households.16

15

THE PROBLEM OF MISSING MEALSIn 2012, 14.5% of US households had problems accessing meals at some point in the year. This population, defined largely by high rates of unemployment and poverty, must spend upwards of 30% of income to purchase food and eat nutritious meals.17, 18 Food insecurity is not a permanent situation and may affect a food insecure family from seven months to multiple years.19 Regional variations in food insecurity indicate that the southern US faces greater challenges in maintaining food security than the rest of the country, with Texas and Dallas County experiencing food insecurity rates much greater than the national average (18.3% and 20%, respectively). Dallas County is ranked 6th nationally in the number of food insecure individuals with an estimated 476,540 food insecure residents, and $213,512,000 is needed annually to meet their needs.20

Food insecure individuals may have difficulty in accessing nutritious foods for a variety of reasons; however, existing research focuses on financial and environmental burdens related to decreased nutritious food access.21 This report traces the intersection between food insecurity and low access to nutritious foods in Dallas County. Organizations such as the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Feeding America conduct research on food insecurity at the national, state, and county levels, however, sub-county level research is largely unexplored in the professional and academic literature.22, 23, 24 This body of research on food insecure populations can be used to guide sub-county level estimates of food insecurity.

To identify strategic locations for expanded CCS service, research on food insecurity can be combined with research that focuses more strictly on the food environment. A growing body of research on food deserts – areas of poverty that have limited access to grocery stores – provides a wealth of insight in how to appropriately measure the impact of the food environment on nutritious food intake.25 In order to make the best strategic decision for service expansion, several methodological decisions have been made based on a review of professional and academic literature.

UNITED STATES TEXAS DALLAS COUNTY

14.5%

18.3%20%

PERCENT FOOD INSECURE 26

16

FOOD INSECURITYAccording to guidelines set by the USDA and the United States Census Bureau, food insecurity refers to two distinct situations: low food security and very low food security.27 Food insecurity is not a permanent status - individuals may face food insecurity on a sustained basis or for short periods of time. Food insecure individuals are able to provide meals for themselves most of the time. The period of time when an individual is food insecure has been termed the “gap,” and organizations such as Feeding America have explored these populations and the requirements necessary to provide missed meals to individuals and families in need.

The USDA and US Census Bureau, with the annual Current Population Survey (CPS), measure the scope of food insecurity in the US. The survey results are able to provide a glimpse of the scope of food insecurity at the national level.28 Feeding America takes the CPS data to model food insecurity at the state and county levels. A number of factors have been found to be predictors of food insecurity in existing research – poverty, unemployment, percent Hispanic, percent African American, homeownership status, and median incomes.29, 30, 31 While hard data is difficult to come by, this existing body of research does provide enough information to roughly estimate food insecurity at the Census Tract level.

Data from the 2013 BLS Consumer Expenditure Survey was used to explore the financial burden of accessing food for at risk populations.32 While households and individuals with higher median household incomes spend more on food in a year, lower median household income groups spend a far greater percentage of their annual income on providing for their basic needs. In the most extreme cases, more than 30% of a household’s income can be attributed to food expenditures. In areas with high burdens of food expenses, it is likely that housing and transportation burdens could have an impact on a household’s ability to reach food security.

FOOD DESERTSThe USDA defines food deserts as Census Tracts where more than 20% of the population is in poverty or where the median family income is less than 80% of the area median family income AND where at least 500 people, or 33% of the population, in a tract live further than one mile from a supermarket or grocery store.33 This theme is largely echoed in academic and professional research on the subject, however there is considerable debate regarding the specific thresholds used for both socioeconomic factors and accessibility, as well as which type of food retailers should be included.34, 35, 36

Despite an evolving definition of food deserts in academic literature, this study will focus on the USDA definition of food desert in order to identify areas of food insecurity underserved by food retailers. To identify micropockets of food insecurity, areas that experience high rates of food insecurity are used in place of the poverty thresholds identified by the USDA. While the existing body of research focuses primarily on supermarkets and grocery stores, this research must also focus on the accessibility of food pantries in relationship to retail food providers and food insecure populations. Additionally, this project will focus on examining accessibility using the distance traveled along the road network to more accurately reflect transportation to food providers.

17

Top 20% earned $190,791

Bottom 20% earned $11,876

4% spent on food

PROJECTED FOOD EXPENDITURES AND HOUSEHOLD INCOME DALLAS COUNTY, 2013 37

$10,000 usd

$30,000 usd

$60,000 usd

$100,000 usd

LEGEND

or $7,631

or $4,51238% spent on food

18

Of the factors that can predict food insecurity, only unemployment and poverty were used to model food insecurity at the census tract for Dallas County. These two variables were the strongest predictors of food insecurity in a Feeding America report, showing a 0.51% and 0.19% increase in food insecurity for every 1% increase in unemployment and poverty, respectively.38 Using those values, it was possible to derive an estimate of the percentage of the population in a census tract that was at risk of food insecurity. Census tracts with a high risk of food insecurity appear to be concentrated in West Dallas, East Oak Cliff, Cedar Crest, and throughout South Dallas. There are also a few pockets of food insecurity in East Garland, Vickery Meadow, and east of Harry Hines Boulevard in northwest Dallas.

