The GameThe Game• GENERAL RULES: GENERAL RULES: • The team with possession (legal control of the ball) is the offensive team. The team with possession (legal control of the ball) is the offensive team.

– Normally, five players are the interior linemen (a center, two guards, and two Normally, five players are the interior linemen (a center, two guards, and two tackles), two are ends (split or tight ends), one is a quarterback and three are tackles), two are ends (split or tight ends), one is a quarterback and three are backs (running backs or wide receivers). backs (running backs or wide receivers).

• The defensive team The defensive team – is usually made up of three or four down linemen (ends, tackles, guards), three is usually made up of three or four down linemen (ends, tackles, guards), three

or four linebackers (left, middle, right or inside and outside combinations), and or four linebackers (left, middle, right or inside and outside combinations), and the defensive backs, the secondary (corner backs, free and strong safeties). the defensive backs, the secondary (corner backs, free and strong safeties).

• Special team players Special team players – include a punter (who drops the ball and kicks it before it touches the ground) include a punter (who drops the ball and kicks it before it touches the ground)

and a place kicker (who kicks the ball off the ground for a kickoff, field goal or and a place kicker (who kicks the ball off the ground for a kickoff, field goal or extra point after a touchdown) and a specialist in returning kickoff or punts. extra point after a touchdown) and a specialist in returning kickoff or punts.

• Defensive players can line up anywhere behind their scrimmage line. Defensive players can line up anywhere behind their scrimmage line.

• Any player can run with the ball: only the two ends and the backs are Any player can run with the ball: only the two ends and the backs are eligible receivers, permitted to catch a pass (a ball thrown by one player eligible receivers, permitted to catch a pass (a ball thrown by one player to another). to another).

• Substitutions are unlimited. Players can only enter the game when the Substitutions are unlimited. Players can only enter the game when the ball is dead; players leaving the game must come off the field on their own ball is dead; players leaving the game must come off the field on their own team's side between the end lines before the next play begins. team's side between the end lines before the next play begins.

ScoringScoring• Points are scored in the following ways:Points are scored in the following ways:

– Touchdown – 6 points – made when any player carries the ball Touchdown – 6 points – made when any player carries the ball across their opponent’s goal line or receives a pass in the end across their opponent’s goal line or receives a pass in the end zone.zone.

– Field Goal – 3 points – an offensive player makes a place kick Field Goal – 3 points – an offensive player makes a place kick that passes entirely between the goal post.that passes entirely between the goal post.

– Safety – 2 points - A safety occurs when the team with the Safety – 2 points - A safety occurs when the team with the football loses it out of its own end zone or is tackled in football loses it out of its own end zone or is tackled in possession of the ball while in the end zone. possession of the ball while in the end zone.

– Extra Point – after a team scores a touchdown, they can try to Extra Point – after a team scores a touchdown, they can try to score again. An extra point that is kicked between the uprights is score again. An extra point that is kicked between the uprights is worth one point. worth one point.

– 2 point conversion is an offensive play that occurs from the three 2 point conversion is an offensive play that occurs from the three yard line and if the ball is run or thrown complete into the end yard line and if the ball is run or thrown complete into the end zone it is worth two points.zone it is worth two points.

Team/PositionsTeam/Positions

• Each team plays with 11 players on the field at a Each team plays with 11 players on the field at a timetime

• OFFENSE (11)- OFFENSE (11)- 5 Offensive Lineman (Right 5 Offensive Lineman (Right Tackle, Right Guard, Center, Left Guard, Left Tackle, Right Guard, Center, Left Guard, Left Tackle), 1 Quarterback, 1 Half Back (HB or Tackle), 1 Quarterback, 1 Half Back (HB or Running Back), 2-3 receivers (Wide Receiver) Running Back), 2-3 receivers (Wide Receiver) and 1 Tight End (TE) (if only 2 receivers), and 1 Tight End (TE) (if only 2 receivers), Fullback (FB)Fullback (FB)