FINDING FOOD INSECURITY IN DALLAS COUNTY

african american

Hispanic

Below Poverty

unemployment

all dallas County census tractsFood insecure census tracts (>20%)

Median Household Income

25%

21%

62%

37%

34%

19%

8%

6%

$30,638

$55,091

DEMOGRAPHIC COMPARISON 39

INCOME COMPARISON 40

19

0 - 18%

PerCent Food inseCure

18 - 20%

19 - 22%

23 - 26%

> 27%

LegendDallasCountyTracts_DemographicIndicatorsPercentFoo

0.000000 - 0.092121

0.092122 - 0.129335

0.129336 - 0.171455

0.171456 - 0.226416

0.226417 - 0.368741

agenciesChurches

Community Centers





I - 30

US - 183

I - 35E

I - 35E

I - 30

US - 175

US - 67

DA

LLA

S N

ORT

H T

OLL

WAY

US - 67

I - 3

5E

I - 635

I - 20

I - 45

LEDBETTER DR

GARLAND R

D

NORTHWEST HWY

US - 80

0 4 8 mi

20

FOOD PROVIDER ACCESSIBILITY ANALYSIS

1.000000 - 7.000000

1.000000 - 7.000000

7.000001 - 13.000000

13.000001 - 21.000000

21.000001 - 29.000000

29.000001 - 42.000000

LegendAllFoodPantries

<all other values>

TypeCDP

NTFB

Other

GROCERY STORE ACCESS 41, 42

FOOD PANTRY ACCESS 43, 44

Areas with greater access to, and choice of grocery stores are represented in darker shades. There are clear distinctions between grocery store accessibility in the north central part of the county and much of the rest of the county. Areas south of the Trinity River have far fewer choices of grocery stores and have a more difficult time accessing stores.

Food pantry access is concentrated in central portion of Dallas, east and southeast of downtown. There is a smaller concentration of food pantries along I-20 and US 67 near Southwest Center Mall. However, much of the rest of the county has low access to food pantries.

more access more choice

Less access less choice

non-ntFB Food Pantry

Grocery stores

north texas Food Bank agency

CdP site

more access more choice

Less access less choice



north texas Food Bank HQ

21

1.000000 - 7.000000

7.000001 - 13.000000

13.000001 - 21.000000

21.000001 - 29.000000

29.000001 - 42.000000

LegendInaccessibileArea

Indicates area where there is limited access to, or choice of, grocery stores or food pantries. Food is more accessible in areas north and east of the city center. Areas with low access and choice include most of southeast Dallas County, large parts of western Dallas County, and portions of Pleasant Grove.

0 4 8 mi

I - 3

5E

agenciesChurches

Community Centers





I - 30

US - 183

I - 35E

I - 35E

I - 30

US - 175

US - 67

DA

LLA

S N

ORT

H T

OLL

WAY

US - 67

I - 635

I - 20

I - 45

LEDBETTER DR

GARLAND R

D

NORTHWEST HWY

US - 80

22

Residential areas were selected from census tracts with estimated food insecurity rates greater than 20% (1); these areas were then compared with the areas of low accessibility to grocery stores and food pantries to select areas of food insecurity and low accessibility to food providers (2). These areas can be considered micropockets of food insecurity,.However, target service expansion by CCS requires more in-depth identification of target areas. A final selection was identified by the intersection of micropockets and areas that were projected to face negative growth in median household incomes from 2014 to 2019.45 Of these areas, five census tracts merited further investigation (3) due to their consolidation, nearness to other micropockets, and substaintial lack of infrastructure. Each of these neighborhoods is discussed in detail in the following section.

MICROPOCKETS OF FOOD INSECURITY

1.000000 - 7.000000

7.000001 - 13.000000

13.000001 - 21.000000

21.000001 - 29.000000

29.000001 - 42.000000

LegendMicroPockets_Better

DemographicIndicators_Residential selection

InaccessibileArea

areas with limited choice and access to food pantries and grocery stores

residential areas falling within census tracts with >20% food insecure population

residential areas falling within census tracts with >20% food insecure population and within areas of limited choice and access

1.000000 - 7.000000

7.000001 - 13.000000

13.000001 - 21.000000

21.000001 - 29.000000

29.000001 - 42.000000

LegendDemographicIndicators_Residential selection

residential areas falling within census tracts with >20% food insecure population

Census tracts with >20% food insecure population

(1)

(2)

23

Residential area with limited food access, limited food choice, greater liklihood of food insecurity and a projected negative income growth into 2019.

Los Encinos-Westhaven

Pleasant Mound

South-Central Pleasant Grove

Southwest Pleasant GrovePemberton Hill

(3)

LEDBETTER DR

0 4 8 mi

I - 30

US - 183

I - 35E

I - 35E

I - 30

US - 175

US - 67

DA

LLA

S N

ORT

H T

OLL

WAY

US - 67

I - 3

5E

I - 635

I - 20 I - 45

GARLAND R

D

NORTHWEST HWY

US - 80

24

5 areas have been identified for the possible expansion of the CDP network. Using data from the North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG), the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services (TXDFPS), and Reference USA - in addition to the previously used grocery store and food pantry data - to identify existing assets surrounding the identified neighborhoods.46, 47, 48 Complete listings of assets in the surrounding areas are found in the Appendix.

LOS ENCINOS-WESTHAVENThis residential area is a collection of several smaller neighborhoods near Mountain View College in southwest Dallas. While there are a handful of grocery stores in the surrounding area, and an existing NTFB-affiliated food pantry, food assets in the neighborhood are limited. However, two small food pantries that are unaffiliated with the NTFB do operate in the area. Childcare facilities are limited in the area, however numerous churches present an opportunity for possible CDP partnerships.

PLEASANT MOUNDWhile CCS already serves 63 individuals in this neighborhood, there is still a need for more food service. Two existing NTFB-affiliated pantries operate in the vicinity, along with 5 grocery stores, however assets in the neighborhood are limited. Service expansion in the area could focus on addressing the estimated food insecure population not served by existing CCS or NTFB locations within the neighborhood.

SOUTH CENTRAL PLEASANT GROVEWhile this census tract is projected to face a drop in median household income through 2019, other areas of existing high food insecurity border much of this area. 4 NTFB pantries currently operate in the area alongside 1 CDP, although retail food options are limited. A larger number of churches operate in the surrounding area, with several immediately in the targeted census tract, and could potentially be recruited to participate in the CCS network.

PEMBERTON HILL This neighborhood is roughly half of the overall area of its census tract, which encompasses parts of the Trinity Forest. One existing food pantry operates in Pemberton Hill and has no affiliation with NTFB or CCS. This pantry might be a good entry point in the community in order to expand the number of food insecure individuals and households reached. Additionally, several churches that operate in the area may make viable partners.

SOUTHWEST PLEASANT GROVEThis portion of Pleasant Grove, just north of US - 175, may provide good opportunity for CDP expansion. Existing food assets include 2 grocery stores and 3 NTFB pantries, although the NTFB pantries are somewhat removed from this community. However, this location may prove difficult to address as assets in the area are largely outside of the targeted area.

POSSIBLE AREAS OF EXPANSION

25

0 0.5 10.25 Miles

Community Center

Church

Agency

Child Care

Community Center

Assisted Living

NTFB

Other

GroceryStoresSuperMarkets

DallasHousingAuthority

TransitionalHousing

Recommended Area

Area1 - Census Tract

High Food Insecurity and Low Access

Los Encinos-Westhaven

Total Population: 9,532Food Insecure Population: 2,028CCS Clients: 36

2012

African American Hispanic Unemployed Without High School In Poverty

13% 77% 7% 39% 22%

Primary recommended area

secondary recommended area

Church (27)Community Center

agency (2)

Dallas Housing Authority

Assisted LivingChildcare facility (5)

Grocery store (2)non-ntFB Food Bank (2)

ntFB (1)

Transitional Housing

Target Areas Food Assets Other Assets

SPUR 4

08

W KIEST BLVD

COCK

RELL

HIL

L

LOOP 12

W ILLINOIS AVE

Pecan Grove Park

Los Encinos

Encinos Park

Western Park

Westhaven

Rolling Meadows

Vista Real

WES

TMO

RELA

ND

Kiest Forest

Kimball

Kiest Valley Estates

Vista Del Cielo

49

26

Pleasant Mound


45% 47% 11% 34% 19%


0 0.5 10.25 Miles

Community Center

Church

Agency

Child Care

Community Center

Assisted Living

NTFB

Other



TransitionalHousing

Recommended Area



2012




agency (5)

dallas Housing authority (1)

assisted Living (1)Childcare facility (28)

Grocery store (5)Non-NTFB Food Bank

ntFB (2)


Target Areas Food Assets Other AssetsExisting CDPs

Church (1)

N M

ASTERS D

R

Independence Park

Pleasant Mound

Pleasant Grove

Piedmont/Scyene

MILITARY PKWY

SCYENE RD

BRUTON RDN

PRAIRIE CREEEK RD

S BUCKN

ER BLVD

S SAM HOUSTON

50

27

South Central Pleasant Grove


29% 67% 10% 47% 29%


0 0.65 1.30.325 Miles

Community Center

Church

Agency

Child Care

Community Center

Assisted Living

NTFB

Other



TransitionalHousing

Recommended Area



2012



Target Areas Existing CDPs

Church (1)

LAKE JUNE RD

Crawford

Memorial Park

ELAM RD

US - 175

I - 2

0

SEAGOVILLE RD

N PRA

IRIE CREEK RD

TRINITY

CORRIDOR

S BUCKN

ER BLVD

N M

ASTERS D

R

US - 175


agency (3)


Assisted LivingChildcare facility (23)


ntFB (4)


Food Assets Other Assets

Pleasant Grove

51

28

Pemberton Hill


14% 84% 9% 65% 35%


0 0.65 1.30.325 Miles

Community Center

Church

Agency

Child Care

Community Center

Assisted Living

NTFB

Other



TransitionalHousing

Recommended Area



2012



Church (55)Community Center (4)

agency (4)



Grocery store (2)non-ntFB Food Bank (1)

ntFB (4)


Target Areas Food Assets Other AssetsExisting CDPs

Church (1)

ELAM RD

JIM M

ILLER RD

S GREAT TRINITY FOREST WAY

GREAT TRINITY FOREST

PEMBERTO

N H

ILL RD

US - 175

I - 45

S BUCKN

ER BLVD

LAKE JUNE RD

Pemberton Hill

Pleasant Grove

29

Southwest Pleasant Grove


8% 84% 10% 61% 33%


0 0.55 1.10.275 Miles

Community Center

Church

Agency

Child Care

Community Center

Assisted Living

NTFB

Other



TransitionalHousing

Recommended Area



2012



Target Areas

LAKE JUNE RD

ELAM RD

S BUCKN

ER BLVD

JIM M

ILLER RDS GREAT TRINITY FOREST WAY

GREAT TRINITY FOREST

PEMBERTO

N H

ILL RD

US - 175

Church (46)Community Center (3)

agency (4)




ntFB (3)


Food Assets Other Assets

Pemberton Hill

Pleasant Grove

53

31

ConCLusionOf the 5 census tracts identified in this report, each offers a real opportunity to address the needs of existing food insecure populations and to fulfill need in areas that may face increased rates of food insecurity in the coming years. However, this issue is not limited to just 5 census tracts and the neighborhoods that fall within them - food insecurity, at present, is a problem within much of Dallas County. The method used to indentify these five areas has expanded on the existing body of research on food deserts and food security in Dallas.54, 55

Targeted expansion of CCS services across the county should begin in these five areas. While food assets are present in and around each area, when compared with the rest of the county these areas are highly underserved in both accessibility to either market-based or charitable food providers and choice of nutritious food providers. However, each of these areas offers its own benefits and challenges in implementing a new CDP. Conversations with NTFB staff may be necessary to gauge their current service delivery from pantries in these areas.

Additionally, the research conducted in these targeted areas can be replicated by CCS staff to identify the possibility of expanding service into other areas of food insecurity and low accessibility. Datasets from NCTCOG, TXDFPS, and Reference USA are all accessible and can help inform strategic decision-making.