WR LT LG C RG RT TEQB

WR

RB

WR

Line of Scrimmage

Team/PositionsTeam/Positions• DEFENSE (11)-DEFENSE (11)- 3-4 Defensive Lineman (2 Defensive 3-4 Defensive Lineman (2 Defensive

Ends, 2 Defensive Tackles), 1-3 Linebackers (Outside Ends, 2 Defensive Tackles), 1-3 Linebackers (Outside Linebacker, Middle Linebacker, Outside Linebacker), 4 Linebacker, Middle Linebacker, Outside Linebacker), 4 Defensive Backs (Strong Safety, Free Safety, 2 Corner-Defensive Backs (Strong Safety, Free Safety, 2 Corner-backs). This example is a 3-4 defense because there are 3 backs). This example is a 3-4 defense because there are 3 defensive linemen (T-N-T) and 4 linebackers .defensive linemen (T-N-T) and 4 linebackers .

WRTLT

NLG

T

C

LB

RG

LB

RT

LB

TE

LB

QB

CB

WR

CB

RB

FS

WR

SS

Field DimensionsField Dimensions

• The field is 120 yards long from end line to end The field is 120 yards long from end line to end line and 100 yards from goal line to goal line.line and 100 yards from goal line to goal line.

• The width of the field 53 1/3 yards The width of the field 53 1/3 yards

• There are yard lines at 5-yard intervals, which There are yard lines at 5-yard intervals, which are parallel to the goal line. are parallel to the goal line.

• Goal posts are positioned on the end line with a Goal posts are positioned on the end line with a cross bar 23’ 4” long and 10’ above the ground. cross bar 23’ 4” long and 10’ above the ground. The uprights must be 3-4” in diameter and The uprights must be 3-4” in diameter and extend 20’ above the crossbarextend 20’ above the crossbar

Field DimensionsField Dimensions

Definition of TermsDefinition of Terms • Defensive team-Defensive team- the team not in possession of the ball. the team not in possession of the ball.

• Down-Down- attempt or try to move the ball ten yards. Offense gets four attempt or try to move the ball ten yards. Offense gets four downs or chances to move the ball ten yards. If they don’t downs or chances to move the ball ten yards. If they don’t advance it that far, they lose possession of the balladvance it that far, they lose possession of the ball

• End Line-End Line- the boundary line that runs the width of the field along the boundary line that runs the width of the field along each end.each end.

• Flag-Flag- when a team commits a penalty the referee will throw a when a team commits a penalty the referee will throw a yellow flag as an indicator of the penalty. A team can choose to yellow flag as an indicator of the penalty. A team can choose to accept the penalty and redo the down or decline the penalty and accept the penalty and redo the down or decline the penalty and move on to the next down. move on to the next down.

• Fumble-Fumble- when a ball carrier loses possession by dropping the ball when a ball carrier loses possession by dropping the ball or having it knocked away before a play ends. or having it knocked away before a play ends.

Definition of TermsDefinition of Terms

• Goal Line-Goal Line- a line drawn across the width of the field, 10 a line drawn across the width of the field, 10 yards inside each end line, which a team must cross with yards inside each end line, which a team must cross with the ball to score a touchdown the ball to score a touchdown

• Interception- Interception- a pass caught in the air (picked off) by a a pass caught in the air (picked off) by a defender whose team immediately gains possession of the defender whose team immediately gains possession of the ball and becomes the offense. ball and becomes the offense.

• Line of Scrimmage-Line of Scrimmage- an imaginary line which no player may an imaginary line which no player may cross before the snap; each team has its own line of cross before the snap; each team has its own line of scrimmage, separated by a neutral zone which is the scrimmage, separated by a neutral zone which is the length of the football as it lies on the ground.length of the football as it lies on the ground.

• Offensive team-Offensive team- the team in possession of the ball. the team in possession of the ball.