32

APPENDIXLos enCinos - WestHaven

Type Name Address City ZIP Properties

Agency Apostolic Berean Believer 3207 Kiesthill Dr Dallas 75233 Reference USA

Agency Beacon Hill Preparatory Inst 4849 W Illinois Ave Dallas 75211 Reference USA

Child Care Jacqueline Coleman 2905 W Pentagon Pkwy Apt 106 Dallas 75233 TXDFPS

Child Care Kids Korner Learning Center 4707 Larue Dallas 75211 TXDFPS

Child Care R & R 24 hrs Day Care 3805 Crepe Myrtle Ln Dallas 75233 TXDFPS

Child Care TDA Day Care 4710 W Illinois Ave Dallas 75211 TXDFPS

Child Care Teressia Whitehead-Blair 4661 Bridle Wood Dr Dallas 75211 TXDFPS

Church Called Fellowship Baptist Church 3104 Gibbs Williams Rd Dallas 75233 NCTCOG

Church Cambodian Buddist Temple 5701 Crystal Lake Blvd Dallas 75236 NCTCOG

Church Centro De Fe Asamblea De Dios 4320 Texas Dr Dallas 75211 NCTCOG

Church Cliffwood Church Of Christ 3822 W Kiest Blvd Dallas 75233 NCTCOG

Church Dallas First Church 5606 W Illinois Ave Dallas 75211 NCTCOG

Church Family Love Church 2760 Emmett St Dallas 75211 NCTCOG

Church Fellowship Baptist Church Of Oak Cliff 3607 S Westmoreland Rd Dallas 75233 NCTCOG

Church Fountain Of Life Pentecostal 1608 Cockrell Hill Rd Dallas 75211 NCTCOG

Church Freedom Missionary Baptist Church 3715 S Westmoreland Rd Dallas 75233 NCTCOG

Church Gospel Lighthouse Church 5525 W Illinois Ave Dallas 75211 NCTCOG

Church Greater New Hope Church 3822 Boulder Dr Dallas 75233 NCTCOG

Church Homprakhoon Baptist Church 3721 S Ledbetter Dr Dallas 75236 NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Bautista Tierra Prometida 4911 Wisteria Dr Dallas 75211 NCTCOG

Church Iglesia LA Senda Antigua 3220 Los Angeles Blvd Dallas 75233 Reference USA

Church Iglesia Pentecostes Amisadai 1520 Marion Dr Dallas 75211 Reference USA

Church Kiestview Church Of Christ 3323 Guadalupe Ave Dallas 75233 NCTCOG

Church Miracle Center Church Of Dallas 3615 Blue Ridge Blvd Dallas 75233 NCTCOG

Church Mt Zion Deliverance Church 4946 LA Rue St Dallas 75211 Reference USA

Church New Life Bible Fellowship 3727 W Kiest Blvd Dallas 75233 NCTCOG

Church Nuestra Senora De Fatima 2323 Coombs Creek Dr Dallas 75211 NCTCOG

Church Nuestrasenora Del Pilar Catholic 4455 W Illinois Ave Dallas 75211 NCTCOG

Church Southwood United Methodist Church 3601 S Ravinia Dr Dallas 75233 NCTCOG

Church Templo De Alabanza 4710 W Illinois Ave Dallas 75211 Reference USA

Church Turning Point Church 2555 S Ledbetter Dr Dallas 75211 NCTCOG

Church Unitarian Universalist Church Of Oak Cliff 3839 W Kiest Blvd Dallas 75233 NCTCOG

Church Zion Apostolic Temple 3940 Blue Ridge Blvd Dallas 75233 NCTCOG

NTFB Mountain View Church of Christ 4111 W. Illinois Ave. Dallas 75211 NTFB

Other Pantry Focus Learning Academy 2524 W. Lebetter Dr. Dallas 75233 bcW

Other Pantry Lighthouse Christian Academy 5525 W. Illnois Ave. Dallas 75221 bcW

33

PLeasant mound

Type Name Address City ZIP Source

Agency A Solid Foundation 2045 New Haven Dr Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Agency Reginald House Ctr 445 Bruton Terrace Ctr Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Agency Shoes For My Children 9730 Bruton Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Agency Texas Career Institute 9585 Scyene Rd # J Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Agency Workforce Center 2020 N Masters Dr # 102 Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Assisted Living St Augustine Estate 2222 N Saint Augustine Dr Dallas 75227 Reference USA

CDP God’s Truest Miracles (Prichard House) 2103 Prichard Ln Dallas 75227 CCS

Child Care Building Lives Christian Academy & Child Care 2120 N Saint Augustine Dr Ste 126 Dallas 75227 TXDFPS

Child Care Diane Jernigan 8320 Foxwood Ln Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Direct Purpose LLC 8510 Military Pkwy Dallas 75227 TXDFPS

Child Care El Kinder - Bilingual Early Childhood Edu-cation 2523 S Buckner Blvd Dallas 75227 TXDFPS

Child Care Family Christian Learning Center 9279 Palisade Dr Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Heavenly Joy Day Care Center 2015 N Masters Dr Ste 110 Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care HIM Learning Center 9508 Scyene Rd Dallas 75227 TXDFPS

Child Care Imagination Station Child Care Center 7221 Scyene Rd Dallas 75227 TXDFPS

Child Care Kimberly Jones 9685 Limestone Dr Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Lake Cliff Childrens Courtyard 6909 Scyene Rd Dallas 75227 TXDFPS

Child Care LaTasha Watts 2 Tonka Cir Mesquite 75149 TXDFPS

Child Care LaTonja’s Loving Arms 2515 Bobwhite Blvd Mesquite 75149 TXDFPS

Child Care Linda Huff 10435 Castlerock Dr Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Mary Lindsey 927 Powell Rd Mesquite 75149 TXDFPS

Child Care Mary Marshall 8641 Comer Dr Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Mr Ed Lil Superstars 9009 Bruton Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Child Care New Age Day Care Academy 2920 N Prairie Creek Rd Dallas 75227 TXDFPS

Child Care Nueva Vida Day Care Pleasant Grove 10747 Bruton Rd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Play and Learn Christian Academy 9510 Military Pkwy Dallas 75227 TXDFPS

Child Care Quintas Rhinehart 2423 Mccutcheon Ln Dallas 75227 TXDFPS

Child Care Rainbow’s End Child Dev Ctr 301 W Kaufman St Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Child Care Scribbles Learning Center Inc 8025 Umphress Rd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Sherandas Playhouse II 2124 N Prairie Creek Rd Dallas 75227 TXDFPS

Child Care Super Stars Academy 9009 Bruton Rd # 447 Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care The Honeycomb Hideout 2514 S Buckner Blvd Dallas 75227 TXDFPS

Child Care Tiffany Hinton 125 Darien Dr Mesquite 75149 TXDFPS

Child Care Vanessa Hawkins 10336 Oak Branch Ln Dallas 75227 TXDFPS

Child Care Willis Hall 2506 Fonville Dr Dallas 75227 TXDFPS

Church Aaron J Calhoun Ministries 9435 Culberson St Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Church Bruton Terrace Church Of The Nazarene 8851 Bruton Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Christ Community Fellowship Church 9510 Briggs St Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church Christ Gospel Church 621 Old London Ln Mesquite 75149 NCTCOG

Church Christ Holy Temple 2423 S Buckner Blvd Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church Church Of Acts On The Rock 9256 Bruton Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

34

PLeasant mound (continued)


Church Cornerstone Community Church 1950 Alpha Dr Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Church Dallas Gospel Chapel 2930 N Saint Augustine Dr Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Church East Dallas Church Of God 9401 Scyene Rd Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church Ebenezer Baptist Church 1401 Powell Rd Mesquite 75149 NCTCOG

Church Ebenezer Missionary Baptist Church 8015 Blossom Ln Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church Encouraging Word Bible 11038 Limestone Dr Balch Springs 75180 NCTCOG

Church Faith Presbyterian Church 709 S Peachtree Rd Mesquite 75149 NCTCOG

Church Faithway Fellowship Bapt Chr 10504 Bruton Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Fellowship Missionary Baptist 9208 Briggs St Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Church First Baptist Chr Of Rockwall 610 S Gollad St Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Church First Fellowship Baptist Chr 2120 N Saint Augustine Dr Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Church God’S Anointed Sanctified Worship Church 2033 Military Pkwy #403 Mesquite 75149 NCTCOG

Church Grace Asamblea De Dios 2801 Sam Houston Rd Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Church Greater Macedonia Primitive Baptist Church 8343 Bruton Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Heartline Ministries 9755 E R L Thornton Fwy Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Church Hispanic Institute Of Ministry 9508 Scyene Rd Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church Igl Baut El Buen Pastor 3011 Cypress Ave Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Church Iglesia Cristiana Fuego De Dios 1900 Haddock Dr Mesquite 75149 NCTCOG

Church Jehovah’s Witnesses 2749 Sam Houston Rd Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Church Lakeside Baptist Church 8401 Bruton Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Liberty Baptist Church 1833 Cheyenne Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Liberty Outreach Christian Church 2920 Prairie Creek Rd Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church Living Word Missionary Baptist Church 2237 Masters Dr Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church Mesquite Baptist Church 2015 Hickory Tree Rd Balch Springs 75180 NCTCOG

Church Nazareth Missionary Baptist Church 8205 Bruton Rd Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church New Life Full Gospel Cmnty Chr 3302 N Prairie Creek Rd Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Church Oasis Of Life Ministries 2552 Earlcove Dr Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Church Pathway Of Life Church 8510 Military Pkwy Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church Pleasant Grove Academy Cogic 1720 Neal Gay Dr Mesquite 75149 NCTCOG

Church Pleasant Grove Community Baptist Church 7815 Hume Dr Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church Pleasant Mound Church 8301 Bruton Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Primera Iglesia Bautista De Dallas 3625 Cypress Ave Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church Rehoboth Deliverance Temple Of The Holy Spirit

1516 N Prairie Creek Rd, Dallas 75217, Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Saint Agustine Church Of Christ 1707 N Saint Augustine Dr Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church Saint Philip The Apostle Church 8131 Military Pkwy Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church Tabernacle Of Deliverance 8807 Scyene Rd Dallas 75227 Reference USA

Church Templo De Dios 7851 Scyene Rd Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church United Holiness Deliverance Temple 10121 Scyene Rd Dallas 75227 NCTCOG

Church West Mesquite Baptist Church 2808 W Scyene Rd Mesquite 75149 NCTCOG

Church Zion Travlers Gospel Singer 2170 Aspen Dr Dallas 75227 Reference USA

DHA Conner Drive 2004 Conner Drive Dallas 75217 DHA

35

PLeasant mound (continued)


NTFB Pathway of Life Church 8510 Military Pkwy Dallas 75227NTFB

NTFB Wilkinson Center 3402 N Buckner Blvd Suite 302 Dallas 75228NTFB

soutH CentraL PLeasant Grove

Type Name Address City Zip Source

Agency AMVETS Department Of Texas 928 S Buckner Blvd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Agency Lift For Life Outreach 230 Turin Dr Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Agency Omega Iglesia Bautista 342 Freddie St Dallas 75217 Reference USA

CDP Pleasant Oaks Missionary Baptist Church 412 N. Masters Dallas 75217 CCS

Child Care Amarias Learning Center 768 N Saint Augustine Dr Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Consuelo Aguirre 10320 Trail Ave Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Darnita Austin 296 Buttercup Ln Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Dinky’s Daycare 811 Arbol Verde Ct Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Child Care Earline Williams 115 S Trego Ct Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Florence Parker 556 Blueberry Blvd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care G & J Learning Center 1111 N Jim Miller Rd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Kenya’s Learning Safari 515 N Saint Augustine Dr Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Kingdom Kids Child Placing 9709 C F Hawn Fwy Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Child Care Kingdom Kids Development Center 845 S Buckner Blvd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Lake June Head Start 9030 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Lashana Mitchell 10310 Kinslow Dr Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Little Creations Learning Center 210 N Prairie Creek Rd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Little Steps Learning Center #2 7121 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Myshundre Davis 1324 Thorne St Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Reid’s Creative Academy 6969 C F Hawn Fwy Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Riding Rainbows CDC Inc 1132 S Buckner Blvd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Romekias Little Goodies Resource Learning Center 1236 N Jim Miller Rd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Rylie Day Care Center 1509 Haymarket Rd Dallas 75253 TXDFPS