Definition of TermsDefinition of Terms• Offside-Offside- when any part of a player’s body is beyond his line when any part of a player’s body is beyond his line

of scrimmage when the ball is snapped; a foul punishable by of scrimmage when the ball is snapped; a foul punishable by a 5 yard penalty. a 5 yard penalty.

• Spiral-Spiral- a ball or kick with a spin which propels it further a ball or kick with a spin which propels it further with more accuracy; the ball points the same direction with more accuracy; the ball points the same direction throughout its flight.throughout its flight.

• Tackle-Tackle- It is also the act of a defensive player taking an It is also the act of a defensive player taking an offensive player to the ground.offensive player to the ground.

• Touchback-Touchback- when a player who gains possession of a ball in when a player who gains possession of a ball in

his own end zone kneels to the ground and automatically his own end zone kneels to the ground and automatically starts the next play at his own 20-yard line; also award if his starts the next play at his own 20-yard line; also award if his opponent kicks the ball across the end line. opponent kicks the ball across the end line.

PenaltiesPenalties• Delay of game- 5 yardsDelay of game- 5 yards• False start- 5 yardsFalse start- 5 yards• Encroachment- 5 yardsEncroachment- 5 yards• Grasping the opponents face mask -15 yardsGrasping the opponents face mask -15 yards• Illegal formation, shift, motion- 5 yardsIllegal formation, shift, motion- 5 yards• Offside- 5 yardsOffside- 5 yards• Running into the kicker- 5 yardsRunning into the kicker- 5 yards• Throwing a forward pass from beyond the line of scrimmage- 5yards and Throwing a forward pass from beyond the line of scrimmage- 5yards and

loss of downloss of down• Offensive and defensive holding- 10 yardsOffensive and defensive holding- 10 yards• Fair catch interference- 15 yardsFair catch interference- 15 yards• Unsportsmanlike conduct- 15 yardsUnsportsmanlike conduct- 15 yards• Clipping- 15 yards Clipping- 15 yards • Unnecessary roughness- 15 yards plus an automatic first downUnnecessary roughness- 15 yards plus an automatic first down• Removing helmet on the playing field- 15 yards plus an automatic first Removing helmet on the playing field- 15 yards plus an automatic first

downdown• Roughing the passer- 15 yards plus an automatic first downRoughing the passer- 15 yards plus an automatic first down• Roughing the kicker- 15 yards plus an automatic first downRoughing the kicker- 15 yards plus an automatic first down

SkillsSkills• Forward pass: Throwing the ball forwards. Legal only once per play; must be Forward pass: Throwing the ball forwards. Legal only once per play; must be

thrown from behind the line of scrimmage and caught only by an eligible thrown from behind the line of scrimmage and caught only by an eligible receiver.receiver.

• Kickoff: The way that play is begun to start both halves and after every score.Kickoff: The way that play is begun to start both halves and after every score. • Long Snap: A method of centering the ball to the quarterback, holder for a Long Snap: A method of centering the ball to the quarterback, holder for a

place kick or punter. The typical distance between the center and player place kick or punter. The typical distance between the center and player receiving the ball is 7 yards for quarterback and holder for place kick and13 receiving the ball is 7 yards for quarterback and holder for place kick and13 yards for punter. yards for punter.

• Place Kick: One player places the ball on the ground, end first, and holds it Place Kick: One player places the ball on the ground, end first, and holds it lightly with the hand or fingers. His teammate tries to kick it between the lightly with the hand or fingers. His teammate tries to kick it between the uprights of the goal post. uprights of the goal post.

• Punt: A type of kick where the kicker drops the ball through the air and kicks Punt: A type of kick where the kicker drops the ball through the air and kicks it before it hits the ground. * A punt will usually occur on a fourth down when it before it hits the ground. * A punt will usually occur on a fourth down when the offensive team is not in position to score or chooses not to go for a first the offensive team is not in position to score or chooses not to go for a first down. down.

• Receiving: Catching the ball either as an offensive receiver, defender or a Receiving: Catching the ball either as an offensive receiver, defender or a special team player on kick return or punt return. special team player on kick return or punt return.