Child Care Sherandas Playhouse 333 S Saint Augustine Dr Ste 101 Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Smile of a Child Learning Center 8817 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Stepping Stones Early CDC Inc 8315 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Willie F Cornelius Montessori Academy 6819 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Church Believers International Mnstrs 6606 Great Trinity Forest Way Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Bethel Baptist Church 11435 Ravenview Rd Dallas 75253 NCTCOG

Church Bethel Motors 7312 C F Hawn Fwy Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Bright Star Missionary Baptist Church 9650 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Cathedral Of Faith Baptist Church 6901 Great Trinity Forest Way Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Church Of Christ Of Rylie 10240 Rylie Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Church Of The Living God 7115 Elam Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Compassionate Community Church 7103 Rosemont Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Cristo LA Roca 8003 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

36

soutH CentraL PLeasant Grove (continued)


Church Cross Of Christ Baptist 602 N Jim Miller Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Crossover Missionary 1220 Murdock Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Dallas Pentecostal Church 8126 Suetelle Dr Dallas 75217NCTCOG

ChurchDallas Spanish Pleasant Grove Seventh Day Adventist 7927 Rosemont Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Day Spring Pentecostal Church 817 Holcomb Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Emmanuel Fellowship Baptist Church 400 N Prairie Creek Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Faith Kingdom Church Of God 6916 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217Reference USA

Church Familia Bethel Internacional 617 S Saint Augustine Dr Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Fireside Drive Baptist Church 8805 Fireside Dr Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church First Baptist Church Of Rylie 10650 C F Hawn Fwy Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Frontier Rev Ctr Inc 10920 Elam RdBalch Springs 75180NCTCOG

Church God’S Word Missionary 9319 Elam Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Goodwill Baptist Church 516 N Jim Miller Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Gospel Tabernacle Church 445 S Masters Dr Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Greater Apostolic Tabernacle 3707 S Peachtree RdBalch Springs 75180NCTCOG

Church Harvest Baptist Church 10723 Elam Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Hawn Freeway Church Of Christ 7605 C F Hawn Fwy Dallas 75217Reference USA

Church House Of Prayer 7004 Carter Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Avivamiento Cristiano 7550 Texas 12 Loop Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Bautista Betania Church 7530 C F Hawn Fwy Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Bautista Union Con Cristo 1115 Ridgewood Dr Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Evangelica Cristiana 9710 Elam Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Ministerio Restoracion Familia 1231 Dowdy Ferry Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Nueva Canzion 8238 Elam Rd Dallas 75217Reference USA

Church Jehovah’s Witnesses 149 N Saint Augustine Dr Dallas 75217Reference USA

Church Lake June Baptist Church 10602 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Lifeline Community Church Of The Living God 901 Haymarket Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Little Bethel Assembly Of God Church 10016 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Living Gospel Church 829 N Saint Augustine Dr Dallas 75217Reference USA

Church Love Outreach Church 340 S Seagoville Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Mount Sinai Baptist Church 6819 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church New Bethel Ministries 484 S Saint Augustine Dr Dallas 75217Reference USA

Church New Covenant Missionary Baptist Church 918 Holcomb Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church New Creations Church 210 N Prairie Creek Rd Dallas 75217Reference USA

Church New Haven Baptist Church 10110 Rylie Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church New Life Fellowship 10900 Cade Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church New Light Church 9314 Elam Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church New Millennium Bible Fellowship Praise Center 9026 Elam Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Newman Park Christian Center 7922 Fairport Rd Dallas 75217NCTCOG

Church Our Savior Episcopal Church 1616 N Jim Miller Rd Dallas 75217Reference USA

37

soutH CentraL PLeasant Grove (continued)


Church Pleasant Grove Christian Church 1324 Pleasant Dr Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Pleasant Oaks Baptist Church 412 N Masters Dr Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Prairie Creek Baptist Church 1013 Dowdy Ferry Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Praise Temple 10412 Elam Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Saint Augustine Church 1054 N St Augustine Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Seagoville Road Baptist Church 11524 Seagoville Rd Mesquite 75180 NCTCOG

Church Southern Hills Church Of Christ 6969 C F Hawn Freeway Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Spence Park Baptist Church 11209 Lyric Ln Balch Springs 75180 NCTCOG

Church St Augustine Ministry Ctr 411 S Saint Augustine Dr Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church St James AME Church 200 N Jim Miller Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Star Of Bethlehem Baptist Church 8702 Eden Valley Ln Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Way Of Truth 845 S Buckner Blvd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Wings-Deliverance Tabernacle 512 Holcomb Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

NTFB Care Center Ministries 7912 Antoinette Dallas 75217 NTFB

NTFB Newman Park Christian Center 7922 Fairport Rd. Dallas 75217 NTFB

NTFB Pleasant Grove Food Pantry 1331 Baywood Street Dallas 75217 NTFB

NTFB Way Of Truth 845 S. Buckner Blvd Dallas 75217 NTFB

PemBerton HiLL




Agency Pleasant Grove Senior Citizens 7224 Umphress Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Agency Way Of Truth 845 S Buckner Blvd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Assisted Living Umphress Terrace 7242 Umphress Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

CDP True Foundation Christian Church 2620 Rochester St. Dallas 75215 CCS



Child Care Infinity Learning Center 4714 Yancy St Dallas 75216 TXDFPS



Child Care Little Lucys Day Care 1314 Lonsdale Ave Dallas 75217 TXDFPS






Child Care Tanisha Yates 6439 Seco Blvd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Church Apostolic Assembly Church 1106 Pemberton Hill Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG


38

PemBerton HiLL (continued)


Church Believers Missionary Bapt Chr 7406 Elam Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA



Church Christian Missionary Baptist Church 4706 Fellows Ln Dallas 75216 NCTCOG

Church Church Of Christ Of Pemberton Hill 320 Pemberton Hill Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG


Church Church On The Way 754 Elsberry Ave Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Church Where Jesus Is Lord 700 Elwayne Ave Dallas 75217 NCTCOG



Church Cross Of Christ Baptist 602 N Jim Miller Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Crossover Missionary 1220 Murdock Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Dallas Spanish Pleasant Grove Seventh Day Adventist 7927 Rosemont Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Day Spring Pentecostal Church 817 Holcomb Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Emmanuel Fellowship Bapt Chr 400 N Prairie Creek Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Evangelist Temple Church Of God In Christ 2627 Dorris St Dallas 75215 NCTCOG

Church Faith Kingdom Church Of God 6916 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Gethsemane Missionary Baptist Church 4600 Solar Ln Dallas 75216 NCTCOG

Church Goodwill Baptist Church 516 N Jim Miller Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Hawn Freeway Church Of Christ 7605 C F Hawn Fwy Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church House Of Prayer 7004 Carter Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Avivamiento Cristiano 7550 Texas 12 Loop Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Bautista Betania Church 7530 C F Hawn Fwy Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Bautista Union Con Cristo 1115 Ridgewood Dr Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Ministerio Restoracion Familia 1231 Dowdy Ferry Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Nueva Canzion 8238 Elam Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Independent Missionary Baptist Church 6800 Bexar St Dallas 75215 NCTCOG

Church Lords Missionary Baptist Church 6722 Bexar St Dallas 75215 NCTCOG

Church Miracle Deliverance 7117 Tillman St Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Morning Star Baptist Church 2662 Anderson St Dallas 75215 NCTCOG

Church Mosley Chapel Church 2246 Anderson St Dallas 75215 NCTCOG

Church Mount Elam Missionary Baptist Church 4646 Burma Rd Dallas 75216 NCTCOG

Church Mount Pisgah Baptist Church 6335 Elam Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Mount Sinai Baptist Church 6819 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church New Creations Church 210 N Prairie Creek Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church New Zion Baptist Church 7814 Hull Ave Dallas 75216 NCTCOG

Church Newman Park Christian Center 7922 Fairport Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Our Savior Episcopal Church 1616 N Jim Miller Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Peace Of God Missionary Baptist 4803 Zealand St Dallas 75216 NCTCOG


Church Pleasant Grove Church-Christ 1407 Conner Dr Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Pleasant Grove First Baptist Church 1401 S Buckner Blvd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

39

PemBerton HiLL (continued)


Church Prairie Creek Baptist Church 1013 Dowdy Ferry Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Primera Iglesia Bautista Alfa 603 Elsberry Ave Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Revelations Of Jesus Christ 7606 Elam Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Shady Grove Primitive Baptist Church 4759 Yancy St Dallas 75216 NCTCOG

Church Solid Rock Missionary Baptist Church 6615 Elam Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG



Church Strong Arms Church Of God In Christ 135 Pemberton Hill Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Templo La Hermosa Church 700 Jonelle Ave Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Umphress Road United Methodist Church 7224 Umphress Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Victory Temple Church Of God In Christ 7205 Tillman St Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Community Center City Of Dallas Br Libraries 1125 S Buckner Blvd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Community Center Pleasant Grove Library 7310 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Community Center Prairie Creek Library 9609 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Community Center Turner Courts Recreation Center 6508 Canaan St Dallas 75215 NCTCOG


NTFB Newman Park Christian Center 7922 Fairport Rd. Dallas 75217 NTFB



Other Fwm Learning Center 559 Ezekial Ave Dallas bcW

soutHWest PLeasant Grove



Agency Lift For Life Outreach 230 Turin Dr Dallas 75217 Reference USA


Agency Pleasant Grove Senior Citizens 7224 Umphress Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Assisted Living Umphress Terrace 7242 Umphress Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA


Child Care Florence Parker 556 Blueberry Blvd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS




Child Care Lake June Head Start 9030 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Little Creations Learning Center 210 N Prairie Creek Rd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Little Lucys Day Care 1314 Lonsdale Ave Dallas 75217 TXDFPS


Child Care Mary Marshall 8641 Comer Dr Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Reid’s Creative Academy 6969 C F Hawn Fwy Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

40

soutHWest PLeasant Grove (continued)





Child Care Smile of a Child Learning Center 8817 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS


Child Care Tanisha Yates 6439 Seco Blvd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Child Care Willie F Cornelius Montessori Academy 6819 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 TXDFPS

Church Apostolic Assembly Church 1106 Pemberton Hill Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG


Church Believers Missionary Bapt Chr 7406 Elam Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA



Church Church Of Christ Of Pemberton Hill 320 Pemberton Hill Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG


Church Church On The Way 754 Elsberry Ave Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Church Where Jesus Is Lord 700 Elwayne Ave Dallas 75217 NCTCOG



Church Cross Of Christ Baptist 602 N Jim Miller Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Dallas Spanish Pleasant Grove Seventh Day Adventist 7927 Rosemont Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Day Spring Pentecostal Church 817 Holcomb Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Emmanuel Fellowship Baptist Church 400 N Prairie Creek Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Faith Kingdom Church Of God 6916 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Goodwill Baptist Church 516 N Jim Miller Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Hawn Freeway Church Of Christ 7605 C F Hawn Fwy Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church House Of Prayer 7004 Carter Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Avivamiento Cristiano 7550 Texas 12 Loop Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Bautista Betania Church 7530 C F Hawn Fwy Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Bautista Union Con Cristo 1115 Ridgewood Dr Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Iglesia Nueva Canzion 8238 Elam Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Miracle Deliverance 7117 Tillman St Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Mount Pisgah Baptist Church 6335 Elam Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Mount Sinai Baptist Church 6819 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church New Covenant Missionary Baptist Church 918 Holcomb Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church New Creations Church 210 N Prairie Creek Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church New Millennium Bible Fellowship Praise Center 9026 Elam Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Our Savior Episcopal Church 1616 N Jim Miller Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG


Church Pleasant Grove Church-Christ 1407 Conner Dr Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Pleasant Grove First Baptist Church 1401 S Buckner Blvd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

41

soutHWest PLeasant Grove (continued)


Church Primera Iglesia Bautista Alfa 603 Elsberry Ave Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Rehoboth Deliverance Temple Of The Holy Spirit 1516 N Prairie Creek Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Revelations Of Jesus Christ 7606 Elam Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Solid Rock Missionary Baptist Church 6615 Elam Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG



Church Star Of Bethlehem Baptist Church 8702 Eden Valley Ln Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Strong Arms Church Of God In Christ 135 Pemberton Hill Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Templo La Hermosa Church 700 Jonelle Ave Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Umphress Road United Methodist Church 7224 Umphress Rd Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Victory Temple Church Of God In Christ 7205 Tillman St Dallas 75217 NCTCOG

Church Way Of Truth 845 S Buckner Blvd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Church Wings-Deliverance Tabernacle 512 Holcomb Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Community Center City Of Dallas Br Libraries 1125 S Buckner Blvd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Community Center Pleasant Grove Library 7310 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA

Community Center Prairie Creek Library 9609 Lake June Rd Dallas 75217 Reference USA




Other Pantry Fwm Learning Center 559 Ezekial Ave Dallas 75217 bcW

42

ENDNOTES (in progress)[1] Crossroads Community Services. 2014.

[2] North Texas Food Bank Hunger Center.

[3] ibid

[4] Crossroads Community Services. 2014.

[5] Data provided by CCS staff and analyzed by bcWORKSHOP.

[6] ibid

[7] Povich, D., B. Roberts, and M. Mather. 2013. Low-Income Working Mothers and State Policy. Investing for a Better Economic Future. The Working Poor Families Project, Policy Brief.

[8]Crossroads Community Services. 2014.

[9] U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2008 – 2012 5 Year Estimates.

[10] ibid




[14] ibid

[15] On average, each meal delivered to CCS clients is 1.2 lbs. Using this weight, the number of meals delivered to each client, and the number of clients, the total weight of food distributed to the CDPs was estimated on a monthly and yearly basis.

[16] Feeding America. 2014. Map the Meal Gap: Highlights of Findings for Overall and Child Food Insecurity.

[17] United States Department of Agriculture. 2014. Definitions of Food Insecurity. Accessed from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/food-nutrition-assistance/food-security-in-the-us/definitions-of-food-security.aspx.

[18] UUnited States Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2013. Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2012 - 2013.


[20] ibid

[21] Walker, R. E., C. R. Keane, and J. G. Burke. 2010. Disparities and Access to Healthy Food in the United States: A Review of Food Deserts Literature. Health and Place 16(5): 876 - 884.

[22] Coleman-Jensen, A., C. Gregory, and A. Singh. 2014. Household Food Security in the United States in 2013. United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. Economic Research Report 173.


[24] Sparks, C. S. 2012. Food Security Assessment for San Antonio, Texas.

[25] Walker, R. E., C. R. Keane, and J. G. Burke. 2010. Disparities and Access to Healthy Food in the United States: A Review of Food Deserts Literature. Health and Place 16(5): 876 - 884.


[27] USDA. 2014. http://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/food-nutrition-assistance/food-security-in-the-us/definitions-of-food-security.aspx


[29] ibid


43

[31] Sparks, C. S. 2012. Food Security Assessment for San Antonio, Texas.

[32] United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2013. Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2012 - 2013.


[34] Regan, A. 2013. Assessing the Role of Smaller Format Retailers on the Food Desert Landscape in Dallas, Texas. University of North Texas: Masters Thesis.

[35] Rose, D., J. N. Bodor, C. M. Swalm, J. C. Rice, T. A. Farley, and P. L. Hutchinson. 2009. Deserts in New Orleans? Illustrations of Urban Food Access and Implications for Policy. Paper Prepared for University of Michigan National Poverty Center and USDA Economic Research Service Research “Understanding the Economic Concepts and Characteristics of Food Access.”

[36] Joassart-Marcelli, P., F. J. Bosco, and E. Delgado. 2014. Southeastern San Diego’s Landscape: Challenges and Opportunities. Policy Report. San Diego, CA: Department of Geography, San Diego State University and Project New Village. Available at: htpp://geography.sdsu.edu/Research/Projects/FEP.

[37] United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2013. Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2012 - 2013.

[38] Coefficients and a county-specific error term were used to estimate food insecurity at the census tract level using data from the 2012 5YR ACS.


[40] ibid

[41] Grocery store and supermarket list compiled by bcWORKSHOP.

[42] 1-mile and 3-mile service areas were generated for each location using ESRI, Inc. ArcGIS Network Analyst. Service areas were then weighted by distance from store and summed to come up with an accessibility score for the entire county.

[43] Food pantry locations for CCS and NTFB pantries were provided the respective organizations, and other food pantry locations were compiled by bcWORKSHOP.

[44] 1-mile and 3-mile service areas were generated for each location using ESRI, Inc. ArcGIS Network Analyst. Service areas were then weighted by distance from store and summed to come up with an accessibility score for the entire county.

[45] ESRI. 2014. “Median Household Income, 2014 and 2019.” Community Analyst.

[46] North Central Texas Council of Governments. 2014. Regional Data Center. http://rdc.nctcog.org/index.aspx

[47] Texas Department of Family and Protective Services. 2014. http://www.dfps.state.tx.us/Child_Care/Information_for_Providers/faqs.asp

[48] Reference USA. 2014. Accessed through the Dallas Public Library.


[50] ibid

[51] ibid

[52] ibid

[53] ibid

[54] Berg, N. and J. Murdoch. 2007. Access to Grocery Stores and Food Security in Dallas. University of Texas at Dallas Center for Urban Economics.

[55] Regan, A. 2013. Assessing the Role of Smaller Format Retailers on the Food Desert Landscape in Dallas, Texas. University of North Texas: Masters Thesis.

the geography of food insecurity, dallas county

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